Current issue

• 2017 Vol.7 No.8 Published:22 August 2017

  New Maize Variety‘Wanyu 708’: Effects of Planting Density on Yield and Its Components 王五洲,,, and 2017, 7 (8):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030042 Abstract + ( 1898 )   PDF ( 1280KB )   ( 1530 ) To reveal the suitable planting density of new maize variety‘Wanyu 708’, and provide a basis for the promotion and high yield of‘Wanyu 708’, tests were conducted at the experimental field of Suzhou Academy of Agriculture for two consecutive years. Six density treatments were set at 45000-90000 plants /hm2 with 7500 plants /hm2 as the density ladder, and the yields and correlated characters were analyzed. The results showed that a parabolic relation existed between yield per unit area and density. The highest yield was obtained at the density of 67480 plants/hm2, and then the decrease range of yield was small with density increasing, the yield showed a smoothly decreased trend. The yield was negatively correlated with grain number per corncob, but the relation between yield and thousand-grain weight was not significant. Therefore, the best planting density of‘Wanyu 708’is 67500 plants/hm2, and the application of corncob fertilizer under planting density increasing is an effective way to obtain high yield.

  Ion Adsorption Effect of Sorghum in Saline Soil: A Preliminary Study 2017, 7 (8):  6-9.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17040026 Abstract + ( 1278 )   PDF ( 1127KB )   ( 1339 ) To study the soil improvement effect and stalk ion change rule of sorghum in saline soil, two salttolerance sorghum varieties‘Jintianza3’and‘Jinza1401’were planted in saline soil of Qingxu and loam of Yuci. Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and chloride ion in 0-20 cm soil before and after sorghum planting and the change rule of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium in harvested sorghum stalk were studied. The results showed that the two varieties had declined stalk yield but stable ion content in saline soil, and they could grow normally in the saline soil in Qingxu. Soil electrical conductivity of 0-20 cm soil and the measured content of the five kinds of ions reduced when the sorghum was planted in saline soil, and the reduction amount in saline soil was significantly higher than that in loam. Therefore, planting sorghum in saline soil could effectively improve the saline-alkali land, and the stalk yield of sweet sorghum could also increase farmers’economic benefit.

  Screening of Soybean Variety Resources in Northeast China 2017, 7 (8):  10-14.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080014 Abstract + ( 1306 )   PDF ( 1102KB )   ( 1468 ) In recent years, with the increase of domestic demand for soybeans, insufficient investment in science and technology long-term, the soybean yield increase slowly, the soybean has become increasingly prominent contradiction between supply and demand in China. The soybean varieties breeding,it has always been the goal of plant breeders of for a long time.The excellent varieties are the basis of high yield of soybeans. In the choice of soybean varieties, according to local conditions, try to use suitable for close planting, pests and diseases, lodging resistant varieties, at the same time to meet the local climate characteristics and farming conditions. In this paper, from 572 in the northeast soybean variety resources, select heilongjiang province second JiWenDai glaring 50 of ecological adaptability of materials. To learn more about 50 varieties bred varieties of genetic background, genetic structure and genetic relationship between, and the variety adaptability ability in all areas, to provide high quality germplasm resources use and development theory to guide, to provide information for the selection of breeding materials.

  Characteristics of Rice Diseases and Pests in Yancheng in 2016 and Application of Green Control Technology 2017, 7 (8):  15-19.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030037 Abstract + ( 1390 )   PDF ( 1220KB )   ( 1685 ) The authors put forward a green control technology system of rice diseases and insect pests from the occurrence of main rice diseases and insect pests in Yancheng, and clarify the main rice diseases and insect pests that need to be controlled during the sowing stage, seedling stage, tillering stage and booting stage. According to the characteristics of rice disease and insect pests in 2016, the authors indicate that the special climatic condition is the major influence factor on diseases and insect pests occurrence, and point out the urgency of corresponding research, and emphasizing that the application of research results could greatly reduce the use of pesticides. In conclusion, the application and demonstration of green control technology for rice diseases and insect pests in 2016 have good effect and significantly reduce the field dosage.

