Effects of Sowing Date on Agronomic Traits, Yield and Quality of Quinoa

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0226

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the adaptability of quinoa in Jiaodong Peninsula and determine the suitable sowing period, 7 sowing periods were set for 'Qingli No. 1' in this experiment, and agronomic traits, yield and quality traits were evaluated. The results showed as follows. The plant height of quinoa treated in 7 sowing dates ranged from 163.50 to 172.08 cm, stem diameter from 19.59 mm to 26.07 mm, effective branching rate ranged from 39.81% to 55.91%, main spike length ranged from 46.08 cm to 54.75 cm, and the above indexes decreased significantly with the delay of sowing dates. The grain yield, 1000-grain weight and grain diameter decreased significantly with the delay of sowing date. The highest yield was 4432.56 kg/hm², and the highest 1000-grain weight was 2.94 g. In early sowing (March 12), the crude protein, crude fat and starch contents were 14.44%, 7.27% and 63.62%, which were significantly higher than those of late sowing. The results showed that the high yield and high quality of quinoa could be achieved by proper early sowing (mid-March) under the warm and humid climate at low altitude in Jiaodong Peninsula.

Key words: quinoa, coastal areas, sowing date, agronomic traits, yield, quality character

WANG Jinxiu, LIU Jiabin, LIN Qi, LIU Yiguo, ZHOU Yuan, DUAN Wenping, GENG Xinghua, LI Lingyan, SHI Changhai. Effects of Sowing Date on Agronomic Traits, Yield and Quality of Quinoa[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(7): 1-7.

Figures/Tables 7

References 38

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播期	分枝数/个	有效分枝率/%	有效穗数/个
S₁	20.67±0.14 a	54.81±5.36 a	11.33±1.18 a
S₂	18.83±1.44 b	55.91±3.08 a	10.50±0.25 ab
S₃	18.83±1.01 b	50.24±6.10 ab	9.50±1.64 bc
S₄	17.75±0.50 b	45.48±3.08 bc	8.08±0.76 cd
S₅	17.67±0.58 b	41.94±2.38 c	7.42±0.63 d
S₆	17.58±0.38 b	41.68±2.21 c	7.33±0.52 d
S₇	17.58±0.52 b	39.81±0.98 c	7.00±0.25 d

播期	分枝数/个	有效分枝率/%	有效穗数/个
S₁	20.67±0.14 a	54.81±5.36 a	11.33±1.18 a
S₂	18.83±1.44 b	55.91±3.08 a	10.50±0.25 ab
S₃	18.83±1.01 b	50.24±6.10 ab	9.50±1.64 bc
S₄	17.75±0.50 b	45.48±3.08 bc	8.08±0.76 cd
S₅	17.67±0.58 b	41.94±2.38 c	7.42±0.63 d
S₆	17.58±0.38 b	41.68±2.21 c	7.33±0.52 d
S₇	17.58±0.52 b	39.81±0.98 c	7.00±0.25 d

播期	总淀粉含量/%	直链淀粉含量/%	支链淀粉含量/%
S₁	63.62±1.96 a	28.68±0.51 a	34.94±2.47 a
S₂	61.40±1.41 ab	26.94±0.80 ab	34.46±0.66 a
S₃	60.12±3.89 ab	26.07±3.48 ab	34.05±7.26 a
S₄	58.05±3.01 bc	24.75±1.85 b	33.30±4.44 a
S₅	54.56±2.08 cd	23.48±0.88 b	31.08±2.88 a
S₆	51.92±1.61 d	18.33±2.24 c	33.59±1.13 a
S₇	50.20±2.53 d	18.00±1.33 c	32.20±1.49 a

播期	总淀粉含量/%	直链淀粉含量/%	支链淀粉含量/%
S₁	63.62±1.96 a	28.68±0.51 a	34.94±2.47 a
S₂	61.40±1.41 ab	26.94±0.80 ab	34.46±0.66 a
S₃	60.12±3.89 ab	26.07±3.48 ab	34.05±7.26 a
S₄	58.05±3.01 bc	24.75±1.85 b	33.30±4.44 a
S₅	54.56±2.08 cd	23.48±0.88 b	31.08±2.88 a
S₆	51.92±1.61 d	18.33±2.24 c	33.59±1.13 a
S₇	50.20±2.53 d	18.00±1.33 c	32.20±1.49 a