Current issue

• 2012 Vol.2 No.1 Published:10 January 2012

  The Study of Seed Germination Characteristics of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb 2012, 2 (1):  1-3.  Abstract + ( 2319 )   PDF ( 529KB )   ( 1912 ) To study the influence of the seed germination of Polygonum multiflorum by different temperatures, cultivating methods and salt stresses, which can provide reference for seed germination inspection and field seeding. The author took petri dishes to culture seeds and counted the germination rate. The results showed that the highest germination rate occured at 25℃; in salt-stress condition, with the increase of the salt concentration seed germination rate declined and under the condition of low salt concentration germination rate showed no obvious difference with the controlling group; at the same temperature, germination rate was higher when cultivated with dark than under light, and seeds cultured in the filters had higher germination rate than those which cultured on the filter. Germination experiment should carry out at 25℃, with light and between paper. Seeds germinate potential should calculate after the germination experiment progressing 9 days. When planting, salt concentration of the planting seedling field could not above 3 g/L, otherwise the germination would be affected.

  Study on Germination of Caragana korshinskii Seeds with Different Storage Years 2012, 2 (1):  4-7.  Abstract + ( 1828 )   PDF ( 657KB )   ( 1654 ) The germination rate and speed of Caragana korshinskii seeds with different storage years were tested to investigate the effects of storage years on seeds, find effective storage year of Caragana korshinskii seeds, and provide basis for the store and use of Caragana korshinskii germplasm resource. The results showed that the germination rate of Caragana korshinskii seeds with 1 storage year was the highest (about 99%), and the seeds were best for forestation. The germination rate of the seeds with 2 storage years was about 92.7% and the viability was passable. But the viability of the seeds with more than 3 storage years decreased very quickly, and the seeds with 4 storage years did not have germinating ability and could not be used for forestation.

  The Integrated Technology and Benefit Analysis of Establishing High-yielding Rape in Yunnan 2012, 2 (1):  8-11.  Abstract + ( 6546 )   PDF ( 512KB )   ( 2123 ) Based on the definite rape varieties in the project area, according to the higherseedrate, the high cost of field management and low utilization of fertilizer and pesticide of the traditional rape in the production. After many years of accumulated experience, Agricultural Technique Extension Station, Long Yang District has a set of synthesized technology integration of high-efficiency production which includes minimum tillage and no-tillage cultivation，the ditching with machine, suitable sowing time, a one-off thinning and ascertaining quantities seedling, simplifying efficient fertilizer treatments, by unifying management to breeding strong seedlings, machinery prevent aphids ,and so on, and screened two early maturity, high quality, high yield and with stronger drought rape varieties-cloud oil hybrid 2, cloud attar 9, which were extended in the rape production areas and similar climate surrounding earlier maturity rape areas in Yunnan, and have lifted expanding of rape planting area. The project established the high-yielding sample rape area of 680 hectares, the average yield was 3478.5kg/hm2, which increased by 18.6% with compared non-demonstration zone, the average yield increased 545.1kg/hm2, the new total output was 370,500kg, the value was 185.33 million yuan，and reduced expenses of 825yuan/ hm2, rape area of 680 hectares may reduce 56.1 million yuan , by the widespread radiation and driving, the average yield increasing of rapeseed was 150-225kg/hm2, which brought very significant economic benefits and social benefits.

