Current issue

• 2017 Vol.7 No.9 Published:15 September 2017

  Study on Filament Vigor of Maize at Different Day Ages 2017, 7 (9):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16120021 Abstract + ( 1511 )   PDF ( 1239KB )   ( 1498 ) In recent years, under the influence of the high temperature, some maize varieties showed a serious phenomenon of no seed. In this experiment, we took two new varieties ‘Xundan 518’ and ‘Yongyou 618’ as our main materials, and we mainly studied the silk vigor in the current climate. By choosing silks of different day ages for artificial pollination, we took statistics on the ear length, the ear diameter, barren tip, 100 grain weight, spike grain number and spike grain weight after the harvest. With the increasing of the silk age, spike grain number and spike grain weight showed an upward trend at first, peaked from the second to fourth day, then declined slowly; the ear diameter and 100 grain weight showed a downward trend; all the silks put forth within two days. After the correlation coefficient analysis among all the traits, we found that the spike grain number had a maximal relationship with the spike grain weight. Because of the long duration of silk vigor and high yield under high temperature, ‘Xundan 518’ and ‘Yongyou 618’ are the new heat-tolerance varieties

  Effects of Sowing Depth on Seeding Emergence Percentage and dry matter accumulation in Millet 2017, 7 (9):  6-13.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17050018 Abstract + ( 1429 )   PDF ( 1388KB )   ( 1395 ) This study aims at determining the optimum sowing depth of millet and observing the deep-sowing tolerant difference among different millet varieties under different sowing depth. The authors investigated three sowing depth (2 cm, 5 cm, 8 cm) in this study, and studied their effects on the seedling emergence rate and dry matter accumulation in‘Jingu 21’,‘Changgu 1501’and‘Changsheng 07 ’. The result showed that the seedling emergence rate decreased with the increase of sowing depth. The emergence rate of‘Changgu 1501’ was higher than that of the other two varieties at 8 cm sowing depth. The rate of dry matter accumulation of the three varieties all showed a“slow- fast- slow”model; the peak was at the grain filling stage. Dry matter accumulation of all varieties at 8 cm sowing depth was lower than that of the other two sowing depth. At this sowing depth, dry matter accumulation of‘Changgu 1501’was higher than that of the other two varieties, and the economic coefficient of‘Changgu 1501’was better. Taken together, the optimum sowing depth is 2-5 cm, ‘Changgu 1501’has better deep-sowing tolerance, and the sowing depth has significant effects on seedling emergence rate and dry matter accumulation of millet.

  Research Progress of the Function of Sex Pheromone Binding Protein in Insects 2017, 7 (9):  14-20.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16110038 Abstract + ( 1235 )   PDF ( 1227KB )   ( 1521 ) The olfactory system plays an important role in the life of insects. Insects identify the chemical signals released by the environment and internal, which rely on the olfactory proteins, and accomplish the life activities such as mating, avoiding predators. In recent years, many olfactory genes have been identified with the development of transcriptome sequencing technology. It has been paid much attention by researchers due to the particularity and importance of sex pheromone binding protein. At present, the rich scientific methods, such as voltage clamp, RNAi, EAG , have made the different elaboration to the olfactory protein function, and made some new discoveries, but there are still some problems to be solved urgently. According to the research progress at home and abroad in recent years，the physical and chemical properties, expression patterns and the relationships with other olfactory proteins were reviewed in this paper.

  Pinus massoniana: The Relationship Between Tree Growth, Herb Bio-diversity and Terrains 2017, 7 (9):  21-25.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17060013 Abstract + ( 1015 )   PDF ( 1147KB )   ( 1443 ) To better protect herb bio-diversity, the relationships between the growth of Pinus massoniana, herb bio-diversity and terrains were studied by field investigations, calculation and analysis. The results showed that: (1) there were significant and highly significant correlations among Pinus massoniana growth factors such as height, DBH (diameter at breast height), under crown height, canopy size and slope (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01); (2) in terms of correlation coefficients, the effect degree of Pinus massoniana growth factors on herb biodiversity followed an order as canopy (-0.911**)＞under crown height (-0.645**)＞DBH (-0.608*)＞height (- 0.555*) ＞canopy size (- 0.200) (*P＜0.05; **P＜0.01); (3) there were highly significant and significant correlations between ecological factor such as slope position and Margalef richness index (R) or Simpson index (D), indicating that the slope position was the main ecological factor affecting undergrowth herb diversity of Pinus massoniana in Dajiang Forest Farm of Qiyang County. All the results indicated that timely tending and thinning of Pinus massoniana and appropriate plantation of herb under layer could increase undergrowth herb bio-diversity, and in favor of the protection and sustainable utilization of undergrowth bio-diversity.

