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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (1): 12-17.

所属专题： 烟草种植与生产

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

外来入侵烟粉虱生物特性及其种群数量变动规律研究

李达林 汪恩国 林凌伟   

  • 收稿日期:2011-08-04 修回日期:2011-10-21 出版日期:2012-01-10 发布日期:2012-01-10

Study on Biological Characteristics and Population Dynamics of Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in Growing Vegetables in the Suburbs

Li Dalin   

  • Received:2011-08-04 Revised:2011-10-21 Online:2012-01-10 Published:2012-01-10

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摘要：

为了揭示外来入侵烟粉虱种群数量季节性消长和年度间变动规律，提高监测与防控水平，2005—2010年通过饲养观察以及采用塑料黄板涂抹机油系统诱集烟粉虱成虫等方法研究。结果表明，烟粉虱种群季节性消长呈双峰型曲线变化，其夏峰期在5月中旬至9月上旬，其夏峰量占当年总量的66.29%，其秋峰期在10月中旬至11月下旬，出现频率为50%，其秋峰量占当年总量的17.3%，随后转入大棚和温暖的露地越冬场所越冬，在露地越冬频率为20%；年度间种群运动呈二项式曲线变化：M露地=312.21N2-6187.1N+30787（n=5，r=0.9834**），M大棚= 564.7 N2-10506N+49013（n=5，r=0.9967**）。影响种群变化主要有基数、气候、耕作和洪涝等，其中气温是关键因子，其烟粉虱虫口密度（M）随气温（T℃）的变化而变化，其线性关系模型为M=0.607T-4.0645，n=36；r=0.6826**；其曲线关系模型为M =0.0071T2+0.3513T-2.2188，n=36；r=0.6846**，当旬平均气温在8~10℃时种群处存活临界状态，当旬平均气温在10~20℃时种群数量处低密度状态并呈低位运行，当旬平均气温处20℃以上时种群数量随气温升高而升高，当旬平均气温处30℃以上时种群数量呈回落态势。

关键词: 植物生长调节剂, 植物生长调节剂, 马铃薯, 产量, 品质, 研究进展

Abstract:

In order to explore the biological characteristics and population dynamics of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in growing vegetables in the suburbs, and improve monitoring and control techniques, using rearing and trapping adult whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) with oil painting yellow plastic plates during 2005-2010, the results showed that: whitefly can occur 11 generations in Linhai area of mid-Zhejiang Province and generations overlap seriously, the formation of began to gradual increase in June and rapid increase after July, and peaked from August to September, and fall as temperatures after mid-October in population by rearing indoor, and by monitoring outdoor the formation of adults can occur a year in greenhouse ,and can be to the overwinter of 20% in the open, its overwinter critical temperature is 8-8.5℃ (60 days average temperature from mid-December to mid-February next year) . Annual population dynamics of whitefly can be described by bimodal curve, and the peak times is synchronization between in the open and greenhouse, the summer peak usually appears during mid-May and early September, and the autumn peak usually comes between mid-October and late November. There are three main factors effecting whitefly population: base population, climate, farming system and flood inundation. The most important factor is temperature，the whitefly population density (M)is changing with temperature (T℃), the linear relationship can be described by model: M=0.607T-4.0645, n=36; r=0.6826**, and the curve model is M = 0.0071T2+0.3513T-2.2188, n=36; r=0.6846**. When 10 days average temperature between 8-10℃, the whitefly population is in survival critical situation；and 10 days average temperature between 10-20℃, the population density will keep small, when 10 days average temperature above 20℃, the population will increase very fast with the increasing of temperature, but 10 days average temperature keeps above 30℃, the whitefly population will decrease to a comparative bust. Afterword, the population will increase to the peak again, and cause heavy damage of autumn vegetable production.