  Study on Biological Characteristics and Population Dynamics of Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in Growing Vegetables in the Suburbs Li Dalin 2012, 2 (1):  12-17.  Abstract + ( 1317 )   PDF ( 762KB )   ( 1547 ) In order to explore the biological characteristics and population dynamics of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in growing vegetables in the suburbs, and improve monitoring and control techniques, using rearing and trapping adult whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) with oil painting yellow plastic plates during 2005-2010, the results showed that: whitefly can occur 11 generations in Linhai area of mid-Zhejiang Province and generations overlap seriously, the formation of began to gradual increase in June and rapid increase after July, and peaked from August to September, and fall as temperatures after mid-October in population by rearing indoor, and by monitoring outdoor the formation of adults can occur a year in greenhouse ,and can be to the overwinter of 20% in the open, its overwinter critical temperature is 8-8.5℃ (60 days average temperature from mid-December to mid-February next year) . Annual population dynamics of whitefly can be described by bimodal curve, and the peak times is synchronization between in the open and greenhouse, the summer peak usually appears during mid-May and early September, and the autumn peak usually comes between mid-October and late November. There are three main factors effecting whitefly population: base population, climate, farming system and flood inundation. The most important factor is temperature，the whitefly population density (M)is changing with temperature (T℃), the linear relationship can be described by model: M=0.607T-4.0645, n=36; r=0.6826**, and the curve model is M = 0.0071T2+0.3513T-2.2188, n=36; r=0.6846**. When 10 days average temperature between 8-10℃, the whitefly population is in survival critical situation；and 10 days average temperature between 10-20℃, the population density will keep small, when 10 days average temperature above 20℃, the population will increase very fast with the increasing of temperature, but 10 days average temperature keeps above 30℃, the whitefly population will decrease to a comparative bust. Afterword, the population will increase to the peak again, and cause heavy damage of autumn vegetable production.

  The Study of the Effects and Techniques of Pheromone Lures on Main Pests in the Broccoli Field 2012, 2 (1):  18-25.  Abstract + ( 2508 )   PDF ( 715KB )   ( 1945 ) In order to explore the control effect and technique of trapping pests by sex pheromone and improve the application of pheromone technology in the broccoli field as well as their effects in a large scale, lures, special gyplur and traps were combined to lure pests based on the surveillance of population dynamic of Spodoptera litura Fabricius, Spodoptera exigua Hübner and Plutella xylostella L. The results showed that population number fluctuation Spodoptera litura F., Spodoptera exigua H. and Plutella xylostella L. in the production periods in Linhai area of Taizhou showed ‘W’ shape, growth time of seedling (between June and August), rosette stages and bud growth time (late September to late December), harvest stage of late broccoli (after early March). In the period of seeding, Spodoptera exigua H. and Spodoptera litura F. did some harm to broccoli; At the rosette stages and bud growth time, Spodoptera exigua H. and Putella xylostella L together brought harm; In late harvest time, Plutella xylostella L. did harm to the little nosegay bouquet on the branch. The study of killing Spodoptera litura F., Spodoptera exigua H. and Plutella xylostella L. based on different combination of gyplure showed that, the combination A and combination E was he best way to kill the pests, more than 84 pests were generally killed every 667 m2 and the kinds of pest could be controlled. Taking gyplure produced in Ningbo as an example, the combination form should be pattern S, Spodoptera exigua H. also pattern S and Plutella xylostella L. blue pattern and in the field the combination should be displayed a formation of a quincunx, the in-between distance was 10-20 m. The treatment was the hang height for noctuids was 50 m (for young noctuids, 20 m), lure changes every 30-40 days. Large-scaled application of this combination had good effects on killing pests.In the period of seeding, asparagus caterpillar and spodoptera litura do some harm to broccoli; At the Rosette stages and bud growth time, asparagus caterpillar and putella xylostella L together brings harm; In late harvest time,plutella xylostella L does harm to the little nosegay bouquet on the branch. The study of killing spodoptera litura（Fabricius）, asparagus caterpillar and plutella xylostella L. based on different combination of gyplure shows that, the Combination A and Combination B is he best way to kill the pests, more than 180 pests are generally killed every 667m2 and the kinds of pest can be controlled. Taking gyplure produced in Ningbo as the example, the combination form should be Pattern B,laphygma exigua also Pattern B and plutella xylostella L. Blue Pattern and in the field the combination should be displayed a formation of a quincunx, the in-between distance is between 10 meters and 20 meters. The treatment is the hang height for noctuids is 50 meters( for young noctuids, 20meters) , lure changes every 30 0r 40 days. Large-scaled application of this combination has good effects on killing pests.

