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农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (10): 25-32.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0227

所属专题: 油料作物

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

鲁东南棕壤花生产区土壤养分状况及肥力评价——以沂南县为例

郭艳萍1(), 唐洪杰1(), 刘德友1, 姚静1, 黄金丽2   

  1. 1 临沂市农业科学院,山东临沂 276012
    2 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-11 修回日期:2024-04-08 出版日期:2024-10-20 发布日期:2024-10-17
  • 通讯作者:
    唐洪杰,男,1979年出生,山东临沭人,正高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事农业质量安全与标准及作物遗传改良研究。通信地址:276012 山东省临沂市兰山区涑河北街351号 临沂市农业科学院,Tel:0539-8531516,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    郭艳萍,女,1984年出生,山东临沂人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事土壤改良修复和生态循环农业研究。通信地址:276012 山东省临沂市兰山区涑河北街351号 临沂市农业科学院,Tel:0539-8531516,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    山东省现代农业产业技术体系花生创新团队项目“临沂综合试验站”(SDAIT-04-12); 山东省农业技术推广专项资金项目“花生高产稳产技术应用示范”(SDTG-2016-08)

Soil Nutrient Status and Fertility Evaluation in Brown Soil Peanut Production Area of outheastern Shandong Province: A Case Study of Yinan County

GUO Yanping1(), TANG Hongjie1(), LIU Deyou1, YAO Jing1, HUANG Jinli2   

  1. 1 Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linyi 276012, Shandong, China
    2 Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2023-10-11 Revised:2024-04-08 Online:2024-10-20 Published:2024-10-17

摘要:

本研究旨在评估鲁东南棕壤花生产区的土壤肥力状况,以期为花生产区土壤养分资源管理提供参考依据。选取典型棕壤的沂南县花生产区的土样,测定土壤容重、pH及各营养成分指标。结果表明:鲁东南花生产区棕壤耕地以通透性不良型地块为主,土壤团粒结构较差,通透性较低;多呈酸性或微酸性,土壤酸化严重;有机质和磷、钙含量相对丰富;供氮能力适中,但容量较小,氮素营养潜在性缺乏;供钾强度较小,潜力太低,潜在性钾素营养严重匮乏;有效锰缺乏,有效硼适中,而有效铜、有效锌和有效铁、有效钼的含量相对丰富。在直接影响花生生长的六项主要评价指标中,除pH和速效钾水平4级,速效氮水平3级外,其他3项指标水平均为2级。鲁东南棕壤的养分分布不均衡,耕地酸化较严重,氮养分适中,钾营养严重匮乏,磷、钙营养丰富,通过深耕松土,补充氮素,增施钾肥,配方施肥等农艺措施,加厚活土层,提高保肥保水能力,改善土壤环境,比较适宜花生生长发育。该区域棕壤还具备利于提高花生产量和品质的微量元素条件,属于花生中产田的肥沃土壤。

关键词: 鲁东南, 花生, 花生生产区, 棕壤, 养分分布, 土壤养分管理, 土壤肥力, 肥力评价, 农艺措施

Abstract:

The study aims to clarify the soil fertility status of the brown soil peanut production area in southeastern Shandong, and provide reference for the management of soil nutrient resources in the peanut production area. The soil samples of peanut production area in Yinan County, a typical brown soil, were selected to determine soil bulk density, pH and various nutrient components. The results showed that the brown soil farmland in the peanut production area of southeastern Shandong was mainly composed of poorly permeable plots, with poor soil aggregate structure and low permeability; it was mostly acidic or slightly acidic, with severe soil acidification; organic matter, phosphorus and calcium content were relatively abundant; nitrogen supply capacity was moderate, but with small capacity, potential for nitrogen nutrition was lacking; the potassium supply intensity was relatively small, the potential was too low, and the potential potassium nutrition was severely lacking; effective manganese was lacking, effective boron was moderate, while the content of effective copper, effective zinc, effective iron, and effective molybdenum were relatively abundant. Among the six main evaluation indicators that directly affect peanut growth, except for pH and available potassium level at level 4 and available nitrogen level at level 3, other three indicators were all at level 2. The distribution of nutrients in brown soil in southeastern Shandong was uneven, with severe acidification of farmland, moderate nitrogen nutrients, severe potassium deficiency, and abundant phosphorus and calcium nutrients. Through deep tillage and loosening of the soil, supplementing nitrogen, increasing potassium fertilizer application, formula fertilization and other agricultural measures, the active soil layer was thickened, the fertilizer and water retention capacity was improved, and the soil environment was improved, which was more suitable for the growth and development of peanuts. The brown soil in this area also had trace element conditions that were conducive to improving peanut yield and quality, making it a fertile soil for peanut production.

Key words: Southeast Shandong, peanuts, peanut production area, brown soil, nutrient distribution, soil nutrient management, soil fertility, fertility evaluation, agricultural practices