  The Relationship Between Arbor Communities and Environment in the Northwest of Liaoning Province 2017, 7 (9):  26-31.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16120015 Abstract + ( 1061 )   PDF ( 1631KB )   ( 1380 ) In ordered to solve the problem of afforestation difficulty in the in the northwest of Liaoning Province, the paper studied on the relationship between the arbor communities and environment, by DCCA, and used the Canoco software to processes the data. Through the analysis of the data, concluded that: between the environmental factors had significant correlation. The main factors affecting the shrub community distribution was the altitude, slope, slope positionsand soil type. According to the species and sample DCCA sequence diagram, could found that the arbor can be divided into five communities, and found the suitable growth environment of arbor community. Through the quantitative analyzed of the impaction between environment variables and species distribution, the environmental factor explained 45.3% of the vegetation pattern.

  Effects of Different Agronomic Measures on Two Precocious Chinese Cabbage Varieties 2017, 7 (9):  32-35.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030025 Abstract + ( 673 )   PDF ( 1161KB )   ( 1350 ) To determine the planting density, sowing date and fertilization level of two Chinese cabbage varieties, taking‘Jinlai Qiubai 2’and‘Jinlai Qiubai 6’as test materials, we studied the effects of row spacing, sowing date and fertilization condition on the agronomic traits. The test results showed that, under the 50 cm lining spacing of‘Jinlai Qiubai 2’and‘Jinlai Qiubai 6’, the best row spacing was 40 cm and 45 cm,respectively. The two Chinese cabbage varieties could be planted from early July to later August, whilst keeping high yield. Planting between July 15 to August 15, net vegetable production could reach 75 t/hm2 or more. The fertilizer application level of N, P and K had an important effect on the yield of Chinese cabbage. The yield increasing effect of N was more than that of K, and the fertilization effect of P was not obvious.

  Multivariate Analysis and Evaluation on Fruit Quality of 16 Strawberry Varieties and Strains 2017, 7 (9):  36-41.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17050024 Abstract + ( 916 )   PDF ( 1193KB )   ( 1827 ) To screen out strawberry varieties with high comprehensive quality of fruit, and enrich the theoretical basis for strawberry cultivation, breeding, processing and utilization, 16 strawberry varieties and strains cultivated in Shanxi Province were collected as test materials to determine the fruit quality factors of appearance characters, nutrients and phenolic, and the comparison and evaluation were conducted with correlation analysis, principal component analysis and comprehensive scoring method of principal component. By principal component analysis, 9 quality factors of strawberry fruit was simplified to 3 types of principal components which could be named as phenol factor, appearance quality factor and nutritional factor respectively, and could reflect 81.0141% of the original data information. Among the 16 strawberry varieties and strains, ‘Tochiotome’,‘Akihime’and ’06- 2- 8’had high comprehensive quality of fruit while ‘Tochiotome’,‘Sweet Charlie’and‘05-1-5’had the opposite. Due to the differences between the results showed by mathematical analysis and intuitive analysis, it is necessary to use mathematical analysis to reduce subjectivity and unilateralism in fruit quality analysis of strawberry.

  Principal Component Analysis of the Effect of Different NaCl Concentrations on ‘Tamina’Grape Seedlings 2017, 7 (9):  42-47.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17060014 Abstract + ( 709 )   PDF ( 1280KB )   ( 1316 ) The paper aims to select the main indexes of the effects of NaCl stress on grapevine and provide theory basis for evaluation the salt resistance system of grapevines. With the annual of grapes ‘Tamina’ grown on the sand as the experimental material, six concentration of NaCl treatments were conducted, then the relative conductivity of grape root and leaf, the oxygen anion production rate, H2O2 content, antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, POD, APX) activity of leaves, shoot length and total biomass of plants were analyzed. Results showed that the root and leaf relative conductivity increased gradually with the increase of NaCl concentration compared with the control, the super oxygen anion production rate and H2O2 content increased, SOD and CAT activity in the leaves presented a trend of rise-down, APX activity presented a trend of down-rise-down, while POD activity presented a downward trend; under high concentrations of NaCl treatment, the length of shoot and total biomass of the plants were reduced, higher oxygen anion production rate and H2O2 content in grape leaves might be related with the lower antioxidant enzyme activity. The principal component analysis indicated that the shoot length, CAT activity, H2O2 content and APX activity of leaves could be used to evaluate the effects of different concentration of NaCl stress on grapevine.

