Current issue

• 2016 Vol.6 No.11 Published:25 November 2016

  Effect of Low Temperature Stress on Seed-setting Rate and Physiological Characteristics of Rice Leaves at Booting Stage 李琬 2016, 6 (11):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070021 Abstract + ( 1535 )   PDF ( 1264KB )   ( 980 ) The aim is to clarify the effects of low temperature at booting stage on seed- setting rate and physiological characteristics of leaves. This study was conducted with two rice cultivars‘Longjing11’(cold sensitive) and‘Longdao5’(cold tolerant) which were planted in pots. At booting stage, the low temperature treatments (15℃, lasting 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 d) were carried out in climatic laboratory. The effects of low temperature on leaf membrane permeability and antioxidant enzymes of the cultivars were discussed. The results showed that the seed-setting rate of‘Longdao5’had little change in the low temperature condition, and the seedsetting rate of‘Longjing11’decreased significantly. The activities of SOD, POD and CAT in leaves first showed an increasing trend then a decreasing trend. The activities of antioxidase, contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein of‘Longdao5’were higher than those of‘Longjing11’, but the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and relative conductivity were lower than that of‘Longjing11’. It indicated that low temperature stress at booting stage could influence the physiological index such as membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzyme, and reduce the seed-setting rate.

  Plant Growth Regulators and Foliar Fertilizer: Premature Senescence Resistance Effects on Conventional Millet and Hybrid Millet 2016, 6 (11):  8-13.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080004 Abstract + ( 1234 )   PDF ( 1150KB )   ( 776 ) The aim is to solve leaf premature senescence of conventional millet and hybrid millet at later growth stage in practical production. The conventional millet‘Jingu 21’and the hybrid strain‘4A/H51’were used as materials. Taking water as the control, 8 plant growth regulators and 3 foliar fertilizers were sprayed. The chlorophyll concentration, photosynthetic rate and main agronomic traits were detected, and the effects of different agentia on physiological and agronomic indexes of different millet varieties were studied. The results showed that spraying Sea Chlorophyll, Power Plants 2013 and Genwang could improve chlorophyll content and increase photosynthetic rate. The transport and distribution of assimilation substance was effectively regulated. Compared with the control, the increasing extent of hybrid millet was higher than that of conventional millet, indicating that the agentia could effectively control premature senescence. Sea Chlorophyll enabled parietal lobe width significantly wider than the control, Genwang and Power Plants 2013 could thicken sheath stem, Power Plants 2013 could reduce plant height and so on, which met the current need of millet production research. Thus, the utilization of plant growth regulators and foliar fertilizers can solve the problem of premature senescence in millet production, especially benefit the large-scale promotion of hybrid millet.

  Breeding of New Wheat Variety‘Jinmai 98’with Drought Resistance 2016, 6 (11):  14-18.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16060007 Abstract + ( 1641 )   PDF ( 1226KB )   ( 1065 ) Aiming at ecological environment characteristics of Shanxi such as drought, less rainfall, cold and serious late spring cold, the Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences took drought- resistant, water- saving, high- yield and high- quality as breeding objectives. With pedigree hybridization breeding method, wheat new variety‘Jinmai 98’was bred and selected by irrigated field and dry field, multi-environmental and multiple site identification and molecular marker-assisted breeding.‘Jinmai 98’ had 10 molecular markers closely linked with efficient use and 7 genes related to drought resistance and water saving. The variety got an average yield of 4562.3 kg/hm2 in dry-land regional tests in south Shanxi in 2013- 2014, which was 9.6% higher than the control variety‘Jinmai47’. The plant height was 75 cm, effective panicle number was 5250 thousand/hm2, seeds per ear were 30-35, 1000-grain weight was 44 g. The variety was winter wheat with characters of precocity, cold resistance, drought resistance, lodging resistance, dry-hot wind tolerance, high yield, stable yield, good maturity, good comprehensive characters, great production potential, high quality and eurytopicity. The variety was approved in November, 2014 in Shanxi Province. It was suitable for large-scale cultivation in dry-land of winter wheat area in south Shanxi.

  Effect of Planting Density on Corn Agronomic Indexes 2016, 6 (11):  19-22.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16060004 Abstract + ( 1076 )   PDF ( 1161KB )   ( 1357 ) This test aims to study main agronomic characters performance of corn in different planting densities. The authors chose‘XY696’and‘Tongli 11’as materials, to find the optimal coupling of planting density and corn varieties, develop high-yield cultivation techniques, and provide a theoretical basis for corn cultivation. The authors used two-factor randomized block design with different densities and varieties, set ‘XY696’and‘Tongli 11’as main treatment and density as deputy treatment. The test density was set as 60000, 70000, 80000, 90000 and 100000 per hm2, to determine the optimal coupling of the two varieties and planting density. The results showed that under low density, due to large plant nutrient area and good air and light conditions, the plant photosynthetic rate was high; under high density, due to small plant nutrition area and poor ventilation and light conditions, the plant photosynthetic rate was low; the planting density of the two varieties was in the range of 60000-90000 per hm2, the agronomic yield index was positively correlated with density, when the density was 100000 per hm2, the agronomic yield index showed a downward trend. Therefore, the optimal coupling of the two corn varieties and planting density was 80000 to 90000 per hm2.

  Application of Apriori Algorithm in Analysis of Cotton Disease and Insect Pest 2016, 6 (11):  23-26.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030023 Abstract + ( 931 )   PDF ( 1370KB )   ( 793 ) To quickly and accurately know the trend of cotton insect pest and improve the timeliness and accuracy of forecast, we applied data mining technology using association rules in Apriori algorithm to comprehensively analyze the occurrence trend of three kinds of cotton pests including cotton bollworm, cotton spider mites and cotton aphid. The results showed that the occurrence of the three major cotton pests had a close relationship with climatic factors. In particular, the changes of temperature directly affected the species, period and amount of pest occurrence. Data mining technology using association rules plays a very important role in dealing with a large number of agricultural information data. Apriori algorithm is a new technology in forecasting cotton pest and has broad application prospect.

  Effects of Different Bio-fertilizers on Peach Quality and Soil Fertility in Tibet 2016, 6 (11):  27-31.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080011 Abstract + ( 636 )   PDF ( 1132KB )   ( 824 ) Effects of different bio- fertilizers on peach quality and soil fertility were studied in Modern Agriculture Scientific and Technological Demonstration District in Tibet. The results showed that the content of soluble sugar was significantly higher than that of CK (1.02%) under 4 treatments. Vc content of T1 increased by 32.5%. The content of organic C, available K and P increased significantly under the application of the 4 bio-fertilizers, and the pH value decreased. In consideration of improving soil fertility, accelerating nutrient uptake, promote fruit quality, reducing costs and maximizing economic benefits and environmental benefits, ‘Guangzhou Weiyuan bio-fertilizer’could be the bio-fertilizer applied with organic fertilizers in combination.

  Adaptability Screening of New Excellent Tobacco Varieties (Lines) In Ankang Tobacco Growing Area 2016, 6 (11):  32-36.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030009 Abstract + ( 893 )   PDF ( 1155KB )   ( 744 ) To screen excellent tobacco varieties (lines) with good development and resistance to maturity, and adapt to the environment in Ankang tobacco growing area, this article analyzed the growth period characters, botanical characters, agronomic characters, disease resistance, the appearance of flue- cured leaves and economic characters of five tobacco varieties(lines), which were‘Yunyan99’,‘Yunyan105’,‘6517’,‘PVH19’ and‘K326’. The results showed that, compared with the control‘K326’,‘Yunyan105’had better appearance among the tested varieties, flower bud appeared earlier, growth period was longer, had more remained leaves and stronger disease resistance, the appearance of flue-cured leaves was better, the yield per unit area was 2134.5 kg/hm2, the single output was 39274.8yuan/hm2, the high class leaf rate was 39.07%, the weight of single leaf was 8.4 g.‘Yunyan99’also had better appearance among the tested varieties, the sand leaf matured earlier, stem girth and lumbar leaf were the largest, had stronger disease resistance, the appearance of fluecured leaves was better, the yield per unit area was 2058 kg/hm2, the single output was 36838.5 yuan/hm2, the high class leaf rate was 40.4%. So‘Yunyan105’and‘Yunyan99’could be collocation varieties moderately planted in main Ankang tobacco growing area.

