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农学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (2): 6-11.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191200320

所属专题: 小麦

• 农艺科学/生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

安徽省小麦区试品种产量与产量构成因素的相关分析

马庆(), 张玉坤(), 刘兴舟, 王勖, 杨杰   

  1. 宿州市农业科学院,安徽宿州 234000
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-25 修回日期:2020-05-07 出版日期:2021-02-20 发布日期:2021-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 张玉坤 E-mail:maqing2018@126.com;zyk-xm163.com
  • 作者简介:马庆,男,1982年出生,安徽肥西人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事小麦育种及栽培研究。通信地址:234000 安徽省宿州市埇桥区浍水东路551号 宿州市农业科学院,Tel:0557-3913166,E-mail:maqing2018@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省小麦产业技术体系基金项目“安徽省小麦产业技术体系育种岗位”(AHCYTX-02-G2)

Correlation Between Yield and Its Components of Wheat Varieties in Regional Trials of Anhui

Ma Qing(), Zhang Yukun(), Liu Xingzhou, Wang Xu, Yang Jie   

  1. Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 234000, Anhui, China
  • Received:2019-12-25 Revised:2020-05-07 Online:2021-02-20 Published:2021-02-24
  • Contact: Zhang Yukun E-mail:maqing2018@126.com;zyk-xm163.com

摘要:

揭示安徽省淮北地区产量构成因素对产量的影响,为小麦高产品种选育和大田生产提供参考依据。对2014—2019年度参加安徽省小麦区试半冬性组的284个品种产量与产量构成因素进行相关分析,结果显示,产量的变异系数最大,产量构成因素的变异系数由大到小为穗粒数、穗数、千粒重;相关性分析表明,产量构成因素与产量均呈极显著正相关,相关程度由强到弱为穗粒数、千粒重、穗数;通径分析结果显示,产量构成因素对产量的直接贡献都比较大,贡献由大到小为穗粒数、穗数、千粒重;产量构成三因素均与产量呈极显著二次曲线关系,且在适宜范围内有利于产量的提高。根据分析结果和安徽淮北地区的生态条件,在合理控制穗数群体的基础上,增加穗粒数、稳定提高千粒重是获得小麦高产的关键。在产量水平9000 kg/hm2以上的高产育种和大田生产中,目前最佳的产量因素构成为:穗数600万~675万穗/hm2,穗粒数35粒以上,千粒重41~47 g。

关键词: 小麦, 产量, 产量构成因素, 相关分析, 穗粒数

Abstract:

The paper aims to reveal the influence of yield components on yield in Huaibei area of Anhui Province and provide reference for high-yield wheat breeding and field production. The correlations between yield and yield components of 284 wheat varieties in Anhui Provincial regional trial of semi-winter group from 2014 to 2019 were analyzed. The results showed that the yield variation coefficient was the largest and the variation coefficient of yield components followed the order of grains per spike> spikes> 1000-grain weight. Correlation analysis showed that wheat yield had an extremely significant and positive correlation with yield components, and the correlation degree was grains per spike> 1000-grain weight> spikes. The path analysis showed that the direct contribution of the yield components to yield was large, following an order of grains per spike> spikes> 1000-grain weight. The three yield components which had an extremely significant conic relation with yield were beneficial to the yield increase in an appropriate range. According to the analysis results and the ecological conditions in Huaibei area, increasing the number of grains per spike and steadily improving 1000-grain weight are the keys to high yield of wheat on the basis of proper controlling the number of spikes. In the high-yield breeding and field production with wheat yield more than 9000 kg/hm2, the best yield components should be 6000000 spikes/hm2 to 6750000 spikes/hm2, more than 35 grains per spike and the 1000-grain weight from 41 g to 47 g.

Key words: Wheat, Yield, Yield Components, Correlation Analysis, Grains per Spike

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