Abstract: Based on the aquatic products data of Fisheries Bureau of Qianjiang City and the climate data of Qianjiang meteorological station from 1988 to 2017, the influence of geographical and geomorphological characteristics and climatic ecological characteristics on crayfish breeding was analyzed, and the climate risks were discussed. The results showed that Qianjiang was full of lakes and rich in natural bait, which was advantageous to the development of crayfish breeding industry. Qianjiang had abundant rain, warm climate and sufficient light energy, the geographical and meteorological conditions of Qianjiang provided excellent climate and ecological environment for crayfish breeding. There was little extreme weather in Qianjiang city, but the disastrous weather was very harmful to crayfish breeding, there was certain climate risk. The authors pointed out that the possible damages to crayfish breeding could be caused by heavy rain, high temperature heat damage, strong cooling (low temperature cold damage) and other disastrous weather, and put forward corresponding measures for scientific breeding of crayfish.