  Advance in Effect of Biotic Potassium Application on Potassium Content and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco 2016, 6 (11):  37-41.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080001 Abstract + ( 874 )   PDF ( 1124KB )   ( 840 ) Potassium was one of the elements essential for the growth and development of Flue-cured Tobacco, potassium content was an important indicator of quality of Flue-cured Tobacco, low potassium content of Flue-cured Tobacco had severely restricted the development of tobacco production. Therefore, it was of great practical significance to improve the potassium content of Flue-cured Tobacco to improve the quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in China.The authors reviewed the effect of potassium on physiological function and quality of Flue-cured Tobacco, effect of biological potassium fertilizer on development, potassium content, quality of Flue-cured Tobacco and conditions for effective application of biological potassium fertilizer. The effects of biological potassium fertilizer on the growth, yield and quality of Flue-cured Tobacco were summarized, On the basis of the above discussion, the techniques for increasing the potassium content of Flue-cured Tobacco were proposed, it was believed that biological potassium fertilizer was one of the effective ways to improve the quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in China,The authors made an outlook on the future research of biological potassium fertilizer.

  Cassava Intercropping with Watermelon: High Yield and High Efficiency Cultivation of Economic Benefit 2016, 6 (11):  42-46.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070016 Abstract + ( 969 )   PDF ( 1167KB )   ( 1156 ) In order to promote the development of cassava industry and improve comparative economic benefit of cassava planting, the authors carried out high yield and high efficiency cultivation experiment and demonstration of cassava intercropping with watermelon in Guiping county from 2012 to 2015. This article summarized a set of cultivation techniques and analyzed the yield and economic benefits of cassava intercropping with watermelon. It showed that the economic benefits of cassava intercropping with watermelon was 110.1% higher than that of only planting cassava and was 90.8% higher than that of only planting watermelon in demonstration area, the economic benefits of cassava intercropping with watermelon was 129.0% higher than that of only planting cassava and was 77.5% higher than that of only planting watermelon in radiation area. The results of the study can provide a technical support for the standardized cultivation and production of cassava.

  Impact Factor Analysis of Root Growth of Hardwood Cuttage of Bougainvillea Glabra 2016, 6 (11):  47-52.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070014 Abstract + ( 959 )   PDF ( 1188KB )   ( 1255 ) To improve new root quality of lignified cuttage of bougainvillea glabra, culture strong seedling, and discover suitable cuttage method, the effects of different rooting agent, dosage, substrate on rooting rate, number, weight, and survival rate of transplantation were surveyed. At the same time, air temperature and humidity were monitored. The results showed following rules. When woody branch was immersed into mixture of 100 mg/L GGR-6 and 750 mg/L IBA for 15 minutes, and cultured in sand with conditions of 25-40℃ air temperature and 97% humidity in early growth period. Average rooting number, rate and survival rate of transplantation of cuttage reached 107, 98% and 96% respectively. Rooting rate dose not related with survival rate of transplantation. As evaluation indexes of rooting effect of cuttage seedling, root number, weight extremely significantly related with survival rate of transplantation.

  Potential of Gutter Oil Substituting for Coal in Tobacco Curing 2016, 6 (11):  53-57.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16060016 Abstract + ( 690 )   PDF ( 1096KB )   ( 852 ) To explore the potential of gutter oil as novel fuel in tobacco curing, we summarized the utilization status of novel fuels, the properties of illegal cooking oil and the notes of using illegal cooking oil in tobacco curing. The results showed that novel fuels used in tobacco curing had some deficiencies such as severe pollution and low calorific value. Gutter oil, characterized by low price, abuandance and high calorific value, has great potential as fuel for tobacco curing. Further purification of gutter oil and revamp of combustion apparatus should be researched, for providing references in cost reduction and pollution control in tobacco curing.