  Screening Test of Herbicides in Dry Direct-seeding Rice Field of Sichuan 伏荣桃,,,, and 2017, 7 (8):  20-24.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16120033 Abstract + ( 1612 )   PDF ( 1252KB )   ( 1640 ) To screen effective herbicides which are suitable for dry direct-seeding rice field in Sichuan, this experiment selected metamifop, fluroxypyr- meptyl, flucetosulfuron, pyraclonil, bensulfuron, butachlor and benzyl-butyl to screen effective herbicides, and through the investigation of weed species and quantity to study he weed control effect of the seven herbicides. The results showed that 10% metamifop+ 20% fluroxypyrmeptyl EC, 1.8% pyraclonil SP and 35% benzyl-butyl WP had a good control effect on the gramineous weeds and broadleaf weeds. At 30 days, the controlling effect reached above 91% for each plant and fresh weight. Fur hermore, they had better safety for rice seedling, and could be popularized and applied in dry directseeding rice field in Sichuan. Therefore, 10% metamifop+ 20% fluroxypyr-meptyl EC, 1.8% pyraclonil SP and 35% benzyl-butyl WP have wide prospect in dry direct-seeding rice field in Sichuan.

  Breeding of a New Peanut Variety‘Quanhua 27’with Resistance to Bacterial Wilt 2017, 7 (8):  25-28.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17040013 Abstract + ( 747 )   PDF ( 1119KB )   ( 1345 ) The study aims to satisfy peanut production demand, and breed peanut varieties with high yield and resistance to bacterial wilt by using cross breeding method in Quanzhou Agricultural Science Research Institute. A new peanut variety‘Quanhua 27’was bred with female parent‘626- 2- 1’and male parent ‘Quanhua 327’. In 2010- 2011, the average pod yield of‘Quanhua 27’was 5173.95 kg/hm2 in peanut regional test in Jiangxi, increased by 10.10% compared with the control variety‘Shanyou 523’; the average seed yield was 3588.75 kg/hm2, increased by 7.64% compared with the control. At the same, in Guangxi peanut regional test, the average pod yield was 4082.4 kg/hm2, increased by 12.17% compared with the control variety ‘Guihua 21’; the average seed yield was 2582.25 kg/hm2, increased by 4.71% compared with the control. In 2014- 2015 peanut regional test in Fujian, the average pod yield was 3901.5 kg/km2, increased by 9.3% compared with the control variety‘Quanghua 7’; the average seed yield was 2779.5 kg/km2, increased by 13.1% compared with the control.‘Quanhua 27’was identified with high resistance to bacterial wilt in experimental field by Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.‘Quanhua 27’ was certified (identified) as a new peanut variety with high production and resistance to bacterial wilt by the Variety Certification Committee of Guangxi and Jiangxi in 2012, and suitable for planting in Guangxi, Jiangxi and Fujian.

  Characteristics and Variations of Soil Fertility of Paddy Fields in River-network Plains of Zhejiang 2017, 7 (8):  29-34.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16120032 Abstract + ( 818 )   PDF ( 1164KB )   ( 1319 ) The characteristics and spatial-temporal variations of soil fertility in paddy fields in river-network plains of Zhejiang were analyzed based on the recently acquired investigation data of farmland productivity. The results showed that the pH value of paddy soils in the study region inherited the characteristics of neutral and slightly acidic soils in the river network plains. However, soil acidification was significant due to longterm application of chemical fertilizers, and proportion of the soil with pH <5.5 increased. The effect of the changes in multiple-crop index and fertilizer application on soil organic matter and nitrogen accumulation in the paddy soil with long-term plantation of rice was not significant, but unscientific land leveling and longterm planting of vegetables and other economic crops could lead to a significant decline in soil organic matter and nitrogen. Status of phosphorus and potassium in paddy soil of the river-network plains were significantly improved in the past 30 years. On average, available P and K increased by 168.02% and 12.52%, respectively, as compared with the second national soil survey. However, there was still a large proportion of the soil with the deficiency in phosphorus and potassium. Affected by soil texture, contents of organic matter, total N, and available K in the soil of the Ningbo-Shaoxing plain and Wenzhou-Taizhou plain were higher than that of the Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou plain. The acidification was also more obvious in the Ningbo-Shaoxing plain and Wenzhou-Taizhou plain. It was suggested that soil testing and formula fertilization should still be an important technology to maintain the balance of soil nutrients in this region.

