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农学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (1): 171-174.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2018-1-171

所属专题: 资源与环境 农业学科与产业发展 农业生态

• 新兴及交叉学科发展篇 • 上一篇    下一篇

畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用与现代生态养殖模式

吴信, 万丹, 印遇龙()   

  1. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室/畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室/湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心/农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站,长沙 410125
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-06 修回日期:2017-11-23 出版日期:2018-01-20 发布日期:2020-04-22
  • 通讯作者: 印遇龙 E-mail:yinyulong@isa.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:吴信,男,1979年出生,河南周口人,副研究员,博士,从事动物生态营养方面的研究。通信地址:410125 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区远大二路644号 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,Tel:0731-84619767,E-mail:wuxin@isa.ac.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“茶园化肥农药减施增效技术集成研究与示范”(2016YFD0200900);国家重点研发计划项目“畜禽营养代谢与中毒性疾病防控技术研究”(2016YFD0501201);湖南农业科技创新资金项目“畜禽废弃物安全高效资源化利用创新团队”(2017YC03)

Modern Ecological Breeding Mode and Resource Utilization of Livestock Wastes

Wu Xin, Wan Dan, Yin Yulong()   

  1. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
  • Received:2017-11-06 Revised:2017-11-23 Online:2018-01-20 Published:2020-04-22
  • Contact: Yin Yulong E-mail:yinyulong@isa.ac.cn

摘要:

养殖业不仅为人类提供丰富的食物来源,还可提供有机肥原料,改善土壤生态环境,促进种植业增产增收,因此是一个与人类食物链和生态环境关系十分密切的产业,是一个既能影响土壤生态,又能影响种植业和人类食品安全的“承上启下”的产业。合理适度的养殖,有利于保持生态平衡,实现农业可持续发展。当前,中国养殖业还存在加工比重小、技术落后、高耗低效等问题;同时,由于集约化、规模化养殖的发展,畜禽养殖污染产生量大、处理成本高、综合利用率低,科学合理地处理养殖废弃物已成为农村环境保护治理的紧迫任务。笔者回顾了养殖业产业发展历程,总结了中国在养殖业领域取得的重要成果,分析了当前国内养殖业面临的养殖废弃物处理问题,凝练出了国内当前养殖业废弃物处理的形势任务,提出发展现代生态养殖是解决中国畜牧业转型升级过程中出现的新问题的必然选择,并对此展望了未来发展前景和趋势。

关键词: 养殖业, 现代生态养殖模式, 畜禽废弃物, 可持续发展

Abstract:

Livestock farming is an essential activity in many rural areas, where it contributes to the maintenance of soil fertility, ecological environment, promoting crop yield and farmland biodiversity, as well as to a set of social public goods including food security, rural vitality and culture. Therefore, livestock industry is the pivotal link between the human food chain and the ecological environment. Rational and appropriate livestock breeding is beneficial to maintain ecological balance and realize sustainable development of agriculture. At present, China remains the technology-lagged country with a high-cost-low-efficiency livestock industry, and only a small proportion of livestock products intensive processed. Meanwhile, due to the development of intensive and large-scale farming, it produced a large quantity of livestock waste, with a low rate of comprehensive utilization and a high cost for innocent treatments. The scientific and reasonable treatment of livestock waste has become an urgent task for rural environmental management. The authors reviewed the development of poultry breeding industry, summarized the achievements made in the field of livestock industry in China, analyzed the problem of livestock waste processing of the current livestock industry that facing, proposed the urgent mission for livestock wastes resource utilization, and the development of modern ecological culture is the inevitable choice to solve the new problems appearing in the process of the transformation and upgrading of Chinese animal husbandry in this regard. The development prospects and trends of livestock wastes resource utilization were also included in this review.

Key words: Livestock, Modern Ecological Culture, Livestock Wastes, Sustainable Development

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