Current issue

• 2014 Vol.4 No.6 Published:20 June 2014

  Relationship Between Plant Development and Root Nodule Formation of Soybean 2014, 4 (6):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1204 )   PDF ( 1199KB )   ( 2076 ) The present study was carried out to uncover the relationship between root nodule and plant growth development of soybean. Root length, root biomass, shoot length, shoot biomass, root nodule number and root nodule weight of soybean was examined regularly during the whole growth period by pot experiment in green house. The result was showed that shoot height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and fresh nodule weight were changed from slowly rising to fast rising to fast declining to slowly declining. The maximum value of shoot height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and fresh nodule weight were appeared at 66 days, 72 days, 66 days and 60 days after emergence respectively. However, root length increased fast after emergence. Root length kept in a stable period during 48 days to 78 days after emergence. Number of root nodule increased sharply during 20 days to 30 days after emergence. Then it was increased slowly. After reaching its maximum 54 days after emergence, number of root nodule began to decrease. The above results indicated that number of root nodule of soybean was increased rapidly during early-growth period and kept at the maximum up and down for a long period. The growth rhythm of fresh nodule weight was the same as that of shoot and root dry weight.

  Photosynthetic Characteristics Research on Different Varieties, Growth Period, the Whole Plant Different Leaf of Millet 2014, 4 (6):  5-9.  Abstract + ( 1098 )   PDF ( 1341KB )   ( 1596 ) In order to know the relation between different varieties, different growth stages, different leaf positions and photosynthetic physiological Indexes. Through collecting and analyzing the data of photosynthetic and transpiration and chorophyl content in millet, the paper had study and sum up the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of millet. The results showed that: the net photosynthetic rate at booting stage was 247.7% and 32% higher respectively than the net photosynthetic rate at jointing stage and mid grain-filling stage, the transpiration rate at booting stage was 100.4% and 104.7% higher respectively than the net photosynthetic rate at jointing stage and mid grain-filling stage; intercellular CO2 concentration was lower jointing stage and mid grain-filling stage. The stomatal conductance was relatively higher than jointing stage and mid grain-filling stage; the top-three leaves' transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration were significantly higher than the lower leaf. Chlorophyll content presented the trend from low in last glaciation to high in the middle and late holocene.

  throu"Jin Ya 10" the introduction of drought resistant varieties test and demonstration of flax 2014, 4 (6):  10-12.  Abstract + ( 1047 )   PDF ( 1153KB )   ( 1246 ) Project team had succeeded in screening linseed cultivar 'Jinya 10 ' which it suitable for cropping in the Midwest of Inner Mongolia. And it was from one of the 13 improved varieties linseed main producing areas of the country in recent years. The above was based on 2 years introduction experiment of the linseed varieties. Varieties comparison experiment showed that it two years average yield was 17.5% higher than that of the output' Jinya 7 ';From 2011 to 2012, 'Jinya 10 's average yield was 8.7% higher than that of the output control ' Jinya 7 ' via multi-point test. From 2012 to 2013, Team members have done a test project “high yield cultivation technology demonstration of 'Jinya 10 ' in QingShuiHe county. Test showed that its average output was 915.0 kg／hm2,a 8.4% increase compared with controls. The team found that 'Jinya 10 ' was high yield, drought resistance, resistance to blight and dry land yield potential after 5 years of experiment and demonstration. And it was suitable in QingShuiHe county and HeLinGeEr county of Inner Mongolia planting on the mountainous upland.

  Consideration About Coordinated Development of Fine Seed and Cultivation Method and 2014, 4 (6):  13-16.  Abstract + ( 1018 )   PDF ( 1110KB )   ( 1431 ) Development history of our country maize breeding and cultivation, and fine seed and cultivation method combined status were looked back. On the basis of sketching major problems and contradictions in current maize mechanization development and introducing advance experiences in brief of American maize production mechanization, development direction of maize breeding and cultivation and mechanization for our country future are suggested.

