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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (3): 49-54.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas19010012

所属专题： 土壤重金属污染； 水稻

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻不同生育期镉吸收与积累特征研究

倪中应1(), 章明奎2(), 王京文3, 李丹3, 石一珺1   

  1. (1)桐庐县农业和林业技术推广中心,浙江桐庐 311500
    (2)浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州 310058
    (3)杭州市植保土肥总站,杭州 310020
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-06 修回日期:2019-03-10 出版日期:2020-03-30 发布日期:2020-03-29
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划专项“农田地质高背景重金属污染机理研究”(2017YFD0800305);浙江省农业厅“桐庐县农业‘两区’土壤污染治理试点试验”

Cadmium Uptake and Accumulation in Rice at Different Growth Stages

Zhongying Ni1(), Mingkui Zhang2(), Jingwen Wang3, Dan Li3, Yijun Shi1   

  1. (1)Agricultural and Forestry Technology Promotion Center of Tonglu County, Tonglu 311500, Zhejiang, China
    (2)College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
    (3)Hangzhou Plant Protection and Soil-fertilizer Station, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2019-01-06 Revised:2019-03-10 Online:2020-03-30 Published:2020-03-29

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摘要：

旨在为针对性地提出消减稻谷镉积累防控措施提供依据,选择镉轻污染和重污染两种土壤,采用盆栽方法分别栽培镉低吸收（‘秀水519’）和镉高吸收（‘浙优18’）两个水稻品种,在水稻不同生育期采集整株水稻,测量与分析水稻各器官干物质积累与镉的含量。结果表明,‘浙优18’的各器官镉含量明显高于‘秀水519’,镉积累由高至低依次为：根>茎>叶>谷;各生育期根部镉积累占整个植株总镉的比例在50%以上,且水稻前期高于后期;茎部占整个植株镉的比例在镉重污染土壤中高于镉轻污染土壤,镉高吸收水稻品种中高于镉低吸水稻品种。在镉轻污染土壤中,水稻对土壤镉的吸收主要发生在分蘖期和孕穗期,后期各器官中镉含量随生长呈现下降;而在镉重污染土壤中,从分蘖期至乳熟期水稻均对土壤镉有较强的吸收,多数器官镉积累随生长呈现增加。研究表明,分蘖期至灌浆期是控制水稻镉吸收的重要时期,而灌浆期至黄熟期是控制水稻植株内镉由茎叶向籽粒转移的关键时期。

关键词: 水稻品种, 生育期, 吸收与分布, 土壤, 镉污染, 控制技术

Abstract:

To provide a scientific basis for prevention and control measures of reducing cadmium accumulation in rice, two kinds of soils, lightly and heavily contaminated by cadmium, were selected for cultivating two rice varieties, low-cadmium-absorption variety (‘Xiushui 519’) and high-cadmium-absorption variety (‘Zheyou 18’) by pot experiment, respectively. The whole rice plant was collected at different growth stages, and the dry matter accumulation and the cadmium content were analyzed. The results showed that the cadmium contents in all organs of ‘Zheyou 18’ were significantly higher than those of ‘Xiushui 519’, and the order of cadmium accumulation was: root > stem > leaf > grain. The proportion of root cadmium accumulation in the whole plant was more than 50% at all growth stages, and was higher in early stage than that in late stage. The proportion of stem cadmium accumulation in the whole plant was higher in heavily polluted soils than that of the lightly polluted soils, and higher in rice plant with high cadmium uptake capacity than in that with low cadmium uptake capacity. In lightly polluted soils, the uptake of cadmium by rice mainly occurred at tillering and booting stage, and the cadmium content in the various organs decreased with rice growth at the later stage. In heavily polluted soils, rice absorbed cadmium strongly from tillering stage to milking stage, and cadmium accumulation in most of the organs increased with growth. In general, the growth period from tillering stage to filling stage is an important period to control cadmium uptake in rice, and that from filling stage to yellow maturity stage is the key period to control cadmium transfer from stem, leaf to grain in rice.

Key words: Rice Varieties, Growth Period, Uptake and Distribution, Cadmium Pollution, Soil, Control Technology

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