Abstract: 263 soil samples were gathered from the main Chinese hickory production area of Linan to analyze a change in soil physical and chemical properties. The results show that with the increasing application amount of chemical fertilizer in the main Chinese hickory production area of Linan, the contents of organic matter and some available macro-nutrients, to different extent, increased in the soil, accompanied by a sharp fall in soil pH value and the low contents of available boron and zinc in the soil. Thus, it’s recommended that the compound fertilizer including N, P and K nutrients or Chinese hickory specific fertilizer should be applied, along with the addition of boron fertilizer due to the long-term more application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, which may lead to an unbalance in nutrients between supplied by the soil and needed by the growth and fruition of Chinese hickory.