  Technical Regulations for Planting Forage Millet in Hebei Province 2016, 6 (11):  58-63.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16060017 Abstract + ( 747 )   PDF ( 1206KB )   ( 689 ) In order to solve the problem of low production level of forage millet, based on years of experiments, we studied the technical regulations for planting forage millets, such as the application scope, preparation before sowing, planting requirements, field management, mowing conditions for different uses. In addition, we clarified specific measures and technical indicators. This study will provide a technical support for forage millet planting with normalization, standardization, industrialization and marketization.

  桑树；DNA提取；PCR扩增 2016, 6 (11):  64-66.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16050018 Abstract + ( 733 )   PDF ( 1201KB )   ( 731 ) The aim is to explore an efficient, stable, low-cost DNA extraction method. The total genomic DNA was extracted from mulberry leaves with CTAB in Anhui. Ultraviolet spectrophotometer, agarose gel electrophoresis and PCR methods were used to test the DNA quality. The results showed that the value of A260/ A280 was 1.80-1.90, DNA yield was 0.187-0.275 μg/mg. The extracted DNA was used as templates, the clear target bands were obtained by PCR amplification. It indicated that CTAB method was suitable to extract the total genomic DNA from leaves of mulberry, which could meet the need of subsequent analysis of molecular biology.

  Extraction and Antioxidant Activity of Total Polyphenol from Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) 2016, 6 (11):  67-74.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070007 Abstract + ( 906 )   PDF ( 1597KB )   ( 938 ) The extraction and analysis method of total polyphenol from black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)was established to explore the distribution in black pepper fruit and antioxidant activity of total polyphenol, which would be contributed to the further study on total polyphenol in black pepper. Black pepper fruit as the main raw material, through single factor and orthogonal experiment, the influence of ethanol concentration, extraction time, solid-liquid ratio, extraction temperature and so on four factors on pepper total polyphenol extraction yield was analyzed. The total polyphenol content in extract of black pepper was analyzed using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry with gallic acid as standard. The total polyphenol content in pepper peel, seed and stem was also measured. The antioxidant potential of the total polyphenol extract from black pepper was evaluated for their ability to scavenge 1,1’-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl( DPPH) free radical, and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated as antioxidant activity evaluation index. The results showed that the optimal condition for total polyphenol extraction was ethanol of 55%，solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 (g/mL), temperature of 90℃ and time of 4 h, respectively. The total polyphenol content in black pepper was 6.556 mg/g. The highest content of total polyphenol (12.208 mg/g) was detected in black pepper stem, followed by peel (12.105 mg/g), while the lowest was in seed (2.891 mg/g). The total polyphenol content in black pepper was a significant negative correlated with IC50 value (P<0.05). Compared with vitamin C, the total polyphenol extract from black pepper had more powerful free radical scavenging capacity. Total polyphenol might be the main component contributing to antioxidant activity of pepper. Peel and stem of black pepper could be used as good source of natural antioxidant.

  Development Strategy of Agricultural Popular Science Journals: Under the Cultivation of New Agricultural Management Entities 余开 2016, 6 (11):  75-79.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16060013 Abstract + ( 863 )   PDF ( 1144KB )   ( 774 ) To make agricultural popular science journals survive and develop better under the cultivation of new agricultural management entities, we analyzed the importance for agricultural popular science journals offering good service to the new agricultural management entities, and proposed corresponding developmental countermeasures. The countermeasures included paying attention to valid circulation, managing individualized column, expanding effect of journal brand and strengthening team construction. Agricultural popular science journals should grasp the development opportunity of serving the new agricultural management entities, thus get an upward growth.

