硅对长期干旱胁迫下甘草生理特性的影响

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0081

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提高人工栽培的甘草质量，以乌拉尔甘草为试验材料在榆林学院进行盆栽试验，对其在干旱胁迫下添加外源硅后的生物量、生理生化指标、根系解剖结构进行分析和评价。结果表明：外源硅的添加显著提升了干旱胁迫下甘草干物质的积累；显著促进甘草酸和甘草苷的合成；干旱胁迫下外源硅添加使根干重由0.93 g/株提高到1.31 g/株；促进了甘草苷和甘草酸的合成累积、降低了丙二醛含量、增加了叶片脯氨酸含量和根系可溶性糖含量，提高了木质部面积/横截面面积和韧皮部/解剖横截面积；外源硅添加使2种土壤水分状态下甘草整株水力学导度显著提高了39.15%和302%，且甘草整株水力学导度和根系伤流量与甘草产量呈显著正相关。干旱胁迫下外源硅的添加提高了甘草品质、促进了次生代谢物的合成累积、提高了根系吸水效率和整株水力学导度并参与根系组织在逆境中的建成，从而提高了甘草产量。

关键词: 乌拉尔甘草, 品质, 生理生化指标, 干旱胁迫, 水力学特性, 根系解剖结构, 次生代谢物, 外源硅

Abstract:

To improve the quality of artificially cultivated licorice, a pot experiment was conducted at Yulin University using Ural licorice as the experimental material to analyze and evaluate its biomass, physiological and biochemical indicators, and root anatomical structure after adding exogenous silicon under drought stress. The results showed that the addition of exogenous silicon significantly increased the accumulation of dry matter in licorice under drought stress; the synthesis of glycyrrhetinic acid and glycyrrhizinwas significantly promoted; under drought stress, exogenous silicon addition increased root dry weight from 0.93 g/plant to 1.31 g/plant; the synthesis and accumulation of glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acidwere promoted, malondialdehyde contentwas reduced, leaf proline content and root soluble sugar contentwere increased, and xylem area/cross-sectional area and phloem/anatomical cross-sectional areawere increased; The addition of exogenous silicon significantly increased the hydraulic conductivity of licorice plants by 39.15% and 302% under two different soil moisture conditions, and the hydraulic conductivity and root injury volume of licorice plants were significantly positively correlated with licorice yield. The addition of exogenous silicon under drought stress improved the quality of licorice, promoted the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites, enhanced root water absorption efficiency and overall hydraulic conductivity, and participated in the formation of root tissues under stress, thereby increasing licorice yield.

Key words: Ural licorice, quality, physiological and biochemical indicators, drought stress, hydraulic characteristics, anatomical structure, secondary metabolites, exogenous silicon

刘小燕, 娄立, 张楠, 令兆勋, 张澳旗, 张万民, 严加坤. 硅对长期干旱胁迫下甘草生理特性的影响[J]. 农学学报, 2025, 15(4): 13-21.

LIU Xiaoyan, LOU Li, ZHANG Nan, LING Zhaoxun, ZHANG Aoqi, ZHANG Wanming, YAN Jiakun. Effect of Silicon on Physiological Characteristics of Licorice Under Long-term Drought Stress[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(4): 13-21.

图/表 11

图1. 外源硅添加对地上生物量和甘草产量的影响

图2. 2种土壤水分状态下外源硅添加对甘草苷和甘草酸的影响

图3. 2种土壤水分状态下外源硅添加对根系Si含量的影响

图4. 2种土壤水分状态下外源硅添加对Fv/Fm和PSII的影响

图5. 2种土壤水分状态下外源硅添加对叶片MDA和脯氨酸含量的影响

图6. 2种土壤水分状态下外源硅添加对叶溶性糖和淀粉、根溶性糖和淀粉的影响

图7. 2种土壤水分状态下外源硅添加对Kplant和RE的影响

图8. 2种土壤水分状态下外源硅添加对叶片的影响

图9. 地上生物量与根系伤伤流的相关性

图10. 地上生物量与根与Kplant的相关性

图11. 2种土壤水分条件下施用Si对根系解剖结构的影响

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