  Seed Germination Condition of Mongolia Medicine Plant Lomatogonium rotatum 2017, 7 (9):  48-51.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17020027 Abstract + ( 814 )   PDF ( 1261KB )   ( 1421 ) Different ground substance and soaking temperature were used to study Lomatogonium rotatum seeds germination, in order to find out the pretreatment conditions for improving germination and reproductive efficiency, and provide a theoretical basis for seed quality test. Petri dish method was used for seeds germination experiment, the authors studied different ground substances and soaking temperatures, which had the effect on the germination of L. rotatum seeds. The germination rate and germination index of seeds were the highest on the top of sand culture condition and the decay rate of seeds was the lowest, while the decay rate of seeds was the highest in the inside sand culture. The germination rate was the highest under 40℃ soaking temperature. With the increase of the soaking temperature, the germination rate decreased gradually. The most suitable soaking temperature was 40℃ for L. rotatum seeds germination and the most appropriate germination bed was on the top of sand.

  Cytotoxicity of Cadmium Chloride to Loach Fin Diploid and Triploid Cell Lines in Vitro 吴迪,,, and 李状状 2017, 7 (9):  52-57.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16110016 Abstract + ( 1188 )   PDF ( 1361KB )   ( 1370 ) [Objective] In this study, 60-80 generation of loach fin diploid cell line (DIMF) and triploid cell line (TRMF) were used to assess toxicity of cadmium chloride in vitro, and the toxicity characteristics between the different ploidies were compared. [Method]Semi-lethal concentrations was determined with MTT method; Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were studied through enzyme activity, micronuclei test, and Real-time quantitative PCR method. [Result]The semi-lethal concentrations of DIMF and TRMF were 24.0±0.7μmol/L and 27.3±1.3μmol/L, respectively. The results of enzymology showed the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were raised firstly, and then decreased. The activity of GST was decreased progressively with the increase of cadmium chloride concentration. Micronucleus rates were increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of cadmium chloride concentration, and the maximum rates of micronucleus were 7.33±0.33‰、8.33±0.67‰ respectively. The relative expression level of MT were significantly increased when the DIMF and TRMF were exposed by cadmium chloride. The maximum expression levels(55.6 and 57.6 fold of those in control) occurred when cadmium chloride concentration was 30μmol/L. [Conclusion]All results indicated that cytotoxicity and genotoxicity could be detected in DIMF and TRMF subjected to cadmium chloride, and DIMF was more sensitive to cadmium chloride than TRMF.

  Migration, Transformation and Control Strategy of Environmental Pollutants and Common Drugs in Freshwater Aquatic Products 2017, 7 (9):  58-61.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16120007 Abstract + ( 1190 )   PDF ( 1010KB )   ( 809 ) We reviewed the sources of hazard materials in freshwater aquatic products from the aspects of aquaculture input and environment input. Then we summarized the migration and transformation of the hazard materials including heavy metals, pesticides, and antibiotics. Finally, we put forward strategies for controlling safety of aquatic products, such as applying real time monitoring on key risk points for the prevention of pollution; carrying out effective evaluation and communication on the risks of aquatic products.

  Effect of Planting Density on the Bottom Pod Height of Soybean Under Mechanized Harvesting 2017, 7 (9):  62-67.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030049 Abstract + ( 670 )   PDF ( 1258KB )   ( 1450 ) In view of the present situation that large quantities of soybean varieties or lines in Shanxi soybean production area were difficult to adapt to mechanized harvesting, the bottleneck problem of mechanized harvesting, the height of bottom pod, was studied, to provide a theoretical basis for mechanized harvesting of soybean. By using the method of cluster analysis and correlation analysis, the variation law of soybean pod height was summarized with the regulation of planting density, and the dynamic relationship between the density and the bottom pod height and the related yield traits was analyzed. The results showed that 18 accessions of germplasm were divided into 3 categories by cluster analysis at the Euclidean distance OD=8.23: the first kind was medium branched soybean, the second was multi branched soybean, and the third was few branched soybean. The changing trend of the bottom pod height of different branch type varieties was different along with the increasing planting density. When the bottom pod height was suitable for mechanized harvesting, the best combination point of density and yield was that, the density of medium branched type was 140000/hm2 and 270000/hm2, the density of few branched type was 120000/hm2 and 270000/hm2. The density of multi branched type was 240000/hm2. The density regulates the bottom pod height, increases the yield, and makes the mechanized harvesting feasible.

  Research Advance on Lipopeptides Produced by Microorganism 2017, 7 (9):  68-73.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17040021 Abstract + ( 891 )   PDF ( 1086KB )   ( 1684 ) Lipopeptides are produced by a variety of microbes. They are characterized by a high degree of structural diversity and have the ability to reduce surface and interface tension. It was well known that lipopeptides have excellent surfactant function, and have been widely used. But their are many other functions that have not to be studied deeply, such as anti-bacterial, anti-virus, anti-tumor, thrombolysis and insecticide, etc., therefore, this compounds have good application potential and promising development. This paper mainly reviews and summarizes the production, biosynthesis, purification and application of lipopeptides were reviewed and summarized to provide reference for related research in the same field.

