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农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (9): 80-83.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0177

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

熊蜂授粉对鲜食番茄品质及经济效益的影响

翟今成1(), 滕世辉2, 李晓霞2, 张兵3   

  1. 1 山东省临沂市农业农村局,山东临沂 276000
    2 临沂市河东区农业农村局,山东临沂 276034
    3 临沂市高新区罗西街道农业综合服务中心,山东临沂 276014
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-10 修回日期:2025-02-20 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-17
  • 作者简介:

    翟今成,男,1976年出生,江苏邳州人,高级农艺师,学士,主要从事农作物耕作与栽培研究工作。通信地址:276034 山东省临沂市河东区东兴路1555号 河东区农业农村局,Tel:0539-2932251,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    临沂市科技发展计划项目“番茄优质绿色高产栽培技术研究及推广”(2022HDZX006); 中央财政支持农业技术推广资金项目“设施蔬菜标准化生产示范推广项目”(2015LCNZ068)

Effect of Bumblebee Pollination on Quality and Economic Benefits of Fresh Tomatoes

ZHAI Jincheng1(), TENG Shihui2, LI Xiaoxia2, ZHANG Bing3   

  1. 1 Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Linyi City, Linyi Shandong 276000
    2 Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Hedong District, Linyi City, Linyi Shandong 276034
    3 Luoxi Street Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center of Linyi High-tech Zone, Linyi Shandong 276014
  • Received:2024-09-10 Revised:2025-02-20 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-17

摘要:

为研究熊蜂授粉对鲜食番茄品质及经济效益的影响,以鲜食番茄‘京采8号’为供试品种,选择2个温室分别用于熊蜂授粉和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸蘸花处理,通过授粉效果调查、果实品质检测和经济效益计算,分析熊蜂授粉和激素蘸花2种方式对温室越冬栽培鲜食番茄的影响。结果显示,熊蜂授粉提高了鲜食番茄坐果率、单果重和总产量,畸形果率降低了78.05%,单果籽粒数增加了91.52%,熊蜂授粉可以提高鲜食番茄总酸、维生素C含量,总糖含量提高了17.44%,可溶性固形物含量提高了7.89%,糖酸比提高了14.07%,番茄销售收入提高了8.06%,节本11550元/hm2,增效38910元/hm2,总效益提升12.49%。研究表明,熊蜂授粉总体效果明显优于激素蘸花,不仅可以提升番茄产量和品质,提高经济效益,还能减少了激素、农药的使用,具有较好的生态效益。研究以期为熊蜂授粉技术在鲜食型番茄生产上的推广应用提供参考。

关键词: 熊蜂授粉, 激素蘸花, 鲜食番茄, 坐果率, 畸形果, 经济效益, 设施番茄

Abstract:

The paper aims to investigate the effects of bumblebee pollination on the quality and economic benefits of fresh tomatoes. This study took the fresh tomato variety ‘Jingcai 8’ as the research object. Through relevant investigations, data analysis, and economic benefit calculations, the effects of bumblebee pollination and hormone dipping on fresh tomatoes overwintering cultivated in greenhouse were studied. The research results showed that bee pollination increased the fruit setting rate, single fruit weight, and total yield of fresh tomatoes. The rate of malformed fruits decreased by 78.05%, the number of single fruits increased by 91.52%, the total sugar content increased by 17.44%, the soluble solids increased by 7.89%, the sugar acid ratio increased by 14.07%, tomato sales revenue increased by 8.06%, cost savings were 11550 yuan/hm2, efficiency increased by 38910 yuan/hm2, and total benefits increased by 12.49%. In addition to economic benefits, bee pollination reduced the use of hormones and pesticides, which had good ecological benefits. This study provides a reference for the promotion and application of bee pollination technology in the production of fresh tomatoes.

Key words: bumblebee pollination, hormone dipping flower, fresh tomatoes, fruit setting rate, malformed fruit, economic benefit, facility tomatoes