Abstract: To analyze the characteristics of dry matter accumulation and distribution between hybrid millet varieties and conventional millet varieties and provide theoretical basis for millet hybrid breeding and utilization, in 2015, the authors studied the characteristics of dry matter in different millet organs of 5 hybrid test millet varieties and 5 conventional test millet varieties in experimental plot of Millet Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The randomized block design was adopted in the test. The weights of dry matter in different organs during different growth stages of millet were measured, and the characteristics were compared. Results showed that trends of the ratio of dry matter accumulation and moisture content of hybrid millet and conventional millet were basically the same in different periods, and dry matter content increased as the extension of the growth. The ratio of sheath was high in yellow ripening stage. The rate of dry matter accumulation of hybrid and conventional millet varieties showed a "slow-fast-slow" model, by which hybrid varieties had certain advantages over conventional varieties in economic output. The peak of all types of dry matter accumulation rate was in full heading stage. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation characteristics and moisture content rate of the hybrid and conventional varieties were the same, but hybrid vigor could be seen in millet but not obvious in terms of its overall performance.