  The Fungicides to Control the Leaf Spot Disease of Brasenia schreberi 2014, 4 (6):  17-19.  Abstract + ( 977 )   PDF ( 1327KB )   ( 1089 ) Brasenia schreberi, precious green vegetable, is one of the riching pillar industries of peasants to vegetable exporting and gain foreign currency in Shizhu, Chongqing, while the leaf spot disease of B. schreberi damage occurred and becoming more and more serious. In this study, we carried out the in-vitro antifungal activities testing and plot experiment for an effective fungicide to control the disease. It was showed with antagonistic activity on PDA plates that the growth of the pathogen was inhibited by tebuconazole, difenoconazole, difenoconazole?propiconazole and pyraclostrobin, the mycelial colony growth inhibiting rate reached 75%. The field control efficacy of pyraclostrobin on the leaf spot disease was best. The average relative control effects were 43.6% and 47.8%, respectively, on 8 days and 16 days after the third fungicides application. All fungicides did not present considerable phytotoxicity symptoms. These results suggest that pyraclostrobin is a candidate fungicide to control the leaf spot disease of B. schreberi.

  Efficacy and Safety of Herbicides in Sunflower Field 2014, 4 (6):  20-23.  Abstract + ( 1136 )   PDF ( 1544KB )   ( 1976 ) In order to determine the control effect and safety of six kinds of soil-applied herbicides on sunflower field weed, and screen the suitable one for sunflower field, field plot trial was used in this experiment. The results showed that 960 g/L S-metolachlor EC, 900g/L Acetochlor EC have better control effect on annual gramineous weeds and are safety to sunflower; 330 g/L Pendimethalin EC has better control effect on both gramineous weeds and broadleaf weeds and are safety to sunflower; 75% thifensulfuron methyl WG and 50% flumioxazin WP have better control effect on broadleaf weeds and are safety to sunflower, while 80% oxadiargyl WP has effect on fresh weight during seeding stage and final yields. In conclusion, 960 g/L S-metolachlor EC, 900g/L Acetochlor EC, 330 g/L Pendimethalin EC, 75% thifensulfuron methyl WG and 50% flumioxazin WP can be used on sunflower field, while 80% oxadiargyl WP is not suitable for sunflower.

  Control Efficiency of Different Pesticides on Leaf Scab Disease of Sweetpotapo 2014, 4 (6):  24-26.  Abstract + ( 1038 )   PDF ( 1148KB )   ( 1172 ) In order to effectively control leaf scab disease of sweetpotato, experiments of six pesticides of Thiophanate-Methyl, Carbendazim, Benomy, Mancozeb, Streptomycin-Sulfate，Thiodiazole-Copper and Carbendazim-Sulfur were carried out to compare the leaf scab disease control efficacy on sweetpotato. The results showed that 50%Carbendazim-sulfur with 500 times, 50%Carbendazim-Sulfur with 500 times and 70%Thiophanate-Methyl with 600 times had better control effects on sweetpotato scab disease.

  Research Advances in Effects of Slow/Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer on Major Food Crop and Environment 2014, 4 (6):  27-31.  Abstract + ( 1025 )   PDF ( 1115KB )   ( 1529 ) This paper focused on the effects of slow/controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers on the major food crops (wheat, corn) based on years of experiments. We summarized the effects on crop yield, fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen nutrient loss of balance and pathways, as well as other aspects of cost-effectiveness from wheat and corn for the slow/controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers. In addition, this paper summarized the impact of application slow/controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer on maize and wheat, soil environment and the impacting in future productivity. We found that different types of slow/controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers not only could improve wheat and corn productivity, and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency but also could reduce soil nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen losses. In addition, the application of slow/controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers could enhance soil biomass and enzyme activities, and reduce greenhouse gas emission and the pollution of soil and underground water. However, the research of slow/controlled-release fertilizers on the rhizosphere is relatively few and using fertilization is not reasonable. It is better to make a simplified system of scientific and rational fertilization technology for applying and promotion of slow/controlled-release fertilizers.

  A Study on the Change in Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in the Chinese Hickory Production Area of Linan 2014, 4 (6):  32-35.  Abstract + ( 975 )   PDF ( 1215KB )   ( 1130 ) 263 soil samples were gathered from the main Chinese hickory production area of Linan to analyze a change in soil physical and chemical properties. The results show that with the increasing application amount of chemical fertilizer in the main Chinese hickory production area of Linan, the contents of organic matter and some available macro-nutrients, to different extent, increased in the soil, accompanied by a sharp fall in soil pH value and the low contents of available boron and zinc in the soil. Thus, it’s recommended that the compound fertilizer including N, P and K nutrients or Chinese hickory specific fertilizer should be applied, along with the addition of boron fertilizer due to the long-term more application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, which may lead to an unbalance in nutrients between supplied by the soil and needed by the growth and fruition of Chinese hickory.

