Effect of Nitrogen Application Rate on Summer Maize Yield Under Different Densities

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0229

Abstract

Abstract:

To clarify the interaction effects of planting density and N-fertilization rate of summer maize, the maize varieties ‘DH605’ and ‘MY73’ were used as experimental materials, 2 densities (67500 plants/hm², 82500 plants/hm² ) and 2 N-fertilization rate (210 kg/hm², 300 kg/hm²) were set to analyze the effects of density and N-fertilization on summer maize yield. The results showed that as the density increased, the effective number of ears increased, and yield increased by 18.0%, while the number of grains per spike and the number of grains per row decreased significantly; increasing N-fertilization rate could reduce the adverse effects of densification on maize plant yield and ear traits. The yield increased by 6.0%, the kernels per ear increased by 2.6%, and the leaf area per plant increased by 6.4%. Density and N-fertilization rate mainly affected the kernels per ear. ‘MY73’ had higher yield, better ear characteristics and leaf area under high-density and high N-fertilization rate conditions. It was found that the adverse effects of maize plant and population competition after increasing planting density could be regulated by appropriate increase of nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, when the planting density of the two varieties increased to 82500 plants/hm², the N-fertilization rate of 300 kg/hm² was more likely to achieve high yield. The study is expected to provide some technical support for the synergistic improvement of summer maize quality and yield in western Henan.

Key words: density, N-fertilization rate, yield, summer maize, western Henan

MENG Zhanying, WANG Yuhong, GUO Dang, TIAN Wenzhong, LI Junhong, LI Fang, LYU Junjie. Effect of Nitrogen Application Rate on Summer Maize Yield Under Different Densities[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2025, 15(7): 23-27.

Figures/Tables 6

References 27

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土层/ cm	有机质/ (g/kg)	全氮/ (g/kg)	碱解氮/ (g/kg)	速效磷/ (mg/kg)	速效钾/ (mg/kg)
0~20	14.52	1.16	106.9	21.24	107.56
20~40	11.18	0.96	88.21	18.64	97.25

土层/ cm	有机质/ (g/kg)	全氮/ (g/kg)	碱解氮/ (g/kg)	速效磷/ (mg/kg)	速效钾/ (mg/kg)
0~20	14.52	1.16	106.9	21.24	107.56
20~40	11.18	0.96	88.21	18.64	97.25

品种	施氮量	密度	穗粗/cm		秃尖长/cm		穗行数/行		穗长/cm		行粒数/粒
DH605	N210	D₁	4.73±0.06	a	1.6±0.1	a	16.3±0.6	a	15.6±0.9	b	30.0±4.8	a
	N210	D₂	4.37±0.12	b	1.7±0.2	a	14.2±0.5	b	15.4±0.6	b	22.9±2.6	b
	N300	D₁	4.37±0.06	a	0.8±0.1	b	16.3±0.1	a	19.1±0.6	a	30.9±1.6	a
	N300	D₂	4.60±0.17	b	1.3±0.2	ab	14.7±0.2	b	15.1±2.1	b	23.0±17	b
MY73	N210	D₁	4.70±0.10	a	1.0±0.2	ab	16.4±0.4	ab	16.1±0.2	b	32.6±1.7	b
	N210	D₂	4.57±0.15	ab	1.5±1.0	a	16.1±0.6	b	15.8±1.2	b	32.3±1.6	b
	N300	D₁	4.70±0.10	a	0.7±0.2	b	17.1±0.4	a	16.3±1.1	a	33.8±3.2	a
	N300	D₂	4.57±0.06	ab	0.8±0.2	b	16.7±0.9	ab	16.0±0.5	b	33.2±0.7	a

品种	施氮量	密度	穗粗/cm		秃尖长/cm		穗行数/行		穗长/cm		行粒数/粒
DH605	N210	D₁	4.73±0.06	a	1.6±0.1	a	16.3±0.6	a	15.6±0.9	b	30.0±4.8	a
	N210	D₂	4.37±0.12	b	1.7±0.2	a	14.2±0.5	b	15.4±0.6	b	22.9±2.6	b
	N300	D₁	4.37±0.06	a	0.8±0.1	b	16.3±0.1	a	19.1±0.6	a	30.9±1.6	a
	N300	D₂	4.60±0.17	b	1.3±0.2	ab	14.7±0.2	b	15.1±2.1	b	23.0±17	b
MY73	N210	D₁	4.70±0.10	a	1.0±0.2	ab	16.4±0.4	ab	16.1±0.2	b	32.6±1.7	b
	N210	D₂	4.57±0.15	ab	1.5±1.0	a	16.1±0.6	b	15.8±1.2	b	32.3±1.6	b
	N300	D₁	4.70±0.10	a	0.7±0.2	b	17.1±0.4	a	16.3±1.1	a	33.8±3.2	a
	N300	D₂	4.57±0.06	ab	0.8±0.2	b	16.7±0.9	ab	16.0±0.5	b	33.2±0.7	a

品种	施氮量	密度	穗数/（万株/hm²）		穗粒数/粒		百粒重/g		产量/(kg/hm²)
DH605	N210	D₁	6.5±0.2	c	486.5±74.8	a	33.4±0.6	a	8671.0±175.1	c
	N210	D₂	7.8±0.2	ab	325.9±47.0	b	32.3±1.6	b	9864.0±172.2	ab
	N300	D₁	6.7±0.5	c	504.7±42.9	a	34.4±0.7	ab	8716.5±159.5	b
	N300	D₂	8.2±0.2	a	338.6±20.6	b	33.2±1.8	ab	10362.0±155.9	a
MY73	N210	D₁	6.3±0.3	c	544.7±24.2	ab	29.6±0.4	a	8323.5±129.3	d
	N210	D₂	7.7±0.2	ab	440.6±29.6	b	27.7±0.3	b	10099.5±131.2	b
	N300	D₁	6.6±0.2	b	558.4±42.6	a	29.8±0.4	a	9210.0±167.9	c
	N300	D₂	8.2±0.6	ab	443.1±49.2	b	28.2±0.3	ab	10894.5±160.6	a
均值		D₁	6.5	b	523.60	a	31.80	a	8730.25	b
均值		D₂	8.0	a	387.05	b	30.35	ab	10305.00	a
品种(H)			ns		**		**		ns
施氮量(N)			ns		ns		*		*
密度(D)			**		ns		ns		ns
H×N			ns		ns		ns		ns
N×D			ns		**		ns		ns
H×D			ns		ns		ns		ns
H×N×D			ns		ns		ns		ns