The Difference of Physicochemical Indexes and Chemical Components in Different Parts of Polygonatum kingianum

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0173

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim is to study the content difference of dryness, ash, extract, polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids and phenols in different tissue parts of Polygonatum kingianum, and to provide a basis for the full development and utilization of P. kingianum. The sample was divided into 8 parts, the drying ratio was determined by using electronic scale, the total ash content was measured by muffle furnace, the content of extract was calculated by alcohol soluble hot-dip method, the contents of polysaccharide, total saponins, total flavonids and phenols of P. kingianum were quantified by visible ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and the results were analyzed by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The content of flavonoids and phenols in the leaves of P. kingianum were 1.06 mg/g and 3.46 mg/g, respectively. The content of polysaccharide, saponin and extract were relatively high in old rhizome and new rhizome, respectively 8.18% and 7.83%, 1.31% and 1.85%, 63.88% and 82.23%. The results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that the new rhizome and old rhizome were clustered into one group, and the other six parts were clustered into one group, among which the leaves and the apetalous stems were clustered into a small group. In conclusion, the components of different parts of P. kingianum are different.

Key words: Polygonatum kingianum, Rhizome, Leaf, Stem, Physicochemical Index, Chemical Composition, Cluster Analysis, Principal Component Analysis

CLC Number:

S567.5+3

Li Ling, Huang Yuling, Yang Yuling, Tian Yingqiu. The Difference of Physicochemical Indexes and Chemical Components in Different Parts of Polygonatum kingianum[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2021, 11(8): 70-75.

Figures/Tables 7

References 29

[1]	国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典(一部)[M]. 北京: 中国医药科技出版社, 2020:319-320.
[2]	王雨婷, 刘婉滢, 沈舶宁, 等. 黄精的本草考证[J]. 中医药学报, 2019, 47(3):81-86.
[3]	徐天才, 陈翠, 王泽清, 等. 云南黄精属植物资源及其药理作用的调查研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(12):84-90.
[4]	赵文莉, 赵晔, Yiider Tseng. 黄精药理作用研究进展[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(18):4439-4445.
[5]	徐兵兵, 于勇杰, 吴帆, 等. 黄精多糖研究综述[J]. 中国野生植物资源, 2015(4):38-41.
[6]	王俊杰, 刘思妤, 李洁, 等. 复方黄精茶对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢的影响及血管保护作用[J]. 湘南学院学报:医学版, 2017, 19(2):9-12.
[7]	赵小贞, 王玮, 康仲涵, 等. 黄精口服液对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆与海马突触可塑性的影响[J]. 神经解剖学杂志, 2005, 21(2):147-153.
[8]	肖小妹, 沈小雄, 张桂生, 等. 黄精多糖对儿童肾病综合征红细胞免疫功能影响的研究[J]. 赣南医学院学报, 2018, 38(2):134-136.
[9]	Liu X X, Wan Z J, Shi L, et al. Preparation and antiherpetic activities of chemically modified polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2011, 83(2):737-742. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.08.044 URL
[10]	刘京晶, 斯金平. 黄精本草考证与启迪[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2018, 43(3):631-636.
[11]	张洁, 马百平, 杨云, 等. 黄精属植物甾体皂苷类成分及药理活性研究进展[J]. 中国药学杂志, 2006, 41(5):330-332.
[12]	陈辉, 冯珊珊, 孙彦君, 等. 3种药用黄精的化学成分及药理活性研究进展[J]. 中草药, 2015, 46(15):2329-2338.
[13]	Kintya P K, Veleva A Z, Cazurevskii G V. Steroid saponins. XV. Preliminary characterization of the steroid glycosides from Polygonatum latifolium[J]. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 1976, 12(5):670-671.
[14]	孙隆儒. 黄精化学成分及生物活性的研究[D]. 沈阳:沈阳药科大学, 1999.
[15]	范书珍, 陈存武, 王林. 多花黄精总皂甙的提取研究[J]. 皖西学院学报, 2005, 21(5):39-41.
[16]	刘柳, 郑芸, 董群, 等. 黄精中的多糖组分及其免疫活性[J]. 中草药, 2006, 37(8):1132-1136.
[17]	王晓丹, 田芳, 史桂云, 等. 不同产地黄精中多糖含量的比较[J]. 泰山医学院学报, 2008, 29(9):657-658.
[18]	王易芬, 穆天慧. 滇黄精化学成分研究[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2003, 28(6):524-526.
[19]	刘怡菲. 中草药黄精多酚的提取工艺研究[J]. 辽宁林业科技, 2019(2):1-5.
[20]	焦劼, 陈黎明, 孙瑞泽, 等. 不同产地黄精主要化学成分比较及主成分分析[J]. 中药材, 2016, 39(3):519-522.
[21]	Chopin J, Dellamonica G, Besson E, et al. C-galactosylflavones from Polygonatum multiflorum[J]. Phytochemistry, 1977, 16(12):1999-2001. doi: 10.1016/0031-9422(77)80112-X URL
[22]	Skrzypczakowa L. Flavonoids of family Liliaceae Part IV C-glycosyls in Polygonatum multiflorum(L.) all[J]. Dissert Pharmacol, 1969, 21:261-263.
[23]	刘佳, 朱翔, 叶宏达, 等. 云南多花黄精适宜采收期初步研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(27):88-91.
[24]	黄祥元, 黄美容. 黄精提取物中总皂苷含量的测定[J]. 食品与机械, 2012, 28(6):106-108.
[25]	Zhang X H, Geraldo B J H, Zhao R G T, et al. Determination of relative molecular mass and composition for Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide by high performance liquid chromatography[J]. Chin J Chromatogr, 2005, 23(4):394-396.
[26]	李丽, 田丽娜, 任振兴, 等. 黄精多糖的结构分析及功能活性研究进展[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2015, 21(15):231-234.
[27]	姜程曦, 张铁军, 陈常青, 等. 黄精的研究进展及其质量标志物的预测分析[J]. 中草药, 2017, 48(1):1-16.
[28]	陶爱恩, 张晓灿, 杜泽飞, 等. 黄精属植物中黄酮类化合物及其药理活性研究进展[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(9):2163-2171.
[29]	马承慧, 王群, 刘牧. 3种松科植物松针多酚的体外抗氧化活性评价[J]. 西南农业学报, 2016, 29(5):1063-1067.