  The Research of Status Quo on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in Tongling Mining Area and Farmland 2014, 4 (6):  36-40.  Abstract + ( 1078 )   PDF ( 1564KB )   ( 1345 ) In order to learn more about the status of soil heavy metal pollution in Tongling mining area and farmland, the accumulation of agricultural products and related research results, the author summarized the source and distribution of heavy metal elements in mining area and farmland at Tongling, and analyzed the heavy metal pollution status quo in mining area soil, farmland soil and agricultural products, and prospected the elements of census and repair work of Tongling in order to provide some reference for repair work in the future.

  Analysis of Winter Jujube Precipitation Adaptability in Zhanhua 2014, 4 (6):  41-44.  Abstract + ( 980 )   PDF ( 1223KB )   ( 1116 ) According to statistics, the most serious meteorological disasters of Zhanhua winter jujube producing areas is precipitation anomaly disaster, including rainstorm, flood, drought, so precipitation conditions become meteorological factors which caused adverse effect the most easily in the winter jujube producing areas. In order to understand the precipitation adaptability of Zhanhua winter jujube, the precipitation anomaly disaster had been counted since winter jujube brought about industrialization, combined with the observed data of precipitation in Zhanhua national meteorological station only. The Zhanhua winter jujube suitable precipitation characteristics was summarized, combined with the precipitation anomalies in precipitation disaster time, precipitation conditions adverse to the Zhanhua winter jujube were analyzed further. Causing disaster of precipitation conditions was estimated.

  Research Advances in Agricultural Reutilization of Urban-rural Organic Wastes 2014, 4 (6):  45-48.  Abstract + ( 1025 )   PDF ( 1477KB )   ( 1436 ) The author summarized the advantages and potential risks of urban-rural organic wastes agricultural reutilization to reduce the potential risks of urban-rural organic wastes agricultural utilization. The results showed that: the organic wastes generated in urban-rural life as fertilizer applied into farmland made an impact on soil properties, then indirectly affected the soil microbial biomass and soil enzymes activities. In addition, the heavy metals in organic wastes would accumulate in the soil and damage to soil environment. Therefore, it was necessary to make a long-term research on the environment of soil which agricultural utilized of wastes.

  The Study of Invasive Alien Plants in Beijing 2014, 4 (6):  49-52.  Abstract + ( 1119 )   PDF ( 1155KB )   ( 1729 ) Nowadays, invasive alien species have been attracting increasing attention from everyone. It is not only having the destruction to ecological environment and threat to biodiversity. Many research of biological invasion has been carried out worldwide, but less research in China, especially in the Beijing. In order to provide more feasible suggestions to prevent and manage invasive alien plants, the author referred to a large number of literatures, data and combined with field investigation result of Beijing Songshan invasive alien plants. For analysis the situation and the main import pathway of the invasive alien plants in Beijing. Ultimately we put forward four aspects to manage the alien invasive plants, such as strengthening the cautious of alien species introduction and establishing the risk evaluation mechanism; carrying out the rapid treatment measures and using variety processing methods; establishing species database and strengthening international cooperation; strengthening the resource and environmental protection and holding more public education activities.

  Application of Perennial Flowers in Major City of China 2014, 4 (6):  53-58.  Abstract + ( 1026 )   PDF ( 1426KB )   ( 1976 ) Perennial flowers are some herbaceous perennials that will keep alive 2 years or more, and will bloom yearly since they mature. As a virescence resource with some advantages in various species, well-adapted, economy, strong community function, perennial flowers become more and more important in garden industry. Through the literature and data analysis，as well as field research in Beijing, Shanghai, Qinhuangdao, Wuhan, Kunming and Xiamen, the author elaborated the cultivation and application of perennial flowers in major cities of China. And summarized the perennial flowers’ characteristics which cater to the trends in landscaping now. The author also pointed out the problems with single variety, extensive cultivation and blindness introduction appeared in the application of perennial flowers and issued recommendations on increase intraduction, establish perennial-flower expert systerm , build perennial-flower specialized garden and emphasis on ecological security.

