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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (1): 92-99.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0277

• 农业信息 农业气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

武威优质梨气候品质评价指标设计——以凉州区皇冠梨为例

胡丽莉1(), 胡敏2(), 郭艳兰3, 蒋菊芳1, 谢万银1   

  1. 1 武威国家气候观象台，甘肃武威 733000
    2 武威市农业技术推广中心，甘肃武威 733000
    3 武威市林业科学研究院，甘肃武威 733000
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-28 修回日期:2024-08-15 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-01-13
  • 通讯作者:
    胡敏，女，1980年出生，甘肃武威人，高级农艺师，硕士研究生，研究方向：农技推广技术服务。通信地址：733000 甘肃省武威市农业技术推广中心，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    胡丽莉，女，1983年出生，甘肃武威人，高级工程师，本科，研究方向：应用气象与气象服务研究工作。通信地址：733000 甘肃省武威市气象局，Tel：0935-6154121，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省气象局“青年优秀科技人才”项目“武威皇冠梨气候品质评估体系及气候适宜性研究”(2019039); 甘肃省气象局面上项目“基层农业气象灾害风险预估业务服务研究”(Ms2024-D-10)

Evaluation Index Design of Climatological Quality for Wuwei Premium Pear: A Case Study of Liangzhou Crown Pear

HU Lili1(), HU Min2(), GUO Yanlan3, JIANG Jufang1, XIE Wanyin1   

  1. 1 Wuwei National Climate Observatory, Wuwei Gansu 733000
    2 Wuwei Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Wuwei Gansu 733000
    3 Wuwei Academy of Forestry, Wuwei Gansu 733000
  • Received:2023-11-28 Revised:2024-08-15 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-01-13

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摘要：

本研究通过设计凉州皇冠梨气候品质评价指标，探讨了果品品质气候品质认证方法，为开展本地优质梨气候品质认证提供技术支撑。利用2016—2022年在选定试验地气象观测资料及果品品质观测资料，通过相关性分析找出与皇冠梨果品品质有明显生物学意义的气象因子，通过这些敏感气象因子，利用熵权法，建立关系矩阵、评判集、权重集、设计皇冠梨品质气候评价指标。结果表明：（1）本地皇冠梨生育期温度适宜指标为：开花期10~16℃、挂果期12~18℃、幼果成熟到成熟期15~25℃，有效降水量为≥0.1 mm；（2）影响皇冠梨主要品质敏感气象因子是成熟期和营养累计期内的气象因子。（3）皇冠梨气象评价是从适宜气候条件中除去灾害性的天气影响，评价结果划分为特优、优、一般3个等级。（4）以2022年实验基地皇冠梨观测数据为例，综合评价了其果品品质，综合得出成熟期评价86.865分，属于优等品。本研究气候品质综合评价方式不仅在模块构建上有别于现行的定性模式，更在数据分析、标准建立上突出了创新，适用于本地皇冠梨气候品质的定量评价。

关键词: 皇冠梨, 气候品质, 评价, 指标, 熵权法, 气象因子

Abstract:

Design of climate quality evaluation index for Liangzhou crown pear, the method of climate quality certification of fruit quality were discussed in this paper, which provided technical support for local high quality pear climate quality certification. Using the meteorological observation data and fruit quality observation data from selected test sites from 2016 to 2022, the meteorological factors with obvious biological significance to the fruit quality of crown pear were identified through correlation analysis. Through these sensitive meteorological factors, the entropy weight method was used to establish the relationship matrix, evaluation set and weight set, and the climate evaluation index of crown pear quality. The results showed: (1)the optimum temperature indexes of the local crown pear during its growth stage were 10-16℃ at flowering stage, 12-18℃ at fruiting stage, 15-25℃ from young fruit maturity to maturity stage, and the effective precipitation was ≥0.1 mm. (2)The main meteorological factors affecting the quality of crown pear were the meteorological factors during the ripening stage and the nutrient accumulation period. (3)The meteorological evaluation of crown pear was to remove the disastrous weather effects from the suitable climatic conditions, and the evaluation results were divided into three grades: excellent, good and general. (4)Taking the observation data of crown pear in the experimental base in 2022 as an example, the fruit quality was comprehensively evaluated, and the maturity evaluation score was 86.865, which belonged to the excellent product. The comprehensive meteorological evaluation method in this paper not only differs from the existing qualitative model in module construction, but also highlights innovation in data analysis and standard establishment, which is suitable for the quantitative evaluation of the climate quality of local crown pear.

Key words: crown pear, climatological quality, evaluation, index, entropy weight method, meteorological factors