  Site Monitoring of Compost Effect Under Continued Straw Returning to Field 2017, 7 (8):  35-38.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030048 Abstract + ( 686 )   PDF ( 1143KB )   ( 1296 ) In this paper, site monitoring method was used to study the compost effect of continued straw returning to field. The results showed that under continued straw returning to field for 3 years, soil organic matter increased, bulk density decreased, soil physical and chemical properties were improved, and the rice yield increased. Compared with no straw returning, rice production was raised by 590.67- 774.00 kg/hm2, namely 7.14%-9.36%; soil bulk density decreased by 0.02-0.03 g/cm3, namely 1.53%-2.30%; soil organic matter increased by 0.64- 1.34 g/kg, namely 1.97%- 4.13% ; soil alkali- hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content were improved in different degrees. Through analysis of variance, conventional fertilization quick composting of rice straw returning treatment and conventional fertilization without straw returning treatment between the soil bulk density, soil organic matter, soil nitrogen differences between available phosphorus content was extremely significant, the difference between soil physicochemical properties index was not significant between other treatments (P > 0.05). The continued straw returning to field could not only enhance the fertility, but also increase production and income.

  Effect of Ficus tikoua Bureauto and Perennial Ryegrass Interplanting on Cd Absorption 2017, 7 (8):  39-42.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16120031 Abstract + ( 616 )   PDF ( 1352KB )   ( 1336 ) To study the possibility of using Ficus tikoua Bureauto to promote Cd absorption by perennial ryegrass, a pot experiment was conducted, and the Cd content in the overground part was compared in different treatments. The results showed that the Cd content of perennial ryegrass was 5.6439×10-3 mg of per pot when it was interplanted with Ficus tikoua Bureauto and that of CK was 4.6164 × 10- 3 mg, indicating that the interplanting could increase Cd content of perennial ryegrass by 1.0275×10-3 mg of per pot, the increase rate was 22.26%. It is concluded that the interplanting could promote the Cd absorption of ryegrass. The study provides a new way to promote the absorption ability of phytoremediation.

  Climate Similarity Between Sanmenxia Tobacco Area and Overseas Tobacco Areas 2017, 7 (8):  43-47.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16120020 Abstract + ( 832 )   PDF ( 1249KB )   ( 1356 ) To study the high-quality tobacco growing areas in Sanmenxia, based on data from the climatic stations located in the national tobacco areas of Sanmenxia, we analyzed the similarity of different tobacco areas both at home and abroad, and classified the tobacco areas in Sanmenxia via multivariate clustering analysis. The results showed that, the data from climatic stations could faithfully represent the Climatic Feasibility Index (CFI) of each tobacco area because of the drastic difference of sea levels within Sanmenxia area. The clustering analysis could tell that the climate of Lushi and Lingbao tobacco areas had the most similarity with the tobacco area in Zimbabwe, high level similarity with the one in Brazil, and medium level similarity with the one in the US, indicating that Lushi and Lingbao had excellent tobacco-growing climatic conditions. In the trend of continuing decrement of the tobacco growing scale, Lushi and Lingbao tobacco areas should be considered with priority in Sanmenxia.

  Tobacco Resistance Mechanism to Insect Herbivores: Research Progress 2017, 7 (8):  48-54.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030047 Abstract + ( 720 )   PDF ( 1223KB )   ( 3226 ) Tobacco is one of the important economic crops in China. The tobacco pest species have reached more than 300 in China, which severely restrict the production of tobacco. Plant insect resistance is the most cost-effective means to control pests. To better understand current researches on tobacco resistance to pest at home and abroad, this review summarized basic composition of tobacco resistance to pests and induced chemical defense, signal pathways and molecular mechanisms. It was suggested that the main pests on tobacco had been transformed from the Lepidoptera pests to the sucking pests. However, the researches on tobacco insect resistance and resistance breeding aimed at single pest at home and abroad. Therefore, the study on comprehensive resistance to different pests and the breeding of multi- resistant varieties should be strengthened. At the same time, it was pointed out that photosynthesis was a systematic reaction of plant defense against insects. In the process of improving the tobacco resistance to insect and tobacco resistance breeding, the primary metabolic process of tobacco, especially photosynthesis, should also be the focus. Study on tobacco resistance to insects should be carried out with multi-disciplinary combination, to elaborate the issue from a number of perspectives, especially plant physiology, molecular biology, tobacco cultivation and tobacco breeding.