  Investigation about Herbaceous Flowers of Hengshui City 2014, 4 (6):  59-63.  Abstract + ( 963 )   PDF ( 1166KB )   ( 1471 ) In order to increase the degree of city greening, taking herbaceous flowers in Hengshui City as test materials, the practical application of herbaceous flowers were studied by typical investigation method. The results showed that there were 39 families 73 species in Hengshui. And there were 54 species of flowering plants, 16 species of foliage plants and 3 species of ornamental fruit plants. More extensive application of plant belonged to Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Liliaceae, etc. According to the times of occurrences of herbaceous flower species, Salvia splendens, Petunia hybrid, Tagetes erecta L., Coleusblumei, Celosia cristat L., Iris tectorum, Viola tricolor, Tagetes patula L., Gerbera jamesoni were frequently used. The main application forms of herbaceous flowers were flower beds, flower border, color blocks and ribbon, sheet planting and vertical greening in Hengshui City. This thesis carried out a detailed analysis on problems and solutions, which aimed to provide the theoretical basis for the practical application of herbaceous flowers in Hengshui City.

  Rizhao green tea catechin quality index 2014, 4 (6):  64-66.  Abstract + ( 1158 )   PDF ( 1295KB )   ( 1224 ) It was an important aspect to study Rizhao green tea catechin quality index. Through to three times of sampling between Rizhao main tea growing in season spring, summer, autumn, using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for testing. The results showed that: average Rizhao green tea catechins content were 136.04 mg/g, spring tea were 127.96 mg/g, summer tea were 136.50 mg/g, autumn tea were 143.27 mg/g, autumn tea＞ summer tea＞ spring tea. Rizhao green tea catechin monomer content size average were EGCG＞EGC＞ECG＞EC＞C＞GC＞GCG, at the highest of EGCG, an average of 80.84 mg/g, accounts for 59.09% of the total catechin, followed by EGC and ECG, accounted for 14.90% of the total catechins and 13.83% respectively. Rizhao green tea catechin quality index of spring tea, summer tea and autumn tea were 652.14, 388.57, 522.13, annual average of 520.95, with spring tea best, next autumn tea, summer tea. Better reflected Rizhao green tea quality condition.

  Investigation and analysis of selenium contents in betelnut in Wanning City, Hainan Province 2014, 4 (6):  67-71.  Abstract + ( 1132 )   PDF ( 1509KB )   ( 1159 ) Abstract: Selenium is an essential trace elements．Selenium deficiency and excess will have adverse effects on human health. Acid digestion and atomic fluorescence spectrum are used to determinate the content of selenium of betelnut produced in Wanning City, Hainan Province. Results show that betelnut with the highest content of selenium (average value 0.042mg/kg) are produced in Damao Area, followed by Wancheng Town (0.030mg/kg), while Beida Town and Nanqiao Town with the lowest content of selenium (average value 0.016mg/kg). Betelnut with the highest content of selenium are mainly distributed in eastern and northeastern parts of Wanning City, while betelnut with lowest content of selenium are in western part of Wanning.

  Study on good agricultural practice (GAP) for Dendrobium huoshanense Jie Ren 2014, 4 (6):  72-76.  Abstract + ( 981 )   PDF ( 1667KB )   ( 1575 ) Depended on the instructive rules of good agricultural prcatice (GAP) of Chinese crude drugs, the techniques for standard operating procedure (SOP) of Dendrobium huoshanense were investigated, including cultivars, ecological environment, standard of seedling, seedling quality of tissue culture, domestication of the tissue seedling, culture medium, fertilizer application technology, post-harvest processing, packaging, transporting, recording, etc.. The SOP for Dendrobium huoshanense have been studied and established.

