Current issue

• 2017 Vol.7 No.11 Published:28 November 2017

  Row Spacing and Density: Effects on Yield and Quality of Semi-dwarf Soybean Variety‘Henong76’ 2017, 7 (11):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030043 Abstract + ( 1400 )   PDF ( 1145KB )   ( 693 ) The objective of this experiment is to study the effects of row spacing and density on the yield and quality of new bean variety‘Henong76’, and clarify the optimum planting density at different row spacing. Split spot design was conducted in the research with row spacing as the main plot, including 30 cm and 45 cm row spacing, planting density was as the sub-plot including 300000, 350000, 400000, 450000, and 500000 plants/hm2, identified as D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5, respectively. The results showed that soybean yield first increased, and then decreased with the increasing planting density. D2 treatment (350000 plants/hm2) had the highest yield compared with other treatments. Moreover, there was no lodging problem for‘Henong76’under D2 treatment. The optimum planting density was 380000 plants/hm2 at 45 cm row spacing, and the yield was 3289.79 kg/hm2. The optimum planting density was 371800 plants/hm2 at 30 cm row spacing, and the yield was 3211.96 kg/hm2. The contents of protein and fat decreased along with the increasing planting density. D1 treatment obtained the highest content of protein and fat. Taken together, for‘Henong76’, the optimal planting density was 380000 plants/hm2 at 45 cm row spacing, or 371800 plants/hm2 at 30 cm row spacing.

  Advance in Plant Transformation Method Assisted by Ultrasonic 2017, 7 (11):  6-13.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16120034 Abstract + ( 907 )   PDF ( 1172KB )   ( 1155 ) To evaluate the efficiency and potential development capacity of ultrasonic treatment for plant transformation, we started with the principle of ultrasonic- assisted plant transformation, summarized the validation of method, the receptor materials of ultrasonic treatment and the effects of ultrasonic treatment on exogenous DNA. Then, the research progresses in ultrasonic-assisted plant transformation were reviewed, and the advantages as well as disadvantages and existing problems of the method were discussed. Our results indicated that although the development of ultrasonic-assisted plant transformation was still in the primary stage, it demonstrated that the method was a simple, time-saving, labour-saving and widely applied plant transformation approach. Moreover, we proposed respective solution to the existing problems. Taken together, we consider that ultrasonic-assisted plant transformation method has broad development prospect.

  Soil Nutrients Analyses and Comprehensive Evaluation on Soil Fertility in Longxian Tobacco-growing Areas 2017, 7 (11):  14-18.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17040002 Abstract + ( 575 )   PDF ( 1266KB )   ( 626 ) To investigate the nutrient status in tobacco planting soils in Longxian, 121 soil samples were collected, the abundance or deficiency condition of soil nutrients was analyzed by classics statistical approach and mathematical principle of principal component analysis, and soil comprehensive fertility was evaluated. The results showed that the contents of soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and available magnesium were rich, while the contents of available zinc, organic matter and chloride were at the low side, the pH value was at the high side, and soil nutrient contents varied much among areas in Longxian. The soil fertility indexes (SFI) in Longxian were mainly in middle and relatively high groups, Xinjichuan and Caojiawan had the highest SFI. Based on SFI, Longxian tobacco-growing areas could be classified into 3 groups. Group Ⅲ included Badu and Chengguan; group Ⅱ included Dongnan and Wenshui; group Ⅲ included Caojiawan, Tiancheng and Xinjichuan. Therefore, the soil nutrient management should be carried out according to‘controlling N, firming P and K, increasing organic carbon, replenishing trace elements’, and the application of chloride fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and organic manure should be properly increased, which could provide suitable nutrient environment for improving yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.

  Heavy Metals of Soil-tea System in Southwest Tea Area: Research Status and Trend 廖敦秀, and 刘小平 2017, 7 (11):  19-22.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17040010 Abstract + ( 1023 )   PDF ( 1149KB )   ( 1003 ) Located in southwest China, the southwest tea area is the oldest tea area in China and has Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing as the main tea producing provinces. To understand soil heavy metal content of this area, the authors reviewed and summarized related literatures, and proposed the research direction of heavy metals of soil-tea system. The results showed that, in general, the heavy metals’contents in southwest tea area were acceptable, but the content of cadmium and mercury exceeded the limit standard (GB 15618- 2008) in some tea planting areas. The heavy metal forms were mainly water-soluble state, exchangeable state, organic bound state, iron-manganese oxidation state, carbonate state and residual state, the forms of watersoluble state and exchangeable state had higher bio-availability and were significantly affected by soil pH value. The migration of heavy metals in tea-soil system was influenced by tea garden management mode, soil physical and chemical properties, year of plantation and tea plant. Therefore, it is important to enhance the study on the transport and transformation of heavy metal in soil-tea system and construct heavy metal pollution forecast system.

