Screening the Optimum Ratio of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium for Protein Mulberry (Morus alba L.) in Wind-sand Grassland Area of Northern Shaanxi

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0156

Abstract

Abstract:

The paper aims to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on photosynthetic characteristics, water use efficiency, yield and quality of mulberry leaves, and explore the optimal combined fertilizer application ratio suitable for the growth of protein mulberry. Three-year-old seedlings of ‘Yuyinsang-1’ were used as the materials. Eight treatments (T₀, T₁, T₂, T₃, T₄, T₅, T₆ and T₇) of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium combined application were set to comprehensively screen out the optimal application rate for protein mulberry planted in Yulin wind-sand grassland area by measuring physiological characteristics, yield and quality of mulberry leaves. The results showed that different treatments of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium combined application had significant effects on the photosynthetic characteristics of protein mulberry. With the increase of fertilizer application rate, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and water use efficiency of mulberry leaves increased first and then decreased, and all physiological characteristics under T₅ treatment were significantly higher than those of the control (P<0.05). Different treatments had no significant effects on plant height and stem weight per plant (P>0.05), but had significant effects on dry leaf weight per plant, biological yield and total yield per plant (P<0.05). The crude protein content increased first and then decreased, and the crude protein content of mulberry leaves under T₄and T₅ treatments was significantly higher than that under the control treatment (P<0.05), and the crude fat content of mulberry leaves under T₄, T₅and T₆ treatments was significantly higher than that under the control treatment (P<0.05), which was 1.80, 1.90 and 1.78 times that of the control, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the yield was very significantly and positively correlated with chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, crude protein content and crude fat content (P<0.01). The photosynthetic characteristics, water use efficiency, yield and quality indexes of protein mulberry were compared by membership function method, and T₅treatment (N fertilizer 150 kg/hm², P fertilizer 90 kg/hm² and K fertilizer 60 kg/hm²) had strong photosynthetic capacity, high yield, good quality, and high water use efficiency. Therefore, T₅ treatment is the most suitable fertilizer application ratio in wind-sand grassland area in northern Shaanxi Province.

Key words: mulberry, combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, quality, correlation analysis, membership function analysis

CHAI Guaiqiang, MASHU Haoyang, LI Lin, DUAN Yizhong, HUO Yanbo, KANG Furen. Screening the Optimum Ratio of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium for Protein Mulberry (Morus alba L.) in Wind-sand Grassland Area of Northern Shaanxi[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2023, 13(5): 35-43.

Figures/Tables 7

References 28

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项目	叶绿素含量	净光合速率	蒸腾速率		水分利用效率	株高	单株干叶重	单株茎杆重		单株生物学产量	产量	粗蛋白	粗脂肪	灰分	可溶性糖
叶绿素含量	1.000	-	-		-	-	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
净光合速率	0.803^**	1.000	-		-	-	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
蒸腾速率	0.247	0.203	1.000		-	-	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
水分利用效率	0.695 ^**	0.746^**	0.363^*		1.000	-	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
株高	0.399 ^*	0.434^*	0.060		0.109	1.000	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
单株干叶重	0.501^**	0.449^**	0.244		0.424^*	0.220	1.000	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
单株茎杆重	0.452^**	0.126	0.149		0.046	0.032	0.179	1.000		-	-	-	-	-	-
单株生物学产量	0.568^**	0.297	0.223		0.224	0.135	0.641^**	0.870^**		1.000	-	-	-	-	-
产量	0.512^**	0.459^**		0.429^*	0.594^**	-0.057	0.312		0.195	0.288	1.000	-	-	-	-
粗蛋白	0.612^**	0.705^**		0.296	0.712^**	0.183	0.394^*		0.082	0.239	0.575^**	1.000	-	-	-
粗脂肪	0.634^**	0.731^**		0.465^**	0.763^**	0.076	0.356^*		0.044	0.192	0.505^**	0.713^**	1.000	-	-
灰分	0.842^**	0.780^**		0.226	0.694^**	0.420^*	0.489^**		0.319	0.461^**	0.354^*	0.576^**	0.586^**	1.000	-
可溶性糖	0.055	0.159		0.312	0.495^**	-0.173	0.341		0.067	0.204	0.128	0.096	0.126	0.366	1.000