  The Research Regarding Characteristic Cultural Landscape Evaluation Factors of Peony Garden 2014, 4 (6):  77-82.  Abstract + ( 936 )   PDF ( 1301KB )   ( 1562 ) This article built a thorough investigation into the application of peony culture in the cultural landscape of Peony Garden, and evaluated the importance of the factors affecting the construction of peony special culture landscape. By the questionnaire method, this article made the preliminary analysis on the cultural landscape condition of the Peony Garden. Using the analytic hierarchy process for the first time, the article carried on the decomposition to the elements of special cultural landscape in Peony Garden to construct the peony culture landscape evaluation model, and compared the importance of the main elements to get the order of peony culture landscape elements. This study aims to provide the basis for the later cultural landscape special design and rebuilding and upgrading of Peony Garden, the reference for the construction and research of flower landscape with rich cultural connotation.

  Study of Plant Species Based on Ecological Construction of College Campus:A Case Study of Minjiang University in Fuzhou University City 2014, 4 (6):  83-86.  Abstract + ( 995 )   PDF ( 1178KB )   ( 1311 ) With the development of the higher education popularization process, the construction of ecological campus has become even more attention, to play the main role of the university campus Huanjingyuren functions. A field survey on Minjiang University City campus plants has been conducted. The results showed that the species diversity of landscape trees can meet the needs of eco-campus construction. There were 57 plant families with 146 species, up to palm plants, 14 species, followed by sankoh plants, 9 species. Trees:shrubs to 64:43, 58 kinds of ground cover plants, five kinds of bamboo, 49 kinds of native plants, accounting for 33.56% of the total species. There were 60 kinds of fouling species, accounting for 41.10% of the total species. But the campus was not enough deciduous tree species, sufficient proportion of gymnosperms and fragrant plants, bamboo plants was relatively lack, barely featured species. We need to pay more attention to campus greening purification functions, further strengthen the ecological layout. Therefore, it is necessary to further optimize the structure of the campus trees, build a more rational ecological layout.

  New Thinking on Urban Road Landscape Design: Taking Wenyu River Landscape Avenue as Example 2014, 4 (6):  87-93.  Abstract + ( 1255 )   PDF ( 4647KB )   ( 1507 ) With the acceleration of urbanization, the function of urban roads and the green spaces of urban road is more and more richer. The concept of ecological proposes a higer demand and gives a new meaning for road landscape design. In the design process of Wenyu landscape, I encountered problems. Through literature collection and think, I present some thoughts on urban road landscape design . Functions of urban green space has been re- understanding. It not only beautifies the road road green , riches urban landscape level , cleans air and separates vehicle traffic , but also a link to contact the urban environment ,and provides humane nature conservation space and a guarantee for the safety of urban road green space . It should conside that the impact of the width of the green belt, the microclimate characteristics of urban road formation , the harm of environmental pollution, behavioral characteristics of road users and original creatures living environment. Choosing the right trees materials is good for making better landscape. Also we can take advantage of green space and design combined with the surrounding environment to create beautiful, eco- road landscape.

  A Probe into the Mode of Practical Teaching of Agricultural Entomology 2014, 4 (6):  94-96.  Abstract + ( 928 )   PDF ( 1059KB )   ( 1201 ) Practical teaching is a key link in the process of undergraduate talent cultivation,Is the important way of training students' practice ability and innovation spirit.Practical teaching mainly includes experiment teaching,practice teaching and graduation thesis,and other forms.According to graduates for ever exist for agricultural entomology knowledge practical application ability is not strong, beginning ability is poorer,We try to reform practical teaching content,method,means,etc Of the agricultural entomology.Many yearsˊteaching practice shows that the reform has made remarkable effects.

  Research on practical innovation ability culture for undergraduate students of animal medicine in universities and college 2014, 4 (6):  97-100.  Abstract + ( 993 )   PDF ( 1360KB )   ( 1399 ) Abstract: Comprehensively promoting the cultivation in practice innovation ability of animal medicine students is in line with the modern educational idea and the trend of our future development. To meet the rapid development of society and the needs of high-quality application-oriented talents of livestock industry in our country, as well as, to coordinate economic transformation and rapid development of Liaoning old industrial base, Shenyang Agricultural University, as the main agricultural college in Liaoning Province, explored practical innovation ability culture ways of undergraduate students of animal medicine with the aim of building a more scientific and rational training model. The main reform points were as follows. ① to Make full use of campus internal and external practice base, some business units were introduced into the practice of teaching using the “campus and off-campus” internship model. ② through practical activities and actively participating in the second class, we tried to enhancing the ability of undergraduate students in exploring of science, and through the merging of curricular and extracurricular education, we tried to strengthening the cultivation of students in practical innovation ability. ③ We tried to enhancing practical innovation ability culture of undergraduate students of animal medicine through strengthening thesis quality. ④ We performed the reform of teaching methods, and created an academic atmosphere with a variety of innovative personnel training methods. Through a series of reforms and the integration of practical innovative education and professional teaching, we promoted well the innovative awareness, practical skills, and social skill training of students.

