Effects of N P K Fertilizers Combined Application on Yield and Quality of Chinese Chive

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0092

Abstract

Abstract:

The effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratios on the yield and quality of Chinese chive were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for scientific and rational fertilization. The ‘3414’ fertilizer efficiency design was adopted. Three factors of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were set up, and four levels of each factor were 0, 112.5, 225 and 337.5 kg/hm², a total of 14 treatments. The tiller number, fresh weight per plant, yield and pyruvic acid were measured. By fitting the yield and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer effect functions, the optimal application amount was determined. The results showed that the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers increased the tillering number, fresh weight per plant, and yield of Chinese chives. The effects of the three fertilizers on yield was in the order of N>P>K. N₁, P₁ and K₁ had the highest agricultural efficiency by 116.04, 73.22 and 61.75 kg/kg. N₂, P₂ and K₂ had the highest contribution rates of fertilizers by 44.34%, 27.76% and 25.43%. However, excessive application of N, P and K fertilizers had the lowest agricultural efficiency and contribution rate. N, P and K fertilizers could significantly affect the content of pyruvic acid. In high fertility soil, the optimal fertilization rates for N, P and K are 186.32, 183.98 and 179.58 kg/hm².

Key words: Chinese chive, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, yield, quality

QIN Huawei, GAO Junjie, WANG Ting, HAN Long, LIU Zhongliang, CHEN Zhen, YAN Weiqiang, GU Duanyin. Effects of N P K Fertilizers Combined Application on Yield and Quality of Chinese Chive[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(6): 71-76.

Figures/Tables 6

References 22

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处理编号	处理	施肥量			施用化肥量
处理编号	处理	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾
1	N₀P₀K₀	0	0	0	0	0	0
2	N₀P₂K₂	0	225	225	0	1875	450
3	N₁P₂K₂	112.5	225	225	244.5	1875	450
4	N₂P₀K2	225	0	225	489	0	450
5	N₂P₁K₂	225	112.5	225	489	937.5	450
6	N₂P₂K₂	225	225	225	489	1875	450
7	N₂P₃K₂	225	337.5	225	489	2812.5	450
8	N₂P₂K₀	225	225	0	489	1875	0
9	N₂P₂K₁	225	225	112.5	489	1875	225
10	N₂P₂K₃	225	225	337.5	489	1875	675
11	N₃P₂K₂	337.5	225	225	733.5	1875	450
12	N₁P₁K₂	112.5	112.5	225	244.5	937.5	450
13	N₁P₂K₁	112.5	225	112.5	244.5	1875	225
14	N₂P₁K₁	225	112.5	112.5	489	937.5	225

处理编号	处理	施肥量			施用化肥量
处理编号	处理	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾
1	N₀P₀K₀	0	0	0	0	0	0
2	N₀P₂K₂	0	225	225	0	1875	450
3	N₁P₂K₂	112.5	225	225	244.5	1875	450
4	N₂P₀K2	225	0	225	489	0	450
5	N₂P₁K₂	225	112.5	225	489	937.5	450
6	N₂P₂K₂	225	225	225	489	1875	450
7	N₂P₃K₂	225	337.5	225	489	2812.5	450
8	N₂P₂K₀	225	225	0	489	1875	0
9	N₂P₂K₁	225	225	112.5	489	1875	225
10	N₂P₂K₃	225	225	337.5	489	1875	675
11	N₃P₂K₂	337.5	225	225	733.5	1875	450
12	N₁P₁K₂	112.5	112.5	225	244.5	937.5	450
13	N₁P₂K₁	112.5	225	112.5	244.5	1875	225
14	N₂P₁K₁	225	112.5	112.5	489	937.5	225

