欢迎访问《农学学报》,

农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (1): 10-14.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0050

• 农艺科学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米自交系花丝及其结实性动态研究

杨美丽(), 王帮太, 鹿红卫, 苏玉杰, 赵树政, 程建梅, 王静, 郭华, 王志红(), 秦贵文   

  1. 鹤壁市农业科学院,河南鹤壁 458030
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-27 修回日期:2023-05-15 出版日期:2024-01-16 发布日期:2024-01-16
  • 通讯作者:
    王志红,女,1976年出生,河南浚县人,助理研究员,本科,主要从事机收玉米新品种选育及种质创新工作。通信地址:458030 河南省鹤壁市淇滨区漓江东路 鹤壁市农业科学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    杨美丽,女,1983年出生,河南开封人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事玉米抗病种质创新及新品种选育工作。通信地址:458030 河南省鹤壁市淇滨区漓江东路 鹤壁市农业科学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    河南省重大科技专项“机收玉米新品种选育及配套生产技术研究”(201300111100); 河南省科技攻关项目“玉米广谱抗南方锈病基因Rpp M的遗传解析及抗性种质创制”(232102110216)

Dynamic Study on Filaments and Seed Setting Rate of Maize Inbred Lines

YANG Meili(), WANG Bangtai, LU Hongwei, SU Yujie, ZHAO Shuzheng, CHENG Jianmei, WANG Jing, GUO Hua, WANG Zhihong(), QIN Guiwen   

  1. Hebi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hebi 458030, Henan, China
  • Received:2023-02-27 Revised:2023-05-15 Online:2024-01-16 Published:2024-01-16

摘要:

为探究不同玉米自交系花丝活力及其结实性动态变化规律。以玉米自交系‘浚696’、‘浚573’、‘浚503’、‘郑58’和‘昌7-2’为试验材料,测定花丝日吐丝长度和吐丝量、不同日龄花丝结实率和穗部性状等相关指标。结果显示不同自交系花丝日吐丝长度和花丝结实率均是先增后降;花丝日吐丝长度峰值在吐丝第2~3天;结实率峰值在吐丝第3~5天。花丝日吐丝量呈‘快-慢’的增长模式,吐丝第1~3天快速增长,‘浚696’花丝总量最少,‘昌7-2’花丝总量最多。授粉后第8天的小花受精率和总结实率均比第5天高,‘郑58’的小花受精率最大、‘浚696’的总结实率最高。‘浚696’、‘浚573’和‘浚503’不同日龄花丝结实率与其穗部各性状、日吐丝量和吐丝长度均呈显著或极显著正相关。研究结果为明确自交系花丝活性时间、掌握最佳授粉时期、提高自交系结实性和制种产量提供理论依据。

关键词: 玉米, 自交系, 花丝活力, 结实率, 动态研究

Abstract:

The aim was to investigate the dynamic changes in filament vitality and seed setting of different maize inbred lines. This study used maize inbred lines ‘Xun 696’, ‘Xun 573’, ‘Xun 503’, ‘Zheng 58’ and ‘Chang 7-2’ as experimental materials to measure relevant indicators such as daily filament length and quantity, filament setting rates and ear traits at different days. The results showed that the daily filament length and filament setting rate of different inbred lines increased first and then decreased; the peak of the daily spinning length of the flower silk was on the 2nd to 3rd day of spinning; the peak setting rate was on the 3rd to 5th day of silk spinning. The daily filament amount showed a ‘fast-slow’ growth pattern, with a rapid growth from the 1st to the 3rd days. The total amount of ‘Xun 696’ filament was the smallest, and the total amount of ‘Chang 7-2’ filament was the largest. On the 8th day after pollination, the fertilization rate and total fruiting rate of small flowers were higher than that on the 5th day, with ‘Zheng 58’ having the highest fertilization rate and ‘Xun 696’ having the highest total fruiting rate. The fruiting rate of silk at different days of age in ‘Xun 696’, ‘Xun 573’, and ‘Xun 503’ was significantly or extreme significantly positively correlated with various traits of their panicles, daily silk production, and silk production length. The research results provide a theoretical basis for clarifying the active time of the filaments of inbred lines, mastering the optimal pollination period, improving the seed setting and seed production yield of inbred lines.

Key words: corn, inbred lines, silk vitality, seed setting rate, dynamic study