  Effects of Straw Mulching on Water and Salt Movement in Coastal Saline-alkali Soil 2017, 7 (11):  23-26.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17080005 Abstract + ( 701 )   PDF ( 1189KB )   ( 603 ) To study the effect of straw mulching on the dynamic changes of soil salt content, moisture and the pH value in coastal saline-alkali soil, a straw mulching test (FG) was carried out, and no mulching was used as CK. The results showed that straw mulching could reduce the soil salt content by 16.09% and 7.26% in 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layer, and increase the soil water content by 69.21% and 59.08%, respectively. Thus, straw mulching could effectively improve coastal saline-alkali soil, reduce the soil moisture evaporation, improve the water use efficiency, and to a certain extent, inhibit surface accumulation of salt, so as to achieve the purposeof improving the coastal saline-alkali land.

  Effects of Spraying Linolenic Acid on Growth and General Chemical Components of Tobacco‘K326’ 2017, 7 (11):  27-30.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030006 Abstract + ( 655 )   PDF ( 1232KB )   ( 828 ) To determine the effects of linolenic acid (LA) on growth and general chemical components of tobacco‘K326’, the activities of POD and SOD in leaves, agronomic traits and general chemical components of tobacco treated with LA in Xuchang and Zunyi were analyzed. Results showed that, SOD activities and proline contents were raised in tobacco leaves after 10 mmol/L LA treatment. Plant height and leaf number were also increased. Leaf number was increased by 1.91 in Xuchang and by 2.85 in Zunyi, respectively. The sugar alkali ratio tended to be 10, thus to harmonize the inner chemical components

  9 Asparagus Varieties in Fujian: Adaptability Analysis 2017, 7 (11):  31-34.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17010013 Abstract + ( 754 )   PDF ( 1192KB )   ( 726 ) The paper aims to select suitable Asparagus varieties in warm area. The authors studied the differences of agronomic traits, disease resistance and cold tolerance at plant stage of 9 Asparagus varieties‘( New Dynasty F1’, ‘Dabaoli F1’,‘Gelande F1’,‘Thielim F1’,‘Gijnlim F1’,‘UC157 F2’,‘Jinggang 701’,‘Jingganghong’and ‘Jinglvlu No.1’). The results showed that: the plant height, stem number, stem diameter and first branch height of‘Gelande F1’was 127.0 cm, 8.2, 9.2 mm and 37.8 cm, respectively, and‘Gelande F1’was the most suitable variety to be planted in Fujian due to its closer shoot, strong growth, higher disease resistance and high cold resistance; the agronomic traits such as shoot, growth, plant height, stem diameter and first branch height of ‘Gijnlim F1’,‘Jinglvlu No.1’,‘Dabaoli F1’and‘New Dynasty F1’were relatively good, with strong disease resistance and cold resistance, and were suitable for cultivation in Fujian;‘Jingganghong’could be a specific variety with purple tetraploid and strong stems, but its number of stems was relatively low.

  Content Analysis of Fatty Acids and Amino Acids in Peach Kernel 2017, 7 (11):  35-41.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030033 Abstract + ( 646 )   PDF ( 1260KB )   ( 540 ) The paper aims to understand the nutrients of peach kernel from a comprehensive way. Kernels of different peach varieties were collected as experimental materials to determine the content and composition of fatty acids by gas chromatography method and the content and composition of amino acids by automatic amino acid analyzer. It was indicated that unsaturated fatty acids were the main composition of peach fat which made up an average of 95.02% of the total fatty acids (single unsaturated fatty acid made up an average of 67.80% of the total fatty acids), whereas the content of saturated fatty acids was low. There were 18 kinds of amino acids contained in peach kernel, and among that the content of essential amino acid was 25.73%, medicinal amino acid was 76.64%, and fragrance-producing amino acid was 31.37%. Besides, glutamic acid had the highest content on average, whereas threonine and lysine were the limiting amino acids.