  Influencing Factors of Cutting Rooting in Apple Dwarf Rootstock 2017, 7 (8):  55-59.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17050032 Abstract + ( 772 )   PDF ( 1101KB )   ( 1748 ) Cutting is the main propagation method of apple dwarf rootstock at present, rooting is the key of cutting propagation. The main influencing factors of cutting rooting in apple dwarf rootstock are reviewed in this paper, indicating that gene is the most important influencing factor of cutting rooting, rooting of some varieties is easy, while that of some other varieties is difficult. Cutting rooting is affected by physiological status, growth degree, nutritional status of cut shoot, light, temperature, humidity and air, etc. Auxin treatment can promote rooting of cut shoot, but the effect is affected by auxin kinds, concentration, treatment method, time, physiological status of cut shoot and environment etc. In one word, cutting rooting is generally affected by many factors, only if each factor is adaptive, rooting can be ensured. In the future, study on cutting rooting mechanism should be strengthened, and easy propagation is advised to be the preferred goal of dwarf rootstock breeding, thus to solve the problem of rootstock propagation fundamentally.

  Walnut in China: Research Advances in Grafting Propagation Techniques 2017, 7 (8):  60-65.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17050004 Abstract + ( 874 )   PDF ( 1092KB )   ( 1931 ) The research progress of root- stock, grafting method and the critical factors affecting grafting survival rate of walnut (Juglans regia L.) are summarized to lay a foundation for root-stock application and grafting seedlings. Based on the description of 7 different root-stocks and 4 kinds of grafting methods, the authors analyzed the effects of bleeding, temperature, grafting time and graft compatibility on grafting survival rate; and summarized domestic researches on grafting propagation techniques of walnut. Finally, suggestions and countermeasures for the healthy development of walnut industry were presented: (1) developing the industry according to the requirement on land conditions, and adhering to the principle of matching species with the site and adjusting measures to local conditions; (2) speeding up the development of new techniques and new products, improving the technology content of the industrial chain; (3) strengthening the construction of cooperation organizations, and building diversified economic cooperation organizations.

  Breeding and Key Cultivation Techniques of the New Variety of Phalaenopsis‘Zhengnong Hongyun’ 2017, 7 (8):  66-70.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17020026 Abstract + ( 774 )   PDF ( 1255KB )   ( 1381 ) ‘Zhengnong Hongyun’ is a new Phalaenopsis variety which was Hybridized in 2007 with ‘Hongbaoshi’ as Female (♀) and‘Kuailetianshi ’as Paternal (♂) by Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute of Zhengzhou City. The variety was audited by the Committee of Henan Forest variety approval in 2013. The Variety grows strongly and is easy to be planted. What’s more, the Variety has the features of pedicels stout, medium height, neat flower arrows, big flowers, high-level, sorting well,long flowering period, strong disease resistance, heat resistance and good resistance to cold, superior product traits.

  The Status and Trends of Minimalist Planting 枚德新 2017, 7 (8):  71-76.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030031 Abstract + ( 647 )   PDF ( 2847KB )   ( 1673 ) In order to prove that using minimalist principle in planting design was necessary and has bright prospect,This article has summarized the concept, origin, development of minimalist planting, characteristics of plant forms, plant varieties, plant colors of minimalist planting was reviewed, finally pointed out minimalist planting has more advantages in landscape style, theme, ecological pattern, construction cost etc. So in China,landscape designer should try to bring more planting of minimalist garden into their design,in which way we can not only just make some different styles in China, but also improve the art value in it.

  Rural Renewable Energy Management in Tianjin: Obstacles and Policies 2017, 7 (8):  77-81.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030018 Abstract + ( 592 )   PDF ( 1116KB )   ( 1434 ) To carry out obstacles analysis and policy research of the rural renewable energy management in Tianjin can be provide references for the city to strengthen the management of rural renewable energy, protect and improve rural ecological environment. This paper expounded the basic structure of renewable energy management in rural areas of Tianjin, emphasized the challenge faced by the city’s rural renewable energy management in combination with strategic situation such as ecological civilization, energy security and rule of law. The paper had a comprehensive analysis for the management barriers from many aspects, including ideological understanding, management system, regulatory policy, macro planning, and follow-up management, then targeted to puts forwards policy suggestion. The study believe that the city strengthen the rural renewable energy management must be optimize policy path, and further improve the management system and mechanism, perfect legal policy system, strengthen scientific planning, improve the market mechanism, strengthen follow-up supervision services, and improve the publicity and education system.