  Design Conception of Rural Ecological Compensation Mechanism Based on Beautiful Rural Construction 2017, 7 (9):  74-79.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16100030 Abstract + ( 828 )   PDF ( 1223KB )   ( 1519 ) The beautiful rural construction is a modern and environmental friendly and harmonious way of rural development. This paper analyzes the ecological connotation of the beautiful rural construction, and based on that, underlines the relationship between beautiful rural construction and rural ecological compensation. It points out the importance of the construction of ecological compensation mechanism in the process of the beautiful rural construction. At the same time, from the perspective of transparency, communication, diversification, and the integration of industries, the author puts forward the design conception of a participatory ecological compensation mechanism in rural areas. The above results can provide references for smooth implementation of the beautiful rural construction and ecological compensation practice, and promote the process of beautiful rural construction in China.

  Incentive Mechanism of Promoting the Transformation of Agricultural Science and Technology Achievements Under the Background of Innovation-Driven 2017, 7 (9):  80-84.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16110015 Abstract + ( 689 )   PDF ( 1127KB )   ( 1440 ) It is urgent to improve the conversion rate of agricultural science and technology achievements, because the mismatching of the transform ability of agricultural science and technology achievements and the scientific research strength could result in a large number of idle science and technology achievements. The innovation of incentive mechanism is the key to accelerate the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements. In order to promote the transformation, we adopted the methods of expert discussion and questionnaire survey from the perspective of the demand of science and technology and extension personnel, studied the present situation and the restriction factors of the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements in Tianjin, pointed out the problems existing in the incentive mechanism of the transformation, and put forward some suggestions on how to improve the incentive mechanism. We found that: the imperfect incentive mechanism was the main factor restricting the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements, mainly manifested as the incentive policy was not clear, the management system was not well-established, the incentive target was improper and the incentive means was insufficient; at this stage, the promotion of the innovation and reform of incentive mechanism of agricultural science and technology achievements transformation should be in accordance with the requirements of“innovation-driven development strategy”

  Purchase Demand of Socialized Service of Agricultural Machinery by Grain Farmers: Influencing Factors Based on the Investigation in Jiangxi and Guangdong 2017, 7 (9):  85-90.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17020023 Abstract + ( 726 )   PDF ( 1237KB )   ( 1406 ) The paper aims at the insufficient socialized public service of agricultural machinery for small-scale family management in agriculture. We discussed main factors affecting the purchase demand of agricultural machinery service by grain farmers based on investigations in Jiangxi and Guangdong. The results showed that: the level of county economic development and transportation condition of natural villages had significantly positive impact on the demand of the socialized service of agricultural machinery, occupation and the actual land area had significantly negative impact, while farmer’s age, educational level, family labor force, the proportion of agricultural income to the total income, land fragmentation, farmers’assessment on subsidies for purchasing agricultural machinery had no significant impact. Therefore, accelerating the development of local economy, improving transportation condition and enhancing agricultural subsidy policy are beneficial to improving the demand level of socialized service of agricultural machinery of farmers and upgrading agricultural mechanization level.

  Role of Rapeseed on International Cultural Tourism Demonstration Area Construction in Anhui 2017, 7 (9):  91-94.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16110030 Abstract + ( 856 )   PDF ( 1246KB )   ( 1314 ) To study the positive role played by rapeseed in promoting the construction of Wannan International Cultural Tourism Demonstration Zone, the project aims to analyze the functions of rapeseed in agricultural practices, tourism development and ecological protection. The results show that the rapeseed can effectively improve the multiple cropping indexes and increase the agricultural output. At the same time, the rapeseed can beautify the ancient villages of southern Anhui and benefit farmers. As a tourism resource, rapeseed acts as an important part in the promotion of the traditional tourism, such as farm accommodation, passenger flow attraction, and local products sale. Therefore, expanding the cultivation of rapeseed in southern area of Anhui, especially in the ancient villages, is of great value to the increase of both yield and income, protection of ecological environment and leisure tourism. It has a positive effect on the local economic transformation and the construction of Wannan International Cultural Tourism Demonstration Zone.

  Application of Agricultural Landscape in Rural Tourism in Wuling Mountain Area 2017, 7 (9):  95-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16100005 Abstract + ( 709 )   PDF ( 1931KB )   ( 1397 ) After field trips and real shots in the Wuling Mountain area ,a large number of masterpieces of farming tourism landscapes were collected ,and typical examples of applications in the local farming culture resources were analyzed.There are four types of rural tourism summarized in Wuling Mountain area ,including the ecological farmland ,the leisure farm ,the ancient village and town ,the world of flowers and bamboos. The development of rural landscape tourism should be closely linked with the farming theme .Not only should the local farming culture resources be fully put into use ,but also the regional characteristics should be spotted .The application of farming landscape should be advised to play a better role in the rural tourism in Wuling Mountain。