处理	维生素C/(mg/100 g)	可溶性蛋白/(mg/g)	可溶性糖/%	丙酮酸/(μg/g)	纤维素/%
N₀P₂K₂	31.95±±1.06a	7.00±0.06a	3.24±0.05b	25.48±0.49a	0.82±0.03a
N₁P₂K₂	18.87±1.07c	5.38±0.33a	3.15±0.37b	20.29±1.09b	0.92±0.07a
N₂P₂K₂	23.53±0.42b	6.71±0.65a	2.84±0.28b	21.70±0.80b	0.84±0.09a
N₃P₂K₂	22.55±0.65bc	6.93±0.47a	4.18±0.09a	27.16±0.60a	0.91±0.06a
N₂P₀K₂	20.59±1.85ab	4.66±0.35a	3.86±0.1a	16.37±0.88b	0.61±0.03b
N₂P₁K₂	20.59±1.12ab	5.53±0.29a	3.71±0.32a	17.46±1.15b	0.89±0.05a
N₂P₂K₂	23.53±0.42a	6.71±0.65a	2.84±0.28a	21.70±0.80a	0.84±0.09ab
N₂P₃K₂	17.16±0.49b	6.33±0.49a	3.38±0.19a	17.80±0.18b	0.88±0.03a
N₂P₂K₀	23.53±3.82a	6.62±0.51a	3.98±0.24a	21.44±1.05b	0.84±0.05a
N₂P₂K₁	21.81±1.22a	6.57±0.33a	4.11±0.41a	26.39±1.05a	0.89±0.04a
N₂P₂K₂	23.53±0.42a	6.71±0.65a	2.84±0.28a	21.70±0.80b	0.84±0.09a
N₂P₂K₃	21.57±1.36a	5.47±0.55a	3.90±0.23a	25.15±1.09ab	0.77±0.10a

处理	维生素C/(mg/100 g)	可溶性蛋白/(mg/g)	可溶性糖/%	丙酮酸/(μg/g)	纤维素/%
N₀P₂K₂	31.95±±1.06a	7.00±0.06a	3.24±0.05b	25.48±0.49a	0.82±0.03a
N₁P₂K₂	18.87±1.07c	5.38±0.33a	3.15±0.37b	20.29±1.09b	0.92±0.07a
N₂P₂K₂	23.53±0.42b	6.71±0.65a	2.84±0.28b	21.70±0.80b	0.84±0.09a
N₃P₂K₂	22.55±0.65bc	6.93±0.47a	4.18±0.09a	27.16±0.60a	0.91±0.06a
N₂P₀K₂	20.59±1.85ab	4.66±0.35a	3.86±0.1a	16.37±0.88b	0.61±0.03b
N₂P₁K₂	20.59±1.12ab	5.53±0.29a	3.71±0.32a	17.46±1.15b	0.89±0.05a
N₂P₂K₂	23.53±0.42a	6.71±0.65a	2.84±0.28a	21.70±0.80a	0.84±0.09ab
N₂P₃K₂	17.16±0.49b	6.33±0.49a	3.38±0.19a	17.80±0.18b	0.88±0.03a
N₂P₂K₀	23.53±3.82a	6.62±0.51a	3.98±0.24a	21.44±1.05b	0.84±0.05a
N₂P₂K₁	21.81±1.22a	6.57±0.33a	4.11±0.41a	26.39±1.05a	0.89±0.04a
N₂P₂K₂	23.53±0.42a	6.71±0.65a	2.84±0.28a	21.70±0.80b	0.84±0.09a
N₂P₂K₃	21.57±1.36a	5.47±0.55a	3.90±0.23a	25.15±1.09ab	0.77±0.10a

处理	农学效率/(kg/kg)	肥料贡献率/%
N₁P₂K₂	116.04±1.69a	38.04±0.34b
N₂P₂K₂	75.33±2.34b	44.34±0.77a
N₃P₂K₂	18.32±1.32c	22.49±1.25c
N₂P₁K₂	73.22±3.39a	22.97±0.81b
N₂P₂K₂	47.18±2.34b	27.76±1.00a
N₂P₃K₂	12.00±0.53c	12.79±0.49c
N₂P₂K₁	61.75±1.86a	19.60±0.47b
N₂P₂K₂	43.24±2.34b	25.43±1.03a
N₂P₂K₃	8.46±1.42c	9.07±1.41c