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农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (9): 17-23.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0196

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

共热解生物炭对农田土壤镉污染修复及水稻吸收和积累镉的影响

陈伟1(), 俞倩2, 叶正钱3, 石艳平4()   

  1. 1 嘉善县农业农村局,浙江嘉善 314100
    2 嘉善县大云镇农业农村办,浙江嘉善 314113
    3 浙江农林大学/浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室,杭州 311300
    4 嘉兴市土肥植保与农村能源站,浙江嘉兴 314050
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-30 修回日期:2023-12-07 出版日期:2024-09-18 发布日期:2024-09-18
  • 通讯作者:
    石艳平,男,1983年出生,湖北黄冈人,农艺师,硕士,研究方向:土壤与肥料技术推广。通信地址:314050 浙江省嘉兴市南湖区花园路758号 嘉兴市农业农村局,Tel:0573-82872598,Email:
  • 作者简介:

    陈伟,男,1976年出生,浙江嘉兴人,高级农艺师,本科,研究方向:土壤肥料技术研究与推广。通信地址:314100 浙江省嘉兴市嘉善县人民大道1508号 嘉善县农业农村局,Tel:0573-84237127,Email:

  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“领雁”研发攻关计划项目“非粮化耕地障碍因子消减及快速复耕技术-非粮化耕地复耕培肥提质关键技术研发及推广示范”(2022C02022); “2023年嘉善县大云镇高标准农田改造提升(绿色农田)土壤改良项目”(A3304210580001044); 嘉兴市科技计划项目“农田重金属污染土壤原位治理关键技术研究与应用”(2021AZ10009)

Effects of Co-pyrolysis Biochar on Remediation of Cadmium Pollution in Farmland Soil and Absorption and Accumulation of Cadmium in Rice

CHEN Wei1(), YU Qian2, YE Zhengqian3, SHI Yanping4()   

  1. 1 Jiashan County Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Jiashan 314100, Zhejiang, China
    2 Agriculture and Rural Office of Dayun Town, Jiashan County, Jiashan 314113, Zhejiang, China
    3 Zhejiang A& F University/Key Laboratory of Bioremediation of Soil Pollution in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang, China
    4 Jiaxing Soil Fertilizer Plant Protection and Rural Energy Station, Jiaxing 314050, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2023-08-30 Revised:2023-12-07 Online:2024-09-18 Published:2024-09-18

摘要:

农田土壤镉(Cd)污染严重影响耕地质量和粮食安全,通过制备和应用共热解生物炭探究其对水稻吸收和积累Cd及改良土壤效果,以期为农田土壤Cd污染修复提供新材料。通过田间试验探究花生壳—玉米秸秆共热解生物炭的3种不同添加量对水稻各器官中Cd转运迁移特性及生物有效性的影响。结果表明:施用共热解生物炭可以降低水稻籽粒中Cd的积累,减少对水稻植株的毒害作用,增加土壤肥力并促进水稻植株生长。与不添加共热解生物炭相比,生物炭处理土壤pH提高0.06~0.12个单位,碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别增加37.20%~78.27%、49.62%~134.10%、20.79%~35.26%。添加共热解生物炭后土壤中有效态Cd含量显著下降11.11%~26.98%(P<0.05),水稻籽粒中Cd含量显著降低23.46%~47.49%(P<0.05)。田间应用花生壳—玉米秸秆共热解生物炭能够提高土壤肥力,改善土壤环境质量,降低水稻籽粒Cd含量,其中用量为15 t/hm2时效果最为显著。

关键词: 粮食安全, 土壤重金属污染, 生物炭, 土壤质量

Abstract:

Cadmium (Cd) pollution in farmland soil seriously affects the quality of cultivated land and food security. To provide new materials for the remediation of Cd pollution in farmland soil, the effects of co-pyrolysis biochar on Cd absorption and accumulation in rice and soil improvement were investigated by preparation and application of co-pyrolysis biochar. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of three different amounts of peanut shell-corn straw co-pyrolysis biochar on Cd transport and migration characteristics and bioavailability in various organs of rice. The results showed that the application of co-pyrolysis biochar could reduce the accumulation of Cd in rice grains, reduce the toxicity to rice plants, increase soil fertility and promote the growth of rice. Compared with no co-pyrolysis biochar addition, the soil pH of biochar treatment increased by 0.06-0.12 units, and the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 37.20%-78.27%, 49.62%-134.10% and 20.79%-35.26%, respectively. After adding co-pyrolysis biochar, the available Cd content in soil decreased significantly by 11.11%-26.98% (P<0.05), and the Cd content in rice grain decreased significantly by 23.46%-47.49% (P<0.05). The application of peanut shell-corn straw co-pyrolysis biochar in the field can improve soil fertility, soil environmental quality, and reduce Cd content in rice grains. The effect was most significantly when the amount of peanut shell-corn straw co-pyrolysis biochar was 15 t/hm2.

Key words: food security, soil heavy metal pollution, biochar, soil Quality