  Application of Biomass Particle Combustion Furnace in Bulk Curing Barn 2017, 7 (8):  82-86.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17020009 Abstract + ( 692 )   PDF ( 1253KB )   ( 1546 ) The paper aims to explore the utilization of biomass fuels in tobacco leaf curing, and achieve energy saving, environmental protection, cost reduction and efficiency increase. The lower leaves and the middle leaves of‘Xiangyan 5’were taken as experimental materials, we compared the application effect of biomass particle combustion furnace with corresponding heat exchanger, direct docking metal heating equipment and direct docking non- metal heating equipment with the effect of a one- time coal non- metallic heating equipment, to study the application of biomass particle combustion furnace. The results showed that: the use of biomass particle combustion furnace for tobacco leaf curing was beneficial to the control of dry bulb temperature during the process, dry bulb temperature control precision was within ±0.5℃, ensuring that the curing process was in place and beneficial to improve the quality of tobacco leaf baking. The energy cost was lower than coal curing, and the operation, including fuel feeding, ignition, control and removal of slag, was much easier and labor saving than traditional coal-fired way. The biomass particle combustion furnace showed good application effect with the corresponding heat exchanger, followed by that with the direct docking metal heating equipment, and the application effect of the direct docking non-metal heating equipment was relatively poor.

  Rural Public Meteorological Service: New Media Application 2017, 7 (8):  87-92.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17050021 Abstract + ( 659 )   PDF ( 1286KB )   ( 1451 ) To research the application of new media in rural public meteorological service, we analyzed the traditional media and new media, and the media demand and media application of traditional farmers and a new generation of farmers concerning rural public meteorological service by taking farmers and media in Deyang of Sichuan as example and adopting Weighted and Calculated Needs for New Media (WCN for short), questionnaire survey, field visits, statistical analysis and other methods. The results showed that: the application of new media in rural public meteorological service development was slow but had more potential compared with the traditional media; the possibility and sustainability of a new generation of farmers to accept the new media to release meteorological information was higher than that of traditional farmers; in the situation that important demand of rural public meteorological services could not be satisfied by traditional media, farmers began to anticipate that the new media could meet their needs, resulting in the new media gradually accepted in rural public meteorological services and a positive tendency of using the new media.

  SWOT Analysis and Development Strategy of Camellia oleifera Industry 2017, 7 (8):  93-96.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17040012 Abstract + ( 721 )   PDF ( 1214KB )   ( 1864 ) In order to promote the healthy and sustainable development of Camellia Oleifera Industry in Jiangxi, Ganzhou, This paper used the method of SWOT to analysis the advantages, weaknesses, opportunities and risk of Camellia Oleifera industry in Ganzhou .The results showed that there are obvious advantages of Camellia Oleifera industry in Ganzhou. We should not only pay more attention to SO strategy and ST strategy, but also should consider the WO strategy and WT strategy. Also putted forward a scientific suggestion for the next step of how to do a good job of planning and layout, the development of large enterprises, expanding the industrial chain, improve the scientific and technological support, developing the market, increasing financial input and other issues.

  Wine Industry in Shanxi: Status and Sustainable Development 王恢 2017, 7 (8):  97-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16110022 Abstract + ( 693 )   PDF ( 1039KB )   ( 1751 ) To promote and guide a healthy and sustainable development of wine industry in Shanxi, the authors summarized the research achievements of domestic scholars on the development of wine industry in recent years and analyzed the current situations and advantages of wine industry development in Shanxi, and pointed out the existing problems of single variety, shortage of professional talents, limited cultural influence, weak market cultivation capability and so on. Aiming at the above problems, the countermeasures were put forward, such as improving products’structure, meeting individual needs of the consumer market, training wine technology talents, reserving the potential for orderly development of wine industry, embodying added value of brand culture, strengthening enterprise brand awareness, docking with culture industry and other industries, driving the development of tertiary industry, integrating the industry chains, and building a mature marketing system.

  Countermeasures of Promoting Science and Technology Competitiveness in Local Agricultural Universities 2017, 7 (8):  101-108.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17060008 Abstract + ( 633 )   PDF ( 1207KB )   ( 1403 ) The science and technology competitiveness is an important symbol reflecting the development level and innovation ability in local agricultural colleges. In order to study the countermeasures of promoting the science and technology competitiveness in local agricultural colleges, taking Beijing University of Agricultural as an example, this research points out the problems faced by local agricultural colleges through research and empirical analysis. These problems include the lack of top-notch talents, the irrational structure of science and technology funding, the low conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements and the lack of highlevel results. This paper analyzes the causes of these problems and puts forward some countermeasures for improving the scientific and technological competitiveness of local agricultural colleges, including determining a clear positioning of the development of science and technology, combining the self-development of colleges with regional economic development, strengthening characteristic development and collaboration with universities directly under the ministries , increasing the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements, and improving the scientific and technological management system and operational mechanism.