  Investigation and Study of Rural Biogas Development in Core 2012, 2 (1):  26-30.  Abstract + ( 1894 )   PDF ( 566KB )   ( 1884 ) For a comprehensive understanding of rural biogas development status and issues, our household biogas for 2003-2010 in Shangluo construction, small-scale biogas projects, large and middle scale biogas engineering, construction, usage of the service network, project efficiency was investigated. Results showed that household biogas utilization as a 67.73%, to faeces as the main raw materials and 91.67%; defends 78.52%,73.1% pool farmer biogas fertilizer rates on comprehensive evaluation of biogas as well; farming community biogas normal usage for 67.5% and lianhu, large investment in biogas engineering usage 83.33%, biogas residue, effective utilization of biogas; 50% rural service network basic non-operating income. Through analysis came, mountain biogas construction in the exists of main is households with biogas using rate low, and small biogas engineering construction not specification concentrated gas supply difficulty large, and large farm biogas engineering problem highlight, and follow-up service with not Shang dot difficult to run, and "three biogas" of using efficiency low, made has increased publicity intensity, and increased funds inputs, and strengthening system construction, and specification farm biogas project construction, and strengthening policy protection five article promote biogas career health development of countermeasures.

  Rural Environment Education of Low-carbon Perspective 2012, 2 (1):  31-34.  Abstract + ( 1466 )   PDF ( 517KB )   ( 1704 ) In order to protect ecology and environment in rural areas, building low-carbon country and "resource-saving and environment-friendly" society, improve capacity of rural social and economic sustainable development, we have researched the environmental education in rural areas. Then, we have summarized questions of environmental education in current rural areas of China, such as less forms or means, inadequate policy support, low capacity environmental education, etc. Finally, we have proposed improvements as following: innovate more ways of environmental education, conduct various forms of environmental education, innovative environmental form of publicity, strengthen the legal system of rural environmental education, train rural primary and secondary school teachers and staffs of environmental protection, improve abilities of rural environmental education and enhance guidance to promote low-carbon agricultural technology.

  Study on the Aero-anion Concentrations and the Change Law of Bamboo Forest 2012, 2 (1):  35-38.  Abstract + ( 1592 )   PDF ( 611KB )   ( 1903 ) In order to explore the air quality situation in bamboo forest and the relationship of air quality and environmental factors, the author researched the diurnal variation of aero-anion concentration in bamboo forest, and analyzed the relationship between aero-anion concentration and temperature, relative humidity and other environmental factors further. The tests completed by List-style hygrometer TES-1362 made in Taiwan and aero-anion concentration detector ITC-201A made in Japan. The results showed that the aero-anions concentration of 3 kinds of bamboo from February to May. The ground bamboo was 357.58/cm3. The single bamboo was 484.75/cm3. The clumping bamboo was 398.3/cm3. The average aero-anions concentration of bamboo was 413.54/cm3. The general trend of the aero-anions concentration in 3 kinds of bamboo increased firstly and then declined and was positively correlated with temperature and was negatively correlated with humidity.

  Study on the Compensation Problems and Relevant Countermeasures of Trees and Saplings in Land Expropriation of Beijing 2012, 2 (1):  39-42.  Abstract + ( 1642 )   PDF ( 506KB )   ( 1683 ) In recent years, with the rapid development of Beijing's economic construction, the process of rural urbanization has been accelerating, and the scale of land acquisition and resettlement get increased, in which process the estimate dissension of the trees and saplings and planting density appear to be a tough issue. With much fieldwork experience, the author analyzed this tangled problem and raised the proposal involving the concept change of the villagers, the establishment of scientific estimate system and the improvement of government functions, protecting the interests of the demolition, such that to promote project’s advance and realize the harmonious development of the society.

