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农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (10): 89-94.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0160

• 三农问题研究 农村产业结构 • 上一篇    下一篇

长江流域发展机采棉的现状与展望

王琼珊(), 王孝刚, 夏松波, 张教海, 秦鸿德, 冯常辉, 张友昌, 别墅()   

  1. 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业农村部长江中游棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,武汉 430072
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-09 修回日期:2023-03-11 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2023-10-17
  • 通讯作者: 别墅,男,1964年出生,研究员,博士,主要从事棉花生理研究。通信地址:430072 湖北省武汉市洪山区南湖大道43号 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,E-mail:bieshu02@163.com
  • 作者简介:

    王琼珊,女,1989年出生,副研究员,博士,主要从事棉花种质创新与栽培技术研究。通信地址:430072 湖北省武汉市洪山区南湖大道43号 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家棉花产业技术体系“国家棉花产业技术体系土壤管理岗位”(CARS-15-12); 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金“GhKCS13介导采摘期低温致棉花脱叶的分子机制研究”(31901507); 湖北省农业科技创新中心项目“适于轻简化机械化的棉花新品种选育和综合技术集成研究”(2021-620-000-001-006); 湖北省棉花科技支撑计划(2022); 湖北洪山实验室重大科研项目“适宜湖北棉花生产的早熟宜机采全程机械化生产模式创新与试验示范”(2021hszd006)

Present Situation and Prospect of Developing Machine Picked Cotton in the Yangtze River Basin

WANG Qiongshan(), WANG Xiaogang, XIA Songbo, ZHANG Jiaohai, QIN Hongde, FENG Changhui, ZHANG Youchang, BIE Shu()   

  1. Industrial Crops Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Breeding in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
  • Received:2022-11-09 Revised:2023-03-11 Online:2023-10-20 Published:2023-10-17

摘要:

分析了目前国际国内形势复杂变化的情况下,发展长江流域机采棉产业的现状和必要性,明确了长江流域发展机采棉的优势,分析了机采棉推广面临的问题与挑战,探讨了长江流域机采棉发展的战略。对以下几个方面提出合理化建议:长江流域机采棉发展区域化优化布局;充分利用本区域冬闲田发展小麦、油菜作物;在长江流域两湖(洞庭湖、鄱阳湖)两江(长江、汉江)近700000 hm2滩涂旱地宜棉区扩大种植棉油(麦)双直播双机采;形成以棉增油、棉油双稳的格局。

关键词: 机采棉, 长江流域, 现状, 展望, 优化布局

Abstract:

Based on the analysis of the complex changes of the international and domestic cotton situation, this paper describes the current situation and necessity of developing the machine picked cotton industry in the Yangtze River Basin. The advantages of developing machine picked cotton are clarified. We expound the problems and challenges faced by the popularization of machine picked cotton, and discuss the development strategy of machine picked cotton. We provide rational suggestions for the following aspects. The regional and optimized layout for mechanized cotton harvesting shall be developed in the Yangtze River basin. Make full use of the winter fallow fields in the region to develop wheat and rape crops. In the two lakes (Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake) and the two rivers (Yangtze River and Hanjiang River) areas of the Yangtze River Basin, cotton and rape (wheat) double direct seeding and double machine harvesting shall be expanded in nearly 700 thousand hectares of tidal flat and dry land suitable for cotton production. Form a pattern of increasing cotton area and stabilizing rape area in the Yangtze River Basin.

Key words: machine picked cotton, Yangtze River Basin, current situation, prospect, optimize layout