欢迎访问《农学学报》,

农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (2): 50-55.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18090021

所属专题: 小麦

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

免耕覆盖下不同氮磷钾配比对旱地小麦产量效益和养分利用的影响

陈检锋, 陈华, 付利波, 王志远, 洪丽芳, 苏帆, 尹梅()   

  1. 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明 650205
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-28 修回日期:2018-10-31 出版日期:2020-02-24 发布日期:2020-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 尹梅 E-mail:ymmay@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈检锋,男,1985年出生,浙江青田人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事植物营养和土壤肥料研究。通信地址:650205 云南省昆明市北京路2238号云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,Tel:0871-65891333,E-mail:jianfchen@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目“西南丘陵旱地粮油作物节水节肥节药综合技术集成与示范”(201503127);国家科技支撑计划项目“主要粮食作物抗旱栽培关键技术研究与示范”(2012BAD40B01)

Effects of Various NPK Combinations on Yield, Economic Benefit and Nutrition Utilization of Wheat with Mulching and No-tillage

Chen Jianfeng, Chen Hua, Fu Libo, Wang Zhiyuan, Hong Lifang, Su Fan, Yin Mei()   

  1. Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2018-09-28 Revised:2018-10-31 Online:2020-02-24 Published:2020-02-24
  • Contact: Mei Yin E-mail:ymmay@163.com

摘要:

为了研究免耕覆盖模式下不同氮磷钾配比对旱地小麦产量、效益和养分利用的影响,为免耕覆盖旱地小麦提供优化的养分管理。采用田间试验和室内测定的方法,得到传统耕作和免耕覆盖下种植土壤温度、水分、小麦株高、产量、效益和对NPK养分利用的数据。结果表明,免耕覆盖N2P2K2处理在不同生育期小麦株高、种植土壤的含水量和温度均高于传统耕作N2P2K2(CK)处理,免耕覆盖N2P2K2处理的小麦产量和净收益分别比传统耕作N2P2K2(CK)处理高366.9 kg/hm 2 (13.14%)和503.05元/hm 2 (12.80%);免耕覆盖N2P2K2处理的NPK肥料利用均高于传统耕作的N2P2K2(CK)处理。在免耕覆盖的模式下,N0P0K0处理的小麦产量和经济效益最低,N3P2K2处理的小麦产量和经济效益最高;免耕覆盖小麦的NPK肥料农学效率和NPK肥偏生产力均随施肥量增加而降低。该试验中,N3P2K2处理(纯N 225.00 kg/hm 2、P2O5 75.00 kg/hm 2和K2O 75.00 kg/hm 2)的肥料利用效率高和产量效益好,是较佳处理。

关键词: 氮磷钾, 旱地, 小麦, 免耕覆盖, 产量, 经济效益, 养分利用

Abstract:

The aims are to study the effects of various NPK combinations on yields, economic benefit, and nutrition utilization of upland wheat with mulching and no-tillage, and to provide optimized nutrient management strategies for upland wheat production. The field experiments and indoor determinations were used in this study. The data of soil wet and temperature, wheat growth, yield, economic benefit, and nutrition utilization of wheat with traditional tillage and mulching and no-tillage were obtained. The results showed that the height, soil wet and temperature in different growth periods with mulching and no-tillage (N2P2K2 Treatment) were higher than those with traditional tillage N2P2K2 (CK). The yield and economic benefit of wheat with mulching and no-tillage was 366.9 kg/hm 2 (13.14%) and 503.05 yuan/hm 2 (12.80%) higher than those of traditional tillage N2P2K2 (CK), respectively. Nutrition utilization of NPK with mulching and no-tillage (N2P2K2 Treatment) were higher than those with traditional tillage N2P2K2 (CK). With the mulching and no-tillage treatments, the yield and economic benefit of N0P0K0 treatment was the lowest. The yield and economic benefit of N3P2K2 treatment was the highest. NPK agronomic efficiency and NPK partial factor productivity of wheat with mulching and no-tillage treatments decreased with the increasing of NPK application. The treatment of N3P2K2 (N 225.00 kg/hm 2, P2O5 75.00 kg/hm 2 and K2O 75.00 kg/hm 2) obtained high nutrition utilization, high yield and high economic benefit, it was the optimum treatment in this experiment.

Key words: Nitrogen,Phosphorus,Potassium, Upland, Wheat, Mulching and No-tillage, Yield, Economic Benefit, Nutrition Utilization

中图分类号: