Current issue

• 2011 Vol.1 No.xb1 Published:25 March 2011

  Effect of Soiling Density of Summer Maize on Yield and Related Traits Variation Coefficients in the Southern Basin of Shanxi 2011, 1 (xb1):  1-4.  Abstract + ( 1971 )   PDF ( 1110KB )   ( 1480 ) Abstract：In order to determine the rational soiling density of maize Zhengdan958, and to fully develop yield-increasing effect, we studied the effect of soiling density on yield and related traits variation coefficients in a randomized block design in Linfen, Shanxi Province. The results show that there are difference in grain yield, 1000- kernel weight, spike length, spike diameter and spike weight among different soiling densities in normal summer rainfall year, but kernel productivity, spike rows and harvest index don′t exist difference. The influence order of soiling density on related traits variation coefficients is spike weight > grain weight > 1000-kernel weight > spike length > spike diameter > spike rows > kernel productive > harvest index. The importance squencing of spike length, spike diameter and spike-stalk weight to spike-grain weight is spike length > spike diameter > spike-stalk weight. Increasing maize soiling density can remarkably enhance grain yield which has synergistic effect with dry matter calculation, and don′t exist significant effect on harvest index. This study provides theory and technology support upon maize soiling density increasing in southern basin of Shanxi.

  Optimization for SRAP-PCR System of Asparagus Officinalis L. Based on Orthogonal Design 2011, 1 (xb1):  5-9.  Abstract + ( 1435 )   PDF ( 1382KB )   ( 1458 ) The factors affecting the SRAP-PCR analysis of Asparagus officinalis, such as concentration of dNTPs, Taq DNA polymerase, Mg2+, primer and template DNA, were optimized by an orthogonal design. It is found that the optimal SRAP-PCR reaction conditions were a reaction system with a total volume of 20 μL, 0.2 mmol/L dNTPs 0.4 μL, 1 U Taq DNA polymerase 1.0 μL, 1.5 mmol/L Mg2+ 1.2 μL, upper and lower primers each 30 ng and each primer 0.5 μL, 60 ng template DNA 1.0 μL, 10×Buffer 2.0 μL, and sterile distilled water 13.4 μL.

  Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Wheat Varieties with Resistance to Wheat Midge (Sitodiplosis mosellana) 2011, 1 (xb1):  10-16.  Abstract + ( 2301 )   PDF ( 1993KB )   ( 1534 )  In order to gain the knowledge of genetic diversity of wheat varieties with resistance to wheat midge (Sitodiplosis mosellana), on the basis of field insect plot appraisal, 47 wheat varieties/lines were involved by 19 SSR markers to explore their genetic diversity. The 19 SSR markers were screened and a total of 104 allelic variants were detected in 47 wheat varieties. Three to eight alleles per marker were detected, with an average of 5.47. The means of alleles of high resistant, moderate resistant, sensitive and high sensitive varieties were 4.11, 4.68, 3.95 and 3.84, respectively. The PIC (polymorphism information content) for each polymorphic primer was varied from 0.35 to 0.86 with an average of 0.74. The PICs of high resistant, moderate, sensitive and high sensitive varieties had an average of 0.64 (0.31~0.81), 0.69 (0.38~0.88), 0.67 (0.40~0.80) and 0.67 (0.20~0.89), respectively. The genetic distance (GD) of 47 varieties was ranged from 0.40 to 0.95, with an average of 0.71. The GDs of high resistant, moderate resistant and high sensitive varieties were varied from 0.40 to 0.95, from 0.46 to 0.90 and from 0.41 to 0.90, with an average of 0.66, 0.69 and 0.68. Based on cluster analysis results, the 47 varieties were clustered into six groups. Resistant variety Jinmai 65 was a group by oneself, indicating that there was a farther genetic relationship between Jinmai 65 and other varieties, and so the Jinmai 65 might be used as resistant parent and might be popularized in production.

  Investigation and study on Natural Enemies in Longan Orchards in Fujian Province 2011, 1 (xb1):  17-22.  Abstract + ( 1625 )   PDF ( 1028KB )   ( 1427 ) Based on systemic investigation on the natural enemies in longan orchards in Fujian Province, China, it is found that 144 species of natural enemies were founded in longan orchards, which belonged to 2 classes, 12 orders, and 54 families. All species of the natural enemies were included in 100 species, 43 families and 10 orders of Instecta, and were included in 44 species, 11 families and 2 orders of Arachnida. The ratioes of species of Araneida, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Hemiptera to all the natural enemies were 29.17%, 24.31%, 18.75%, 9.03%, respectively. All the natural enemies might be divided into 2 classes (predacious and parasitic enemy). There were 119 species belonging to predacious enemy and 25 species belonging to parasitic enemy, occupying 82.64% and 17.36% of the species of all the natural enemies.

