欢迎访问《农学学报》,

农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (10): 18-27.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0166

• 土壤肥料资源环境生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于GIS的崆峒区耕地质量等级及土壤养分特征研究

张涛(), 刘媛媛(), 李亚孺, 侯骞   

  1. 平凉市农业技术推广站, 甘肃平凉 744000
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-14 修回日期:2024-12-20 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-10-17
  • 通讯作者:
    刘媛媛,女,1991年出生,甘肃平凉人,农艺师,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤肥料学和农业技术推广方面的工作。通信地址:744000 甘肃省平凉市崆峒区广成路222号,Tel:0933-8296841,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张涛,男,1976年出生,甘肃平凉人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事农业技术推广工作。通信地址:744000 甘肃省平凉市崆峒区广成路222号,Tel:0933-8296841,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    平凉市科技局重点研发计划项目“平凉市耕地质量评价与利用研究”(平科任[2021]25号)

Research on Quality Grade of Cultivated Land and Soil Nutrient Characteristics in Kongtong District Based on GIS

ZHANG Tao(), LIU Yuanyuan(), LI Yaru, HOU Qian   

  1. Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Kongtong District, Pingliang City, Pingliang Gansu 744000
  • Received:2024-08-14 Revised:2024-12-20 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-10-17

摘要:

本研究旨在全面掌握甘肃省平凉市崆峒区耕地质量等级及土壤养分特征,为今后崆峒区耕地质量分区管理、保护与利用提供科学依据。利用崆峒区2021年耕地质量等级评价数据,基于GIS技术,对区域内耕地质量等级及土壤养分特征进行研究。结果表明:崆峒区耕地质量整体偏低,分布为四至十等地,八等地为主体耕地。其中,四至六等地占全区耕地总面积的33.58%,主要分布在四十里铺镇、白水镇、花所乡、草峰镇、大寨回族乡、大秦回族乡和峡门回族乡;七至十等地占全区耕地总面积的66.42%,主要分布在草峰镇、大寨回族乡、索罗乡、四十里铺镇、安国乡、西阳回族乡、麻武乡和峡门回族乡。崆峒区耕地土壤有机质含量多属低等水平,平均含量为14.99 g/kg;全氮含量多属低等和较低等水平,平均含量为0.78 g/kg;有效磷含量多属较低等和中等水平,平均含量为17.98 mg/kg;速效钾含量多属较高等水平,平均含量为318.67 mg/kg。几种主要土类中,淤育土有机质和全氮平均含量最低,黑垆土有效磷和速效钾平均含量最低。崆峒区耕地质量提升重点在于增施有机肥,提高氮肥利用率,加大中低产田改良力度,实行符合崆峒区实际的耕地轮作休耕制度,提高耕地集约利用程度,促进耕地资源永续利用。

关键词: 崆峒区, 耕地质量, 等级评价, GIS技术, 土壤养分特征, 轮作休耕

Abstract:

The study aimed to master the quality grade and soil nutrient characteristics of cultivated land in Kongtong District, Pingliang City, Gansu Province, and to provide scientific basis for the future management, protection and utilization of cultivated land quality. Using the cultivated land quality grade evaluation data of 2021 in Kongtong District, the cultivated land quality grade and soil nutrient characteristics in the region were studied based on GIS technology. The results showed that the cultivated land quality in Kongtong District was generally low, and the cultivated land was distributed from 4th grade to 10th grade, the 8th grade land was the main cultivated land. Among them, the 4th to 6th grade land accounted for 33.58% of the total area of cultivated land, they were mainly distributed in Sishilipu Town, Baishui Town, Huasuo Town, Caofeng Town, Dazhai Town, Daqin Town and Xiamen Town; the 7th to 10th grade land accounted for 66.42% of the total area of cultivated land, they were mainly distributed in Caofeng Town, Dazhai Town, Suoluo Town, Sishilipu Town, Anguo Town, Xiyang Town, Mawu Town and Xiamen Town. The soil organic matter content of cultivated land in Kongtong District was mostly at the low level, with an average content of 14.99 g/kg; the total nitrogen content was mostly at the low and lower levels, with an average content of 0.78 g/kg; the available phosphorus content was mostly at the low and medium level, with an average content of 17.98 mg/kg; the content of available potassium was mostly at the high level, with an average content of 318.67 mg/kg. Among the main soil types, the average content of organic matter and total nitrogen in silted soil was the lowest, while the average content of available phosphorus and available potassium in black loessial soil was the lowest. The key for improving the quality of cultivated land in Kongtong District lies in increasing the application of organic fertilizer, improving nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency, intensifying efforts to improve medium and low yield fields, implementing the cultivated land rotation fallow system in line with the actual situation in Kongtong District, improving the degree of intensive use of cultivated land, and promoting the sustainable use of cultivated land resources.

Key words: Kongtong District, cultivated land quality, grade evaluation, GIS technology, soil nutrient characteristics, rotation and fallowing