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农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (5): 12-19.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0048

• 农艺农学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机种植和常规种植对云南水稻品质和经济效益影响研究

张鹏1(), 杨旭昆1, 陈璐1, 王文治1, 米艳华1(), 刘振环1, 李茂萱1, 苏雯1, 王相全2, 杨彦雄3, 郭陆军4   

  1. 1 云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,昆明 650205
    2 洱源县农业农村局,云南大理 671200
    3 洱源县农业技术推广中心,云南大理 671200
    4 洱源县农业环境保护监测站,云南大理 671200
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-19 修回日期:2024-06-25 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-19
  • 通讯作者:
    米艳华,女,1975年出生,云南宜良人,研究员,硕士,主要研究方向:农产品质量与安全。通信地址:650205 云南省昆明市盘龙区北京路2238号,Tel:0871-65894439,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张鹏,男,1988年出生,云南大理人,助理研究员,硕士,主要研究方向:农产品质量调控。通信地址:650205 云南省昆明市盘龙区北京路2238号,Tel:0871-65894439,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    云南省重大科技专项计划项目“云南高原特色有机农产品产地环境及适宜性布局研究”(202202AE090029)

Study on Effects of Organic and Conventional Planting Modes on Quality and Economic Benefits of Rice in Yunnan

ZHANG Peng1(), YANG Xukun1, CHEN Lu1, WANG Wenzhi1, MI Yanhua1(), LIU Zhenhuan1, LI Maoxuan1, SU Wen1, WANG Xiangquan2, YANG Yanxiong3, GUO Lujun4   

  1. 1 Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205
    2 Eryuan County Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Dali Yunnan 671200
    3 Eryuan County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Dali Yunnan 671200
    4 Eryuan County Agricultural Environmental Protection Monitoring Station, Dali Yunnan 671200
  • Received:2024-03-19 Revised:2024-06-25 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-05-19

摘要:

本研究旨在探索有机种植模式对云南水稻品质和经济效益的影响,以促进绿色有机农业的发展和可持续发展战略的实施。试验采取田间相邻种植,设置“水稻+蚕豆+水稻”轮作模式下有机和常规2种模式的水稻种植方式,采用重复和对照组设计。各项指标的检测依据对应的国家标准进行测定。根据试验结果分析不同种植模式对云南水稻品质和经济效益的影响,结果显示,有机种植模式的镉、砷低于常规水稻,铅、铬、铜的含量均高于常规种植水稻,有机+模式除镉含量低于常规水稻外,其他重金属含量均高于常规水稻,通过方差分析P>0.05,各项安全品质指标不同处理间差异不显著;营养品质除膳食纤维低于常规种植,其余营养品质均高于常规种植,有机+模式各项营养品质指标均高于常规种植,有机种植模式营养品质总体上要高于常规种植,有机种植能够在一定程度上提高水稻营养品质,但经过方差分析P>0.05,差异不显著;有机种植前期生产投入成本高,产量低于常规种植,但有机稻米市场价格优势明显,最终收益为常规种植的2.5倍,具有良好的经济效益。通过对常规种植和有机种植2种不同模式进行比较研究,为进一步优化云南水稻产业结构、改善部分地区种植模式提供理论基础和实践参考。

关键词: 有机种植, 常规种植, 云南水稻, 品质影响, 经济效益, 水稻品质, 可持续发展

Abstract:

The aims are to develop green organic agriculture, promote organic planting models, vigorously advance sustainable development strategies, explore effective organic planting models, and study the cultivation of organic and conventional rice under the rotation mode of ‘rice + broad bean + rice’. The experiment adopted adjacent planting in the field, set up duplicate and control groups, and the detection of various indicators was determined according to the corresponding national standards. Based on the experimental results, the impact of different planting modes on the quality and economic benefits of rice in Yunnan was analyzed. The results showed that the cadmium and arsenic levels in the organic planting mode were lower than those of the conventional rice, and the contents of lead, chromium, and copper were all higher than those of the conventional rice. The organic+ mode had higher contents of other heavy metals except for cadmium, which was lower than that of the conventional rice. Through analysis of variance, P>0.05, the differences in various safety quality indicators between different treatments were not significant; the nutritional quality of rice was higher than that of conventional planting, except for dietary fiber, which was lower than that of conventional planting. All nutritional quality indicators of the organic+ mode were higher than those of conventional planting. The overall nutritional quality of the organic planting mode was higher than that of conventional planting. Organic planting could improve the nutritional quality of rice to a certain extent, but after analysis of variance, P>0.05, the difference was not significant; Organic planting had high initial production input costs and lower yields than conventional planting. However, the market price advantage of organic rice was obvious, and the final profit was 2.5 times that of conventional planting, with good economic benefits. By comparing the two different modes of conventional planting and organic planting, this study provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for further optimizing the rice industry structure in Yunnan and improving the planting mode in some areas.

Key words: organic planting, conventional planting, Yunnan rice, quality impact, economic benefits, rice quality, sustainable development