  A Study on Dynamic Changes of Acetochlore 50 % EW Residue in Rape Field 2011, 1 (xb1):  23-26.  Abstract + ( 1278 )   PDF ( 1059KB )   ( 1161 ) Gas chromatography was involved to reveal the dynamic changes of acetochlor residue and the final residue of acetochlor in rape plant, rape shell, rape kernel and soil samples. Soil samples were extracted with methanol and other samples were extracted with methylene chloride. The extracts were cleaned up by florisil. When samples were fortified with acetochlor at the levels between 0.005 mg/kg and 1.0 mg/kg, the recovery ranged from 85.3% to 96.5% for soil, 86.9% to 90.3% for rape plant, 83.3% to 89.7% for kernel, and 87.9% to 90.4% for shell, with the relative standard deviations of 3.9% to 5.0%, 3.9% to 9.5%, 6.6% to 14.3%, and 6.4% to 11.1% respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of the method was 5×10-12 g. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.005 mg/kg for soil, and 0.01 mg/kg for other samples. The half-life of acetochlor in Putian of FujianProvince and Changsha of Hunan Province was 3.5 days and 5.2 days in soil, and 1.7 days and 2.3 days in plant, respectively. No acetochlor residue was detected in rape plant, rape shell, rape kernel and soil samples in the treatments of 750-1125 g (a.i.)/hm2 at harvesting season (60 days after the treatment).

  An Analysis on Ecological Footprint and Sustainable Development in Different Resource-based Regions of Shaanxi Province 2011, 1 (xb1):  27-31.  Abstract + ( 1242 )   PDF ( 1053KB )   ( 1398 ) Based on empirical and normative analysis, the 119counties of Shaanxi Province were divided into five types of resource-based regions, including mineral resource-based region, agricultural resource-based region, integrated resources-based region, resource-poor region, and special resource region. By using ecological footprint (EF) model, the sustainable development status of economic system in five representative counties (Shilou, Hejin, Taigu, Yuci and Mengxia) was analyzed. It is found that the ecological footprint of them was ranked as resource-poor region＞special resource region＞agricultural resource-based region＞integrated resources-based region＞mineral resource-based region. Based on the analysis for the characteristics of different resource-based regions, it is concluded that these resource-based regions should change their traditional high consumed development model, and establish a production and consumed system of resources saving.

  Study on quantification of ecological compensation standard of trans-boundary drinking water sources--Taking trans-boundary drinking water sources of Lihe in Pingdinhshan city as an example 2011, 1 (xb1):  32-36.  Abstract + ( 1561 )   PDF ( 919KB )   ( 1279 ) Trans-boundary drinking water sources involve the subject interests of protectors and beneficiaries. To ensure the long-term safety of drinking water, the ecological compensation mechanism should be urgently introduced for regulating the subject interests of upstream and downstream of trans-boundary drinking water sources. As the main mean of ecological compensation mechanism is fund compensation in Henan province, the determination of compensation standard is the core of ecological compensation research. In this paper, the difference between the cost input of upstream drinking water sources and the ecological benefits was accounted, and the ecological compensation standard of trans-boundary drinking water sources was determined based on the water quantity. Taking trans-boundary drinking water sources of Lihe in Pingdinhshan city as an example, the annual average investment of protecting Lihe drinking water sources was 20.1677 million yuan, and the ecological and economic benefits annually which were obtained by the ecological construction and ecological restoration was 12.9236 million yuan. Based on the difference between input costs and ecological benefits, the trans-boundary drinking water sources compensation standard of Lihe was determined. And the standard defines that the upstream (Pingdingshan city) should be compensated 0.13 yuan/m3 when the downstream obtained one ton drinking water from the upsteam. Taking the difference between the cost input of upstream drinking water sources and the ecological benefits as the standard which determines the ecological compensation of trans-boundary drinking water sources, not only could the net investment of upstream be estimated accurately and the compensation be determined objectively, but also could two-way incentive and restraint mechanisms of upper and lower administrative be established effectively.

  Response of Capsicum annuum to Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and Magnesium 2011, 1 (xb1):  37-40.  Abstract + ( 1200 )   PDF ( 951KB )   ( 1256 )  A field trial with Haijiao No.4 (a Capsicum annuum cv.) was conducted in Chengman County, Hainan, China to investigate effects of balanced fertilizer application with N, P, K and Mg on its yield, fruit quality, plant nutrient content and nutrient uptake. It is found that the fruit yield was significantly influenced by N, K and Mg fertilizers. Application of P had no effect on fruit production. Yields decreased by 38.2 %, 36.6% and 21.8 % in the treatments of PKMg, NPMg and NPK, respectively. K fertilizer significantly increased the vitamin C content in the fruits. Balanced fertilizer application increased nutrient content in leaves and stalks and improved nutrient uptake by plant. The use efficiencies of N, P2O5, K2O and MgO under the balanced fertilizer application were 22.9 %、2.4 %、33.4 % and 4.0 %, respectively. When 1000 kg fruits were produced, the absorbed N, P2O5, K2O and MgO were 3.69, 0.53, 4.15 and 0.38 kg, respectively. The absorption ratio of N, P, K and Mg was 1:0.14:1.12:0.10.