  Relationship Between Green Space Pattern and Temperature: A Case Study of Taiyuan 刘艳红 and 冯代丽 2016, 6 (11):  80-84.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16070009 Abstract + ( 1021 )   PDF ( 1794KB )   ( 834 ) The study aims to study the relationship between green space pattern and temperature according to the established scale. The pattern of green space was calculated by green space pattern index, the index was determined by patch size, boundary characteristics and spatial characteristics, and inversion temperature was obtained by remote sensing images. The results showed that when the patch number was above 400 and the dispersion of average patch area and patch area changed within a certain range, the temperature could drop. When the average patch boundary complexity was kept within a certain range, the temperature could drop. The results of spatial location also showed that when the average index and the average distance changed within a certain range, the temperature could drop. The results have guiding significances for the construction of urban green space.

  Prediction of Grain Demand in Fujian Province 2016, 6 (11):  85-89.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16060015 Abstract + ( 978 )   PDF ( 1086KB )   ( 796 ) To realize the maximum utilization of limited resources and provide new supporting data for food security in Fujian Province, the author analyzed grain consumption characteristics from 2003 to 2012 and predicted grain demand for the next several years. The results showed that, firstly, the total grain consumption in Fujian Province showed an increasing trend, and the consumption structure had a large variation. Secondly, grain consumption per capita increased 44 kg, ration consumption per capita decreased 12 kg, feed grain consumption per capita increased 55 kg. Substantial increase of feed grain was the main reason leading to the substantial growth of grain consumption per capita in Fujian Province. Thirdly, comparison of the grain consumption per capita at different economic levels and under reasonable dietary patterns showed that there were obvious differences. The actual consumption was higher than the theoretical values. Irrational grain consumption led to grain waste. Fourthly, according to the prediction of grain demand per capita at high, middle and low levels, prediction of grain demand based on reasonable dietary patterns could reflect the actual grain demand, and the grain demand was 12.22 million tons in 2020 and 12.43 million tons in 2025.

  Tourist Satisfaction and Participant Behavior of Picking Style Leisure Agriculture in Yantai: An Example of Big Cherry Picking in Fushan District 2016, 6 (11):  90-94.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080012 Abstract + ( 885 )   PDF ( 1209KB )   ( 757 ) To promote the development of picking style leisure agriculture industry and fill the gaps of related researches, tourist satisfaction and participant behavior of picking style leisure agriculture in Yantai city is studied by means of questionnaire and scoring method. The results showed that the tourist satisfaction score of big cherry picking in Fushan reached a high level of 30.3 points. The tourist satisfaction scores of the big cherry picking in Fushan rose with the ages of the tourists, and its correlation reached a significant level. The tourist satisfaction scores of the big cherry picking in Fushan declined with the educational degrees, and its negative correlation reached a significant level. The tourists got the information of the big cherry picking in Fushan mainly from their friends and internet. Tourists traveled to Fushan for the big cherry picking mainly by self-travelling or through a travel agency. The purposes of the big cherry picking in Fushan were diversified. 68.2% of the tourists said that they would travel again. 79.8% of the tourists said that they would recommend it to others. The tourist satisfaction of the big cherry picking in Fushan reached a high level. The tourists showed high enthusiasm in taking part in the travel.

  Research Progress of Protection and Development of Agricultural Heritage 张建国,蔡碧凡 and 张明如 2016, 6 (11):  95-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16050019 Abstract + ( 967 )   PDF ( 1081KB )   ( 1187 ) In order to provide a reference for the future protection and development of agricultural heritage, we reviewed researches on protection and development of agricultural heritage at home and abroad, and analyzed the connotation of agricultural heritage. Foreign researches mainly focused on the protection and development, and were mainly empirical researches which explored the connotation, value, sustainable management of agricultural heritage. Researches in China mainly concentrated in the past ten years, focused on the definition, type, feature, value and protection and reasonable development modes of agricultural heritage. Research directions became more and more diverse, and researchers began to combine quantitative analysis with qualitative method. The researches indicated that the theory of agricultural heritage was not mature, comprehensive evaluation system has not been built yet, the contradictions between heritage protection and development has no been resolved. Finally, we put forward the future direction of the protection and development of agricultural heritage.