  Elements Content of Medicinal Plant Radix Codonopsis lanceolatae of Different Growth Years 仉劲,, and 2017, 7 (11):  42-45.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17020001 Abstract + ( 761 )   PDF ( 1214KB )   ( 589 ) The paper aims to study the change law of elements content of medicinal plant Radix Codonopsis lanceolatae of different growth years. The contents of macro-element K, Ca, Na, Mg and trace element Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Cd, Pb, V, Sn were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry using nitric acid as digestion agent for microwave digestion. The macroelements and trace elements of Radix Codonopsis lanceolatae of different growth years and different cultivars were compared. The results showed that, the content of Ca and Mg increased with the growth years; the content of Na increased first and then decreased with the growth years; the content of K had no significant change with the growth years, and the content of K of two years plant was the highest, which was 20.94 g/kg. The content of Cu, Cd and Sn increased first and then decreased with the growth years, but the content of Fe and Cr decreased first and then increased. The content of Zn, Mn and Ni showed a decreasing tendency with the growth years, and the content of Co, Pb and V showed a low-high-low-high trend with the growth years.

  Advances in the Effects of Man-made Noise on Fish 宋红桥 and 2017, 7 (11):  46-50.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17060001 Abstract + ( 1378 )   PDF ( 1068KB )   ( 1754 ) With the rapid development of global aquaculture, fish welfare has received increasing attention. Man-made noise is one of the rising research objects. With the expansion of industrial activities, people have gradually realized the stress effect of man-made noise on fishes. We described the principle of fish hearing as well as research advances in effects of man- made noise on fish hearing, information masking, behavior, physiology and biochemistry. Finally, we suggested that noise research should be expanded to more species, and the development of corresponding equipment should be accelerated.

  Analysis of Flavour Compounds of White Pepper During Processing 2017, 7 (11):  51-61.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17040017 Abstract + ( 689 )   PDF ( 1407KB )   ( 928 ) To explore the formation of off-flavour compounds, the ?avour components of white pepper were analyzed at different processing steps. Using the fresh pepper fruit as raw material, the static and exchanging water soaking methods were used for processing white pepper. The flavour compounds were extracted by headspace solid phase micro-extraction and steam distillation, and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The flavour composition and differences were analyzed for the samples of soaking 3 days, 6 days and the final products. The results showed that 167 compounds were detected in white pepper corn and the content of β-caryophyllene was the highest, ranging from 20.64% to 28.31% of relative content. Secondly, limonene content was between 6.89% and 11.24%.The off-flavour compound (3-methyl indole) was detected in white pepper prepared by soaking in static water. A total of 31 compounds were detected in white pepper essential oil, in which terpenoids such as 3-carene (21.94%-24.64%), β-caryophyllene (17.51%-22.21%), limonene (18.04%-19.26%), β-pinene (9.63%-10.67%) were the major flavour components of white pepper. The off-flavour could be detected in static water soaking for 3 days, but the off-flavour were not found in the white pepper prepared from exchanging water.

  Flipped Class Based on Micro-Course in Farmers’Training 陈程程,, and 于合龙 2017, 7 (11):  62-66.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17010022 Abstract + ( 577 )   PDF ( 1181KB )   ( 579 ) Professional farmers training is very important to develop modern agriculture which could increase farmers’ income. The existing farmer training model need highly training costs but poor effect. Therefore, combining the Massive Open Online Courses and Internet technology, put forward a training model based on micro course and flipped classroom. The model has two basic points. First, the courses were oriented to agriculture problem and implemented on the Internet platform. Second, before the class ,the farmers watch the online course，meanwhile the agriculture expert finish the knowledge delivering. On the class, farmers finish absorption process of internalization by farmer questioning and expert answering. In this paper, discussed the new model, and then analyzed a case. The practical application shows that this model is conformed with characteristics of farmers, since it’s low cost and training effectiveness. It is a beneficial exploration of the Internet + farmers’ training.

  Two Winter Rainstorms Resulting in Agricultural Disaster in Guangxi: Moist Potential Vorticity Analysis 2017, 7 (11):  67-73.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16120024 Abstract + ( 564 )   PDF ( 2127KB )   ( 530 ) To improve the accuracy of winter rainstorm forecasting, timely provide weather service for the government and people, and reduce the loss of agricultural production, the authors did real-time analysis, synoptic analysis, diagnosis analysis of moist potential vorticity (MPV) of 2 winter rainstorms resulting in agricultural disasters occurred on January 27 to 28, 2016 and December 13 to 16, 2013 in Guangxi, by using the precipitation data from automatic weather stations and NECP FNL analysis data. The results showed that: the rainstorm occurred in negative or near the zero line before the positive side of MPV1 and the low zone of the south of MPV2 negative center; MPV1 and MPV2 had some indicating significance for the 2 types of precipitation areas, MPV1 center could not decide the frontal rainstorm precipitation fall area, but had the forecast potentiality for precipitation, MPV2 could forecast the occurrence of heavy rain in advance. MPV isoline-intensive area, the meet of cold and warm air strongly is beneficial to moisture convergence, and the development of vertical vorticity is easy to produce rainstorm.