  Investigation on wild Paphiopedilum Pfitzer germplasm resources and Discussion on Its Conservation Strategies in Wenshan Autonomous Prefecture 2011, 1 (xb1):  41-43.  Abstract + ( 891 )   PDF ( 909KB )   ( 1044 )  The Paphiopedilum plant is known as “the plant panda”. Based on the research methods such as field survey, trail investigation, private interview, and data access and arrangement, the distribution status of wild Paphiopedilum germplasm resources in Wenshan Prefecture,Yunnan, China and its related characteristics were summarized and analyzed. Based on the above analyses, some conservation stratigies for the wild Paphiopedilum germplasm resources in Wenshan Autonomous Prefecture were presented and discussed.

  Death causes of Chinese pine (Pimus tabulaeformis) at the Tiananmen Square in spring 2010 and technical measures 2011, 1 (xb1):  44-49.  Abstract + ( 5846 )   PDF ( 10870KB )   ( 6048 ) In order to explore some causes why pine needles turned yellow and many Chinese pine trees gradually died at Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China in spring 2010, a field investigation was conducted on the external morphology and the root characteristics of Chinese pine, and meanwhile soil physical and chemical properties and site conditions were also investigated and analyzed. It is found that for most of Chinese pines trees, the pine needles of their whole plants turned yellow, their fine roots withered and shriveled, and mycorhiza were rotten and died. The high salt content was found in surface soils, and the roots absorbed the large amounts of salts and lost the function of absorbing water and nutrients, which led to the emergence of yellow pine needles and the death of the whole plant. Some factors (such as small growth space, high soil density, poor soil ventilation and heat radiation) were not in favour of normal growth of Chinese pine. Moreover, a great amount of snow-melting agent was applied around Chinese pine at the Tiananmen Square after snow in winter 2009, which was a direct cause leading to the death of Chinese pine. In order to protect the achievement in afforestation and visual effects, the corresponding technical measures and suggestions were presented to prevent the hazards of snow-melting agent and to overcome the current status of adverse site conditions.

  Planning on the Construction of Chang guangxi Wetland Park in Wuxi 2011, 1 (xb1):  50-54.  Abstract + ( 4199 )   PDF ( 939KB )   ( 2951 ) Besides the wetland reserves, the wetland park is an important component of wetland conservation system, and it is a management approach that is adopted to protect the natural or artificial wetland which is affected by human beings but still has its conservation value. In order to make healthy and orderly progress of wetland parks in China, some ideas are presented and discussed in this paper using the Chang Guangxi Wetland Park in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China as the study field. They are function zoning and general layout of the wetland Park, wetland park landscape construction, publicity and education engineering construction, scientific research monitoring, tourism infrastructure construction, health and safety engineering construction, park’s staging construction, construction management, etc.

  Planning on Construction of Chang Guangxi Wetland Park in Wuxi 2011, 1 (xb1):  55-59.  Abstract + ( 871 )   PDF ( 1109KB )   ( 871 ) Using the PCR-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) technique, the bacterial community structure was analyzed of the rhizosphere soil collected from six orchards in Shanghai where root nodule caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens happened in varying degrees. The peach trees of 3 cultivars and the pear trees of 2 cultivars were involved, and their ages were ranged from seven to nine years. The analysis results indicated that significant differences in bacterial community structures were found among different gardens. All the samples from the same orchard were divided into the same cluster group, with a similarity of 75%. Based on the results of principal component analysis (PCA), it is found that insignificant differences in the rhizosphere bacterial community structure were noted among the soil samples with different disease indices in the same orchard, the cultivars had significant effects on the rhizosphere bacterial community structure, but the age of the trees had little effects.

  Effect of Wilt and Additives on Red Clover Silage 2011, 1 (xb1):  60-63.  Abstract + ( 5610 )   PDF ( 998KB )   ( 1873 ) The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effects of different additives on fresh or wilted red clover silage. The red clover during full flowering stage was moved and ensilaged in bags. Three additive treatments were designed. They were control without additive, formic acid (6 mL/kg silage) and sucrose (2%). The silage was sampled and analyzed after 360 days of storage. The fermentation quality of silage was improved in the formic acid or the sucrose treatment. The pH of red clover silage was extremely significantly improved under wilt conditions (P<0.01), but lactic acid was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01). The pH and the contents of acetic acid and propionic acid in the red clover silage were extremely significantly decreased in the formic acid or the sucrose treatment (P<0.01), but the lactic acid was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01). The dry matter recovery of silage was significantly increased in the formic acid treatment (P<0.05). The nitrate content of red clover was reduced after being ensilaged.

  Analysis on consolidation Potential of Rural Residential Land in Xiayi County, Henan Province 2011, 1 (xb1):  64-66.  Abstract + ( 920 )   PDF ( 905KB )   ( 1201 )  Rural residential land consolidation is an effective way to increase the effective area of cultivated land and to achieve the requisition-compensation balance of cultivated land. Based on the analysis for the current situation of rural residential land use in Xiayi County, the consolidation potential of rural residential land in Xiayi County was measured in this paper by land use area per capita method, land use area per household, and vacant house potential tapping method.