  Investigation on the Woody Vegetable Resources in Tianjin 2012, 2 (1):  43-47.  Abstract + ( 2037 )   PDF ( 583KB )   ( 1940 ) The woody vegetable is a promising resource in the nutritional value of food, medicinal health value, economic value and eco-tourism value. In order to promote protection and utilization of the woody vegetable resources, the woody vegetable resources in Tianjin were studied, according to field investigation, oral probe from native, market research as well as reviewing widely literature. The results showed that a total of 41 species of common woody vegetable resources were investigated in Tianjin, which belong to 23 families and 35 genera. The number of Papilionaceae, Rosaceae and Salicaceae had largest species (15), accounting for about 36.6% of the total number. The number of Anacardiaceae, Magnoliaceae, Ulmaceae, Rutaceae, Celastraceae and Actinidiaceae had the next largest species (12), accounting for about 29.3% of the total. Among these 22 species were native plants, belonging to 15 families, 20 genera, accounting for 53.7% of the total, and the other 19 species accounting for 46.3% were introduced from other regions of China because of viewing or green. It is found that the species of native plant was larger than that of other regions of China. The feasibility of the development and the role in the modern agriculture of woody vegetable resources was analyzed. Finally the development suggestions of woody vegetable resources were proposed.

  Effect of Three Plant Extracts on Quality of Garlic Stem during Shelf Life 2012, 2 (1):  48-52.  Abstract + ( 1669 )   PDF ( 584KB )   ( 1760 ) A new method to control post-harvest diseases of garlic stem, extend the shelf life of garlic stem and maintain its quality was studied. After being immersed in the solution containing 1.5% citral, 0.4% geraniol or 1.5% thymol respectively, ‘Cangshandatiantai’ garlic stems were stored at 25℃. Indicators were determined at regular intervals. The results showed that all treatments can inhibit the decay and senescence of garlic stem significantly. The loss of water content, soluble solids content, vitamin C and chlorophyll were also delayed by treatments. So good color was maintained and the loss of nutrients was reduced. 1.5% citral showed highest level of efficacy in maintaining the quality of garlic stem followed by 1.5% thymol and 0.4% geraniol. Studies showed that all three treatments can maintain the quality of garlic stem and extend the shelf life of garlic stem.

  Comparison on Growth Performance of Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) Strain of ‘Chang Jiang 1’ 2012, 2 (1):  53-57.  Abstract + ( 1546 )   PDF ( 563KB )   ( 1725 ) Several experiments had been conducted to study the growing performance between the new strain of Erocheir sinensis named ‘Chang Jiang 1’ and common crab under the conditions of same culture environment, same feeding management, same stocking density. The results showed that the average size and the survival rate were not significant difference between ‘Chang Jiang 1’ and common crab at age 1, the proportion of precocious puberty of ‘Chang Jiang 1’ than common crab was reduced by 5%. The growth was faster for ‘Chang Jiang 1’ than that for common crab at age 2. The average weight increased by 21.64% and there was extremely significant difference (P<0.01), yield an average improvement of 21.22%. The daily growth rate of F5 was improved 22.73% over that of control line and the variation coefficient of body weight was reduced 19.14%. Continuous production of the second anniversary of the comparative test results showed that the ‘Chang Jiang 1’ grew fast, neat group size, breeding survival rate was high, increased yield, welcomed by the majority of farmers, markets and industrial applications prospects.The growth was faster for “Chang Jiang 1 ” than that for common crab at age 2.The average weight increased by 21.64% and there was extremely significant difference ( P < 0.01 ), yield an average improvement of 21.22%. The daily growth rate of F5 was improved 22．73％ over that of control line and the variation coefficient of body weight was reduced 19.14％ ．Continuous production of the second anniversary of the comparative test results show that the " Chang Jiang 1 " grow fast, neat group size, breeding survival rate is high, increase yield, welcomed by the majority of farmers, markets and industrial applications prospects.

