关键词: 气候变化, 气候变化, 农业, 湘西

Abstract: In order to controlling the epidemic of stripe rust, reducing the cost and pollution of pesticide, suppressing the spread amount of inoculum source, and ensuring safe production and sustainable development of wheat producing areas, comprehensive prevention technology research of wheat stripe rust was performed in Nanchong, Sichuan Province. Through systemic monitoring and census in the field, wheat resistance identification, stripe rust physiological race inspection, comprehensive treatment and meteorological data analysis, the results was obtained and indicated that: the stripe rust resistance of major wheat cultivars was reduced year by year with the increasing of planting years, and then been phased out; it can effectively reduce the epidemic of stripe rust by replacing a new wheat cultivar with different resistance sources every 3 – 5 years, and completing rational distribution of wheat cultivars. The results of comprehensive treatment first proved that: the control efficiency of wheat stripe rust by intercropping of wheat and other crops could up to 14.84% – 62.89%; pursue dressing seeds and healthy cultivation could delay and reduce the epidemic of stripe rust, reduce the amount of overwinter inoculum source and spring prevalence; the best controlling proposal is that spraying pesticides thrice in jointing stage, booting stage and flowering stage, respectively; the suitable dosage of 25% propiconazole is 600 mL/hm2 – 650 mL/hm2. Prevention demonstrating and emergency controlling could improve the control effect significantly, and lead to implement the large area controlling. Since 1999, the occurrence frequency of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong as much as 81.25%. However, the actual loss ratio of wheat production were all under 2% by applied the comprehensive prevention technology (except 2002, the stripe rust catastrophic epidemic year), as well as 3,125 t pesticide have be saved.