Abstract: The authors discussed the ecological principle of planting and raising of“Rice-Frog”from the mode’s structure, elements and the relationship of different elements, reviewed the development of this mode from resource factors, functions and mechanism. The technology mode of planting and raising of“Rice-Frog”was studied from economic, social and ecological aspects, and the issues, such as pesticides’effect on frog, the effect of frog curating drugs on paddy ecosystem, and the effect of fodder and fertilizer on frog and paddy ecosystem respectively, were analyzed. Finally, the authors elaborated the problems existing in planting and raising of“Rice- Frog”in mountainous regions in southwestern China from the adaptability of frogs, the coupling effect of frog raising and rice planting, and input- output ratio of the mode, and proposed some countermeasures.