项目	叶绿素含量	净光合速率	蒸腾速率		水分利用效率	株高	单株干叶重	单株茎杆重		单株生物学产量	产量	粗蛋白	粗脂肪	灰分	可溶性糖
叶绿素含量	1.000	-	-		-	-	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
净光合速率	0.803^**	1.000	-		-	-	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
蒸腾速率	0.247	0.203	1.000		-	-	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
水分利用效率	0.695 ^**	0.746^**	0.363^*		1.000	-	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
株高	0.399 ^*	0.434^*	0.060		0.109	1.000	-	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
单株干叶重	0.501^**	0.449^**	0.244		0.424^*	0.220	1.000	-		-	-	-	-	-	-
单株茎杆重	0.452^**	0.126	0.149		0.046	0.032	0.179	1.000		-	-	-	-	-	-
单株生物学产量	0.568^**	0.297	0.223		0.224	0.135	0.641^**	0.870^**		1.000	-	-	-	-	-
产量	0.512^**	0.459^**		0.429^*	0.594^**	-0.057	0.312		0.195	0.288	1.000	-	-	-	-
粗蛋白	0.612^**	0.705^**		0.296	0.712^**	0.183	0.394^*		0.082	0.239	0.575^**	1.000	-	-	-
粗脂肪	0.634^**	0.731^**		0.465^**	0.763^**	0.076	0.356^*		0.044	0.192	0.505^**	0.713^**	1.000	-	-
灰分	0.842^**	0.780^**		0.226	0.694^**	0.420^*	0.489^**		0.319	0.461^**	0.354^*	0.576^**	0.586^**	1.000	-
可溶性糖	0.055	0.159		0.312	0.495^**	-0.173	0.341		0.067	0.204	0.128	0.096	0.126	0.366	1.000

处理	叶绿素含量	净光合速率	蒸腾速率	水分利用效率	单株干叶重	产量	粗蛋白	粗脂肪	灰分	可溶性糖	均值	排序
T₀	0.480	0.420	0.366	0.315	0.330	0.325	0.493	0.370	0.382	0.268	0.375	8
T₁	0.306	0.436	0.338	0.364	0.391	0.426	0.432	0.398	0.522	0.298	0.391	7
T₂	0.420	0.496	0.448	0.397	0.496	0.431	0.557	0.420	0.448	0.429	0.454	4
T₃	0.375	0.165	0.630	0.626	0.434	0.369	0.443	0.504	0.397	0.503	0.445	6
T₄	0.414	0.432	0.451	0.522	0.550	0.308	0.450	0.422	0.406	0.563	0.452	5
T₅	0.360	0.382	0.571	0.703	0.664	0.448	0.579	0.569	0.588	0.571	0.544	1
T₆	0.484	0.652	0.479	0.334	0.368	0.596	0.528	0.518	0.546	0.411	0.492	2
T₇	0.295	0.536	0.350	0.471	0.631	0.323	0.436	0.516	0.618	0.381	0.456	3

处理	叶绿素含量	净光合速率	蒸腾速率	水分利用效率	单株干叶重	产量	粗蛋白	粗脂肪	灰分	可溶性糖	均值	排序
T₀	0.480	0.420	0.366	0.315	0.330	0.325	0.493	0.370	0.382	0.268	0.375	8
T₁	0.306	0.436	0.338	0.364	0.391	0.426	0.432	0.398	0.522	0.298	0.391	7
T₂	0.420	0.496	0.448	0.397	0.496	0.431	0.557	0.420	0.448	0.429	0.454	4
T₃	0.375	0.165	0.630	0.626	0.434	0.369	0.443	0.504	0.397	0.503	0.445	6
T₄	0.414	0.432	0.451	0.522	0.550	0.308	0.450	0.422	0.406	0.563	0.452	5
T₅	0.360	0.382	0.571	0.703	0.664	0.448	0.579	0.569	0.588	0.571	0.544	1
T₆	0.484	0.652	0.479	0.334	0.368	0.596	0.528	0.518	0.546	0.411	0.492	2
T₇	0.295	0.536	0.350	0.471	0.631	0.323	0.436	0.516	0.618	0.381	0.456	3