  Landscape Plants in Beijing: Introduction and Planting History 杨洪杰 and 2017, 7 (11):  74-79.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030035 Abstract + ( 1006 )   PDF ( 1126KB )   ( 947 ) Plants are important elements of agricultural production and ecological environment construction. Landscape plants have certain ornamental values, which can make the environment beautiful and enrich people’s life. Introduction and domestication of plants can make landscape plant resources of Beijing more various, and also promote culture exchanges on plant. Based on the analysis of plant resources in Beijing, plants planted during a long time in the history were studied through textual research. Most landscape plants in Beijing were investigated in order to know how and when they were planted in the gardens of Beijing in the long history, which could help to make decision on introduction and domestication of other appropriate plants in the future.

  Research on Agricultural Cultural Heritage from the Perspective of Ethnic Regional Development ——Take the Traditional Production System of Chongqing Shizhu Coptis Chinensis as an Example 2017, 7 (11):  80-85.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17080002 Abstract + ( 848 )   PDF ( 1080KB )   ( 638 ) GIAHS is a concept proposed by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization,the aim is to protect the unique land system and ecological agriculture landscape in the countryside. The traditional production system of Chongqing Shizhu Coptis chinensis is a representative agricultural cultural heritage project in Southwest China, which is based on the requirements of the global important agricultural cultural heritage, It is an important part of the ecological protection experimentation area for Tujia and Miao Nationalities in Wuling mountain area of Southeast Chongqing, it can effectively protect and promote the production and industrialization of Coptis chinensis, it has many values, such as ecology and environment, economy and production, society and culture, scientific research and education, demonstration and popularization. It can promote local economic and humanistic development in Shizhu county, in order to realize poverty alleviation and prosperity in Shizhu County, it provides a new way to lead GIAHS project.

  Study on Development Trend of New Hosting Application Agricultural Organization And Socialization Service 宁文宇,胡钧铭,陈胜男,张雅婷,李婷婷,何铁光 and 韦翔华 2017, 7 (11):  86-89.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17070015 Abstract + ( 789 )   PDF ( 1036KB )   ( 711 ) The development of market economy and labor transfer lead to shortage of rural labor and agricultural productivity decline. Who and how to cultivate land in future has become an important factor restricting the development of rural economy and the stabilization of the society. This paper combines the domestic and foreign literature, which analyzed the development process and type of agricultural social service in various countries, and looked forward to the development trend of the new type of managed agricultural social service organizations among the problems of China''s current agricultural social service organizations. The article provides theoretical and strategic thinking for the transformation of agricultural structure and agricultural social services in the new period of our country, to alleviate the contradictions in agricultural society and accelerated the development of rural economy.

  Factors Affecting the Cognition of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products and the Consumption Willingness: A Case Study of Yantai Consumers 2017, 7 (11):  90-94.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17050007 Abstract + ( 666 )   PDF ( 1257KB )   ( 604 ) With the gradual improvement in the degree of commercialization of agricultural products, agricultural consumption becomes increasingly important in urban and rural consumption dual structure. [Objective]In order to improve the awareness of consumers'' quality and safety of agricultural products and promote consumer behavior, [Method]the cross-statistics description and optimal scale regression model were used to analyze the factors affecting the quality and safety of urban and rural consumers in Yantai City, and the differences between urban and rural areas Compare.[Result]The results show that there are significant differences in the level of the cognition of quality and safety of agricultural products in urban and rural areas, which is mainly affected by factors such as age, education and income level. In addition, the safety awareness of agricultural products has a significant impact on consumption will of safe agricultural products. Although most respondents expressed strong willingness to buy, most people are only willing to pay for safe agricultural products 10% higher than the price of ordinary agricultural products. [Conclusion]The research results are of great practical significance to explore the integration of urban and rural consumption, especially to solve the dual structure of urban and rural agricultural consumption.

  Present Situation and Prospect of Agricultural Development in Thailand 雍熙, and 李干琼 2017, 7 (11):  95-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030010 Abstract + ( 1058 )   PDF ( 1312KB )   ( 2106 ) Thailand is a country along‘The Belt and Road’and with rich agricultural resources, unique social and economic resources. It is of theoretical value and practical significance to grasp agricultural development state and trend of Thailand for developing agricultural trade between China and Thailand. The authors analyzed the present situation of agriculture production in Thailand from farming, animal husbandry and fishery, introduced its agricultural industrial layout and trade situation, studied its scientific research and management organization of agriculture, and discussed its development direction of agriculture. Under the background of‘The Belt and Road’, the results of this paper can provide certain references for agriculture cooperation between China and Thailand in the future.