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农学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (2): 23-29.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191200296

所属专题: 玉米 烟草种植与生产

• 农艺科学/生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施氮水平下增密对玉米产量及抗倒伏性状的影响

刘佳敏(), 汪洋, 牛金璨, 张志如, 刘志彬, 朱秋会, 叶优良, 黄玉芳()   

  1. 河南农业大学,郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-07 修回日期:2020-04-29 出版日期:2021-02-20 发布日期:2021-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 黄玉芳 E-mail:3030398322@qq.com;503593726@qq.com
  • 作者简介:刘佳敏,女,1995年出生,河南汤阴人,研究生,研究方向为植物营养学。通信地址:450002河南郑州金水区文化路63号 河南农业大学文化路校区,E-mail:3030398322@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“肥料氮素迁移转化过程与损失阻控机制”(2017YFD0200100);国家重点研发计划“黄淮海夏玉米化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2017YFD0200600)

Effects of Densification on Corn Yield and Lodging Resistance Under Different Nitrogen Levels

Liu Jiamin(), Wang Yang, Niu Jincan, Zhang Zhiru, Liu Zhibin, Zhu Qiuhui, Ye Youliang, Huang Yufang()   

  1. Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2019-12-07 Revised:2020-04-29 Online:2021-02-20 Published:2021-02-24
  • Contact: Huang Yufang E-mail:3030398322@qq.com;503593726@qq.com

摘要:

本文旨在探究不同施氮水平下增密对玉米产量及抗倒伏性状的影响,为制定大田玉米的种植密度和施氮量提供理论依据。试验结合两种玉米品种、两种密度、三种施氮水平,分析比较不同处理对玉米产量、抗倒伏性状及经济效益的影响。结果表明,本试验条件下品种之间相比,‘北青340’在产量、茎粗及抗折力方面均处于较高水平,故‘北青340’在产量和抗倒伏方面都要强于‘登海605’。干物质量出现差异后,各生育阶段干物质均表现为N180>N360>N0;株高、穗位高不能单独作为判断倒伏性能的标准,基部节间茎秆抗折力的提高可以降低作物长高带来的倒伏风险。增密提高了经济效益,同时也增加了倒伏风险;相同密度条件下,抗倒伏性状在N180水平下表现最好,不施或者过量施肥反而会提高玉米的倒伏风险。

关键词: 玉米, 倒伏, 氮肥, 种植密度, 产量

Abstract:

The paper aims at exploring the effect of density increasing on corn yield and lodging resistance under different nitrogen application levels, so as to provide a basis for establishing planting density and nitrogen application amount of corn in field. With two corn varieties, two densities and three nitrogen levels, we studied the effects of different treatments on yield, lodging resistance and economic benefits. The results showed that the yield, stem diameter and bending resistance of ‘Beiqing 340’ were higher than those of ‘Denghai 605’. Under the condition of high density, the yield of ‘Denghai 605’ was significantly reduced by applying excessive nitrogen fertilizer. The dry matter of each growth stage was N180 > N360 > N0; plant height and ear height could not be used as the standard for judging lodging performance alone, and the improvement of basal internode stem bending resistance could reduce the lodging risk that increased with the crop growth. To increase the planting density would raise the economic benefits as well as the lodging risk. Under the same density, the lodging resistance was the best at N180 level, no or excessive fertilization would both increase the lodging risk.

Key words: Maize, Lodging, Nitrogen Fertilizer, Planting Density, Yield

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