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农学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (7): 95-103.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191100271

所属专题: 马铃薯

• 三农问题研究/农村产业结构 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南省马铃薯引种史、传播路线及其影响

祝菊澧1,2,3(), 李灿辉1,2,3, 周润1, 耿燕1, 卢朝艳1, 唐唯1,2,3(), 朱寿清4()   

  1. 1云南师范大学生命科学学院,昆明 650500
    2云南师范大学马铃薯科学研究院,昆明 65050
    3云南省马铃薯生物学重点实验室,昆明 650500
    4云南师范大学历史与行政学院,昆明 650500
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-15 修回日期:2020-01-24 出版日期:2021-07-20 发布日期:2021-08-04
  • 通讯作者: 唐唯,朱寿清 E-mail:978018307@qq.com;4311@ynnu.edu.cn;sunshinedavid@126.com
  • 作者简介:祝菊澧,女,1997年出生,黑龙江齐齐哈尔人,在读硕士,研究方向:农业考古。通信地址:650500 云南省昆明市呈贡区云南师范大学马铃薯科学研究院,E-mail: 978018307@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省重点新产品开发计划(2009BB011);云南师范大学2020年度研究所科研创新基金项目(ysdyjs2020088);全国大学生创新创业项目(2020101681019)

The Introduction History, Spreading Routes and Influence of Potato in Yunnan

Zhu Juli1,2,3(), Li Canhui1,2,3, Zhou Run1, Geng Yan1, Lu Chaoyan1, Tang Wei1,2,3(), Zhu Shouqing4()   

  1. 1School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
    2Joint Academy of Potato Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
    3Key Laboratory for Potato Biology of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
    4School of History and Administration, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2019-11-15 Revised:2020-01-24 Online:2021-07-20 Published:2021-08-04
  • Contact: Tang Wei,Zhu Shouqing E-mail:978018307@qq.com;4311@ynnu.edu.cn;sunshinedavid@126.com

摘要:

马铃薯是外来作物,其引入和传播在解决云南明清时期以来的社会、经济、文化和宗教问题上具有重要作用。通过考据发现,马铃薯传入中国和云南省的时间及主要路线,以及传入后在云南的传播路线。传入和传播路线主要为;(1)1615年后由印度经印—缅—滇通道传入滇西,并广泛种植于迪庆、丽江、大理和怒江州,此细胞质类型为W/α型;(2)1788年后经四川凉山州传入楚雄永仁,后在滇西各州及滇中广泛传播,此为W/α型;(3)1843年左右经贵州进入昭通,在滇东北及黔西南大面积种植,此为T/β型。马铃薯的传入及传播深远的影响了几百年来云南的农业结构、移民、矿产开发、少数民族迁徙及宗教信仰,其本土化也加快了主粮化进程并提供了科学育种的新思路。

关键词: 云南省, 马铃薯, 引种, 传播, 影响

Abstract:

Potato is a foreign crop, and its introduction and spread in Yunnan played an important role in solving social, economic, cultural and religious problems since the Ming and Qing Dynasty. After textual criticism, this paper discussed the time and main routes of potato introduction to China and Yunnan Province and the spreading routes in Yunnan. The main routes of introduction and spread were verified as below: (1) after 1615, potato was introduced into western Yunnan from northeastern India via the India-Myanmar-Yunnan Corridor and widely planted in Diqing, Lijiang, Dali and Nujiang, the cytoplasmic type was W/α; (2) after 1788, potato was introduced into Yongren, Chuxiong from Liangshan, Sichuan, and then widely spread in western and central Yunnan, these varieties representing W/α cytoplasmic type; (3) around the year of 1843, potato entered Zhaotong through southeastern Guizhou, widely planted in northeastern Yunnan and southwestern Guizhou with T/β cytoplasmic type. The introduction and spread of potato had a profound impact on the agricultural structure, population migration, mineral development, minority customs and religious beliefs in Yunnan for hundreds of years. Its localization had also accelerated the process of staple food grain production and provided new methods for scientific breeding.

Key words: Yunnan Province, Potato, Introduction, Spread, Impact

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