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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (1): 43-49.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18120029

所属专题： 土壤重金属污染； 园艺

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

茭草还田对茭白田表水中污染物浓度的影响

周杨1, 姚岳良1, 施丽珍1, 陈建霞1, 章明奎2   

  1. 1 缙云县农业农村局,浙江缙云 321400
    2 浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-29 修回日期:2019-05-13 出版日期:2020-01-22 发布日期:2020-01-22
  • 作者简介:周杨,男,1963年出生,江苏昆山人,推广研究员,本科,主要从事土壤与蔬菜生产管理方面的研究。通信地址：321400 浙江省缙云县五云镇大桥北路290号 缙云县农业农村局,E-mail：1364284769@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    缙云县农业农村局项目“农田长期连作茭白对土壤质量的影响及茭白施肥技术和专用肥研究”

Straw Returning of Zizania caduciflora: Effects on Concentrations of Some Pollutants in Surface Water of Agricultural Field

Zhou Yang1, Yao Yueliang1, Shi Lizhen1, Chen Jianxia1, Zhang Mingkui2   

  1. 1 Jinyun Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinyun 321400, Zhejiang, China
    2 College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2018-12-29 Revised:2019-05-13 Online:2020-01-22 Published:2020-01-22

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摘要：

为了解茭白生产过程中茭草还田对田面水体中污染物的影响及其可能产生的农田面源污染,模拟试验研究了淹水条件下不同用量(0%、0.5%、1.0%)茭草覆盖还田和与土壤混合还田对田面水体中COD、氮、磷等污染物浓度的影响。结果表明,田面表水的电导率、COD、磷、钾、铁、锰在试验初期呈明显上升,第20~30天之后逐渐下降至相对稳定状态;NH4 +-N浓度峰值出现在培养试验前10天内。电导率、COD、磷、钾、铁、锰浓度随茭草还田量的增加而增加,而NH4 +-N的浓度变化则相反;茭草覆盖还田对田面表水中电导率、COD及养分浓度的影响大于茭草与土壤混合还田;配施氮肥可明显增加田面水的电导率和NH4 +-N浓度。研究建议,采用茭草与土壤混合还田,并控制好茭草还田前期（前30天）田面水的排放。

关键词: 茭白秸秆, 还田, 面源污染, DOC, 氮, 磷

Abstract:

To understand the effects of straw returning on the pollutants in the surface water of agricultural field and the possible non-point source pollution during the production of Zizania caduciflora, a simulation experiment was carried out to study the effects of straw returningof Zizania caduciflora as mulching or mixture with soil under flooded conditions (0%, 0.5%, 1%) on the concentrations of pollutants, such as COD, N, and P in surface water of agricultural field. The results showed that: the conductivity, COD, concentrations of P, K, Fe and Mn in surface water increased obviously at the beginning of the experiment, reached a peak on the 20 th-30 th day, and then gradually decreased to a relatively stable state; the peak concentration of NH4 +-N in surface water appeared in the first 10 days; the conductivity and the concentrations of COD, P, K, Fe and Mn increased with the increasing amount of straw returning, while the concentration of NH4 +-N decreased; the effects of straw returning of Zizania caduciflora as mulching on the conductivity, and concentrations of COD, P, K, Fe and Mn in surface water of field were greater than those of straw returning as mixture with soil; N application with straw returning could increase obviously the conductivity and NH4 +-N concentration of surface water. Straw returning of Zizania caduciflora as mixture with soil is better than straw returning as mulching, and the discharge of surface water should be controlled during the first 30 days of straw returning.

Key words: Straw of Zizania caduciflora, Returning, Non-point Pollution, DOC, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

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