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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (2): 43-49.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0185

• 林学/园艺/园林/食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于基质水分的多因素樱桃番茄灌溉决策研究

岳焕芳1(), 李超2, 安顺伟1, 孟范玉1(), 胡潇怡1, 张海芳2, 张宁宁2, 王猛2   

  1. 1 北京市农业技术推广站，北京 100029
    2 北京市大兴区农业技术示范站，北京 102615
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-04 修回日期:2022-08-17 出版日期:2023-02-19 发布日期:2023-02-19
  • 作者简介:

    岳焕芳，女，1991年出生，河南台前人，农艺师，硕士，主要从事智能灌溉施肥相关研究。通信地址：100029 北京市朝阳区高原街农业技术推广站，Tel：010-84642880，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    北京市农业农村局“北京市果类蔬菜产业创新团队”(BAIC01-2021); 北京市农业农村局科技新星项目“基于土壤水分的高品质番茄精准灌溉决策研究和应用”(PXM2020_036204_000048_00391389_FCG); 北京市农业农村局“2021年北京市种植业节水监测与评价”(PXM2021_036204_000004)

Multi-factor Irrigation Scheme of Cherry Tomato Based on Substrate Moisture

YUE Huanfang1(), LI Chao2, AN Shunwei1, MENG Fanyu1(), HU Xiaoyi1, ZHANG Haifang2, ZHANG Ningning2, WANG Meng2   

  1. 1 Beijing Agriculture Technology Extension Station, Beijing 100029, China
    2 Daxing District Agricultural Technology Demonstration Station, Beijing 102615, China
  • Received:2021-11-04 Revised:2022-08-17 Online:2023-02-19 Published:2023-02-19

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摘要：

为实现精准智能水肥管理，减少灌溉施肥量，提高果实品质，本研究构建基于光照、基质水分和回液电导率的灌溉决策和控制系统，以樱桃番茄作为试验对象，设置3个田间应用参数，对决策系统进行应用效果验证，对樱桃番茄的生物量、产量和品质进行综合评价。试验结果表明，该灌溉决策控制系统在樱桃番茄生长期间运行正常，可以有效代替人工进行水肥管理，当苗期、开花期、结果期光辐射分别达到200、400、100 J/cm2时启动灌溉，由基质相对含水量上限80%与实时相对含水量差值计算单次灌溉量，当灌溉液与回液EC差值大于1.0 mS/cm时，灌溉量上调1.3倍。该处理番茄植株较为粗壮，灌溉施肥量最少，提高了水肥生产效率，果实品质得到提升，适宜椰糠栽培樱桃番茄田间应用。

关键词: 光辐射, 水分, 回液, 灌溉决策, 樱桃番茄, 品质

Abstract:

The paper aims to achieve accurate and intelligent water and fertilizer management, reduce the amount of irrigation and fertilizer, and improve the quality of fruit. The irrigation decision-making and control system was constructed, and the irrigation scheme was based on light radiation, moisture and return solution conductivity. Cherry tomato was taken as the experimental object, three field application parameters were set to verify the application effect of the decision-making system. The fruit biomass, yield and quality of cherry tomato were determined. The results showed that the irrigation decision-making and control system worked normally during the growth period of cherry tomato. It could replace the manual management effectively. When the threshold of light radiation activation reached 200, 400 and 100 J/cm2 at seedling stage, flowering stage and fruiting stage respectively, irrigation was activated. The single irrigation amount was calculated from the difference between 80% of the upper limit of substrate relative water content and the real-time relative water content. When the EC difference between irrigation solution and return solution was greater than 1.0 mS/cm, the irrigation volume was increased by 1.3 times. The tomato plants in this treatment were stronger, the amount of irrigation and fertilizer was the least, the production efficiency of water and fertilizer was enhanced, and the fruit quality was improved. It is suitable for field application in cherry tomato cultivation with coconut bran.

Key words: light radiation, moisture, return solution, irrigation scheme, cherry tomato, quality