  Empirical Analysis on Influencing Factors of Grain Output in Jiangsu Province 2012, 2 (1):  58-63.  Abstract + ( 1711 )   PDF ( 705KB )   ( 1780 ) To explore the reasonable devotion that is agricultural factor of grain production of Jiangsu Province and the 3 major regions, based on the economic regionalization results in Jiangsu Province, the paper calculated the grey relevancy between grain output and the elements of agricultural production in Jiangsu Province and the 3 major regions. The difference of the mean value of input element of grain production in the 3 major regions was tested by using Kruskal-Wallis examination method, and analyzed the regional disparities. Results indicate the obvious difference of the correlative degree and the correlation order between grain output and the elements of agricultural production from the various regions, the difference of the mean value of input element of per-unit grain output also differ in different regions. At the basic of that, this paper thinks that Jiangsu Province grows stable grain the area, develop large-scale management, implement the agricultural benefits of policy, and increase the level of unit production to make sure the steady growth of grain production in Jiangsu Province.

  Study on Construction and Development of the Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Tibet 2012, 2 (1):  64-68.  Abstract + ( 1690 )   PDF ( 524KB )   ( 1925 ) With the research foundation of the development of agricultural science and technology park, which play a promoting role for the agricultural development. The thesis clarifies the construction and development of the Tibet agricultural science and technology park based on deepen analysis and research. Based on the large areas, distribution of dispersed population, illustrate the function of sci-tech demonstration, farmers and herders training and technology radiation of the agricultural science and technology park which is small quantity in Tibet. Ideas for the construction of developing appropriate scale and highlighting the special agricultural science and technology park, it can effectively promote the rapid development of agriculture and animal husbandry and agricultural modernization process by accelerating the development and construction of Tibet agricultural sci-tech parks. It can effectively promote the new technologies of modern agricultural spread in the vast rural areas, improving the technological contribution to agricultural development, accelerating the pace of new agricultural technology, to achieve social and economic leap-forward development through fostering the type of variety of agricultural science and technology park construction in Tibet.

  Problem and Countermeasures on Development of Xi’an Professional Farmers 2012, 2 (1):  69-73.  Abstract + ( 1493 )   PDF ( 570KB )   ( 1766 ) Nowadays, the earnings rate of agricultural is low and the farmers take the farming as a part-time job. The high-quality farmers who take the farming as full-time job become less and less. In order to figure out the effect and countermeasures of urbanization and industrialization procedure on the farmers, the author investigated and analyzed the situation of commercial farmer and the relating factors which constricted the farmer professionalization by statistic investigation, sample survey and expert evaluation. The results indicated that the total number of professional farmers was comparative small, they were not well educated and with elder average age. The factors which constricted the farmers’ professionalization were as follows: the professional farmers were not well qualified; the education for them was much harder; the finance could not meet the capital needs; the land could not negotiated normally; agricultural cooperative size was small and so on. In order to expand the team of high quality farmers, it was very important to strengthen the cultivation of professional farmers, take measures to develop the farmers’ certification system, strengthen agricultural technology training, support the farmers’ professional cooperative, give special policy and financial support, establish the land user rights transfer system and then alleviate the effect on the agricultural production caused by the number and quality famers decrease.

  Researches on Decision of Technology Purchased R & D Mode of Seed Enterprise 2012, 2 (1):  74-78.  Abstract + ( 1535 )   PDF ( 538KB )   ( 2057 ) The main content of this thesis was to improve the technology purchased problem of multi-criteria decision of seed enterprise that was a process of selecting, judging and decision making. The author selected ranking of comparison trial of breeds, user evaluation, area examined and approved, disease resistance, and product properties as evaluation index, utilized AHP method and obtained the weight of these index for comparison of technology or breed purchasing intended and decision making. The results of this research suggested that problem of multi-criteria decision of seed enterprise could be resolved by applying AHP method, the author drew the conclusions that the technology purchased R & D mode was a important way to obtain technology, the enterprise generally should have much money, the abilities of high level of distinguishing and obtaining technology, strong ability of market development, enterprise should choose proper method to promote the level of decision, and decreased the risk of managing.