  A Method of Sorghum Leaf Disease for Image Automatic Segmentation and Extraction Based on the SVM 2014, 4 (6):  101-106.  Abstract + ( 1022 )   PDF ( 5827KB )   ( 1220 ) In order to achieve the automated nondestructive monitoring of sorghum leaf disease spot, the author uses support vector machine (SVM) technology to research automatic segmentation and extraction of sorghum leaf disease spot image. The results showed that selecting the color feature values of the 3 kinds of color spaces (RGB, HIS and Lab) could eliminate the influence of the light brightness when you took a photo. In the MATLAB software environment using LIBSVM software to establish support vector machine (SVM) classification model of disease spot image pixels and background image pixels, could implement disease spot image efficient segmentation and high-quality extraction. The disease spot image which was extracted automatically by programs could closely match the recognition by the human eye. If using a large number of sampled disease spot image to train model, could achieve the disease spot image fully automated segmentation, extraction and determination. So this research has very important significance to build fully automated crop disease spot image recognition system.

  Optimization of China’s Agricultural Information Service Under the Background of Aging Rural Labor 2014, 4 (6):  107-111.  Abstract + ( 1130 )   PDF ( 1555KB )   ( 1224 ) At present, with China's agricultural industrialization and modernization going deep, the agricultural development environment continuing to open up, information service should be implemented between agricultural producers and market. However, owing to the growing of aging rural labor, China's agricultural information services were faced with many problems. This paper analyzed the status and background of China's agricultural information service, discussed the challenges of agricultural information service against aging rural labor, and put forward a set of optimization proposals from five aspects including the agricultural information service objects, service providers, service contents, information transmission and service strategies.

  Fiscal Decentralization, Pro-poor Spending and Poverty ReductionLiu Lihua1, Li He2, Hou Shengqing1 2014, 4 (6):  112-115.  Abstract + ( 1039 )   PDF ( 1204KB )   ( 1077 ) In this paper, 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the panel data （purpose）analyzed the relationship between fiscal decentralization, pro-poor spending and poverty reduction. (Result) We got a result that fiscal decentralization was not conducive to poverty reduction results (conclusion) because in the Chinese political system environment, fiscal decentralization would lead to local governments in pursuit of economic growth and increased investment in productive infrastructure category, that was discussed in this paper pro-poor expenditures. Pro-poor expenditures combined with centralized financial impact on poverty can be more obvious, because if a high degree of fiscal decentralization, although the absolute value of the pro-poor expenditures increased, it would still down in relative value. It further increased the gap between rich and poor and was not conducive to social equity and poverty reduction.

  The Problem and Countermeasure in the Investment Mechanism of Rural Water Conservancy in Yunnan Province 2014, 4 (6):  116-119.  Abstract + ( 965 )   PDF ( 1474KB )   ( 1128 ) It formed the structure which government led, the peasant acted, social participated, in the investment of rural water conservancy in Yunnan Province. But on the view of social equity, the result was not so fair, and the peasant’s enthusiasm was not moved so much, and the investment and income mechanism were not found. So people should improve and perfect these three investment mechanism.

  Cultivation of New Type Professional Farmers: Experiences from US and thinking to China 2014, 4 (6):  120-124.  Abstract + ( 1046 )   PDF ( 1408KB )   ( 1405 ) This paper expound the measures of America to guarantee qualified successors in agriculture by legislation on series of Acts such as “Morrill Land—Grant College Act of 1862”, introduce the policies and measures to support the cultivation of beginning farmers and ranchers in 2013 farm bill, and put forward suggestions to the cultivation of new type professional farmers: highlight the dominant position of government, accelerate the progress of legislation on cultivation of new type professional farmers, insist the cultivation paths which combined cultivation with attraction, strengthen the foundation status of education and training in the cultivation of new type professional farmers.