样品编号	部位	鲜重/g	干重/g	折干率/%
1	须根	56.83	8.06	14.18
2	老根茎	495.44	77.07	15.56
3	新生根茎	340.61	94.01	27.60
4	叶片	298.26	61.50	20.62
5	靠地部分无果茎杆	178.96	30.09	16.81
6	靠果部分无果茎杆	457.90	112.36	24.54
7	带果茎杆	447.01	89.72	20.07
8	茎尖无果茎杆	70.00	28.76	41.09

样品编号	部位	鲜重/g	干重/g	折干率/%
1	须根	56.83	8.06	14.18
2	老根茎	495.44	77.07	15.56
3	新生根茎	340.61	94.01	27.60
4	叶片	298.26	61.50	20.62
5	靠地部分无果茎杆	178.96	30.09	16.81
6	靠果部分无果茎杆	457.90	112.36	24.54
7	带果茎杆	447.01	89.72	20.07
8	茎尖无果茎杆	70.00	28.76	41.09

样品编号	总灰分/%	浸出物/%	多糖/%	总皂苷/%	总黄酮/(mg/g)	酚类/(mg/g)
1	10.10±0.55Aa	24.41±0.5024Ef	1.46±0.06Bb	0.31±0.03Ef	0.61±0.05BCbc	1.39±0.10Bb
2	3.19±0.16Ee	63.88±0.68Bb	8.18±1.27Aa	1.31±0.03Bb	0.46±0.03CDde	0.83±0.06CDd
3	1.67±0.12Ff	82.23±1.59Aa	7.83±0.51Aa	1.86±0.09Aa	0.40±0.04De	0.41±0.04De
4	9.85±0.15ABa	29.91±0.23Dd	1.36±0.31Bb	0.48±0.06Cc	1.06±0.15Aa	3.46±0.58Aa
5	8.86±0.96BCb	39.58±0.61Cc	1.00±0.18Bb	0.44±0.03CDcd	0.47±0.01CDde	0.99±0.09BCcd
6	8.00±0.18Cc	26.09±0.51Ee	0.67±0.07Bb	0.33±0.01Ef	0.71±0.02Bb	1.25±0.14BCbc
7	6.68±0.34Dd	20.82±0.53Fg	0.64±0.03Bb	0.41±0.02CDEde	0.56±0.02BCcd	1.02±0.05BCbcd
8	8.35±0.18Cbc	18.18±1.36Gh	0.86±0.03Bb	0.36±0.01DEef	0.55±0.08BCDcd	0.99±0.06BCcd

样品编号	总灰分/%	浸出物/%	多糖/%	总皂苷/%	总黄酮/(mg/g)	酚类/(mg/g)
1	10.10±0.55Aa	24.41±0.5024Ef	1.46±0.06Bb	0.31±0.03Ef	0.61±0.05BCbc	1.39±0.10Bb
2	3.19±0.16Ee	63.88±0.68Bb	8.18±1.27Aa	1.31±0.03Bb	0.46±0.03CDde	0.83±0.06CDd
3	1.67±0.12Ff	82.23±1.59Aa	7.83±0.51Aa	1.86±0.09Aa	0.40±0.04De	0.41±0.04De
4	9.85±0.15ABa	29.91±0.23Dd	1.36±0.31Bb	0.48±0.06Cc	1.06±0.15Aa	3.46±0.58Aa
5	8.86±0.96BCb	39.58±0.61Cc	1.00±0.18Bb	0.44±0.03CDcd	0.47±0.01CDde	0.99±0.09BCcd
6	8.00±0.18Cc	26.09±0.51Ee	0.67±0.07Bb	0.33±0.01Ef	0.71±0.02Bb	1.25±0.14BCbc
7	6.68±0.34Dd	20.82±0.53Fg	0.64±0.03Bb	0.41±0.02CDEde	0.56±0.02BCcd	1.02±0.05BCbcd
8	8.35±0.18Cbc	18.18±1.36Gh	0.86±0.03Bb	0.36±0.01DEef	0.55±0.08BCDcd	0.99±0.06BCcd

	折干率	浸出物	灰分	酚类	黄酮	皂苷	多糖
折干率	1.000
浸出物	-0.132	1.000
灰分	-0.077	-0.863	1.000
酚类	-0.168	-0.398	0.602	1.000
黄酮	-0.063	-0.475	0.603	0.968	1.000
皂苷	0.012	0.969	-0.927	-0.415	-0.469	1.000
多糖	-0.114	0.933	-0.892	-0.398	-0.468	0.952	1.000