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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (1): 53-58.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0039

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

滇黄精对土壤真菌群落结构的影响

彭翠仙1(), 王灿1, 蔡群虎2, 李玲1, 张兴恒3, 陶永宏1()   

  1. 1 云南省文山州农业科学院，文山云南 663000
    2 云南三七科技有限公司，云南昆明 650106
    3 文山学院三七医药学院，云南文山 663000
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-16 修回日期:2023-04-25 出版日期:2024-01-16 发布日期:2024-01-16
  • 通讯作者:
    陶永宏，男，1983年出生，云南泸西人，研究员，博士，主要从事中药材种质资源遗传育种研究。通信地址：663000 云南省文山州文山州泰康西路2号 文山州农业科学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    彭翠仙，女，1988年出生，云南曲靖人，农艺师，硕士，主要从事中药材植物资源收集应用研究。通信地址：663000 云南省文山州文山州泰康西路2号 文山州农业科学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目“云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目”(202105AC160003); 文山州七乡学者项目“蒜头果神经酸资源可持续利用研究”(WS-QXXZ0011)

Effects of Wenshan Polygonatum kingianum on Soil Fungal Community Structure

PENG Cuixian1(), WANG Can1, CAI Qunhu2, LI Ling1, ZHANG Xingheng3, TAO Yonghong1()   

  1. 1 Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan 663000, Yunnan, China
    2 Company of Notoginseng science and technology, Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
    3 College of Notoginseng Medicine and Pharmacy, Wenshan University, Wenshan 663000, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2023-02-16 Revised:2023-04-25 Online:2024-01-16 Published:2024-01-16

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摘要：

微生物与药用植物的生长和发育息息相关，为了解3年生滇黄精Polygonatum kingianum根际与非根际土壤真菌群落结构差异，收集滇黄精根际(X)与非根际土壤(CK)，基于ITS rDNA对其真菌群落进行多样性分析。结果表明：根际与非根际土壤中排名前三的真菌分别是担子菌门Basidiomycota (CK 45.35%、X 34.48%)、子囊菌门Ascomycota (CK 25.55%、X 36.35%)和罗兹菌门Rozellomycota (CK 25.88%、X 23.34%)。多样性分析中处理间Ace和Chao1无显著差异，但在Simpson中X 0.91显著(P=0.037)高于CK 0.86。基于Unweighted Unifrac主坐标分析显示PCoA1（解释度31.43%）将CK和X处理分开，两者存在差异显著相似度较小(R2=0.544，P=0.008)。差异分析显示仅被孢霉门菌Mortierellomycota具有显著差异(P=0.006) X 4.78%显著高于CK 1.13%。LEfSe分析表明被孢霉门菌在根际土壤中显著富集，是导致处理间有显著差异的主要微生物。土壤EC值、有效N、有效P等和样品中担子菌门和被孢霉门菌有显著关联(P≤0.05)。其中差异真菌被孢霉门菌与有机质显著正关联，与有效N、P、pH和EC值显著负关联。种植滇黄精显著改变土壤中真菌群落结构，促进被孢霉门菌等益生菌显著富集。研究结果为筛选、挖掘滇黄精有益微生物及生防菌奠定基础，为通过调控根际微生物防治滇黄精土传病害提供技术支持，也为其他药用植物微生物育种与栽培提供新的思路。

关键词: 滇黄精, 真菌群落, 多样性, 根际土壤, ITS rDNA

Abstract:

Microorganisms are closely related to the growth and development of medicinal plants. To understand the structural differences between the fungal communities of 3-year-old Polygonatum kingianum rhizosphere and bulk soil, Polygonatum kingianum rhizosphere soil (X) and bulk soil (CK) were collected and their fungal communities were analyzed for diversity based on ITS rDNA. The results showed that the top 3 fungi in the rhizosphere soil and bulk soil were Basidiomycota (CK 45.35%, X 34.48%), Ascomycota (CK 25.55%, X 36.35%) and Rozellomycota (CK 25.88%, X 23.34%), respectively. There was no significant difference between treatments Ace and Chao1 in the diversity analysis, but X 0.91 was significantly (P=0.037) higher than CK 0.86 in Simpson. Unweighted Unifrac principal coordinates analysis showed that PCoA1 (31.43% of explanation) separated CK and X treatments, which differed significantly less similar (R2=0.544, P=0.008). Analysis of variance showed that only Mortierellomycota was significantly different (P=0.006), X (4.78%) was significantly higher than that of CK (1.13%). LefSe analysis showed that Mortierellomycota was significantly enriched in the inter-root soil and was the main microorganism responsible for significant differences between treatments. Soil EC, effective N, effective P, etc. and Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota in the samples were significantly associated (P≤0.05). Among them, the differential fungus Mortierellomycota was significantly positively associated with organic matter and significantly negatively associated with effective N, P, pH and EC values. Planting Dianthus caryophyllus significantly changed the fungal community structure in the soil and promoted significant enrichment of probiotic bacteria such as Mortierellomycota. The results of the study lay the foundation for the screening and excavation of beneficial microorganisms and biotrophic bacteria of Polygonatum kingianum, and provide technical support for the control of soil-borne diseases of Polygonatum kingianum through the regulation of rhizosphere microorganisms, and also provide new ideas for microbial breeding and cultivation of other medicinal plants.

Key words: Polygonatum kingianum, fungal community, diversity, rhizosphere soil, ITS rDNA