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农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (2): 75-80.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500057

所属专题: 水稻

• 农业工程 农业机械 生物技术 食品科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻生物学特性对稻田甲烷排放的影响

沈学良1,2, 田光蕾1, 周元昌1(), 王缨2()   

  1. 1 福建农林大学/作物遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室,福州 350002
    2 福建省农业遗传工程重点实验室/福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所,福州 350003
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-29 修回日期:2019-09-19 出版日期:2020-02-24 发布日期:2020-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 周元昌,王缨 E-mail:zwy_2002@163.com;492724648@qq.com
  • 作者简介:沈学良,男,1993年出生,山东临沂人,硕士,研究方向:作物生物技术。通信地址:350003 福建省福州市鼓楼区五四路247号 农科院高新技术大楼1108,Tel:0591-87863144,E-mail:shenxl1@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2018R1019-1)

Rice Biological Characteristics: Effects on Methane Emission from Paddy Fields

Shen Xueliang1,2, Tian Guanglei1, Zhou Yuanchang1(), Wang Ying2()   

  1. 1 Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics, Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
    2 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Agriculture/Biotechnology Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
  • Received:2019-05-29 Revised:2019-09-19 Online:2020-02-24 Published:2020-02-24
  • Contact: Yuanchang Zhou,Ying Wang E-mail:zwy_2002@163.com;492724648@qq.com

摘要:

为了阐明水稻品种与稻田甲烷排放的关系,为培育低甲烷水稻品种提供科学依据。本研究从水稻植株形态特征和生物学特性等方面,论述水稻植株与甲烷排放的关系。水稻根系主要通过根系分泌物和根系泌氧能力二个方面影响甲烷气体的生成和氧化;水稻分蘖特性主要影响甲烷气体的排放;水稻叶片则通过光合作用和蒸腾作用二个方面分别影响甲烷气体的产生和排放;水稻籽粒的灌浆特性主要通过与根系争夺碳水化合物而影响甲烷的产量。这些因素既相互独立又相互协调影响水稻稻田的甲烷排放。

关键词: 水稻, 甲烷, 生物学特性, 根系, 分蘖, 叶片, 籽粒, 品种

Abstract:

To clarify the relationship between rice varieties and methane emission from paddy fields, and provide a basis for cultivating low methane rice varieties, in this study, we discussed the relationship between rice plant and methane emission from two aspects of plant morphological and biological characteristics. It is found that: rice roots mainly affect the methane production and oxidation through root exudates and root oxygen secretion capacity; rice tillering characteristics mainly affect methane emission; methane production and emission are affected by photosynthesis and transpiration of rice leaves; the influence of rice grain filling characteristics on methane production is mainly due to the competition of carbohydrates with roots. These factors affect the methane emission of paddy fields independently and coordinately.

Key words: Rice, Methane, Biological Characteristics, Root System, Tiller, Leaf, Grain, Variety

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