Current issue

• 2016 Vol.6 No.8 Published:23 August 2016

  Strategy and Suggestion Achieving Wheat-Maize both Mechanically Harvesting Grain in Huang-Huai-Hai Region 2016, 6 (8):  1-3.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16060018 Abstract + ( 1695 )   PDF ( 1197KB )   ( 953 ) Huang-Huai-Hai region is an important commodity grain production region in China. Its double cropping farming system is characterized by winter- wheat and summer- maize planting. Increasing the efficiency of grain production in the Huang-Huai-Hai region has great significance to the advancement of agriculture, the development of rural areas and the well-being of farmers. In this study, we propose a method that features a 10-15 days delay of winter wheat sowing, in combination with the use of early maturity and high grain dehydration rate maize varieties that fit mechanically harvesting and related cultivation management and harvesting form. Meanwhile, we suggest that collaborative cooperation between enterprises and scientific research institutions be carried out to select and cultivate mechanically harvesting grain varieties, improve the grain harvest machinery, build drying equipment, and apply for national supporting projects to help industry upgrading and promote the comprehensive development of grain production in Huang-Huai-Hai region.

  Physiological response and yield traits expression of sorghum response to water stressCao Changlin, Bai Wenbin, Zhang Jianhua, Shi Lijuan, Peng Zhidong, 2016, 6 (8):  4-11.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16020005 Abstract + ( 1464 )   PDF ( 1324KB )   ( 711 ) In order to understand and master the physiological response to water stress and its effect on sorghum yield traits,two factors and four levels of a randomized block design was studied.The results showed that activities of SOD and POD could be improved and contents of Pro and MDA could be increased under mild water stress.Under moderate to severe water stress activities of SOD and POD decreased and contents of Pro and MDA increased.After rehydration Seedling Stress,four physiological parameters basically could be restored to its original state,except the long duration of severe stress treatment, and yield traits significantly higher than the control under moderate long duration and short duration of severe stress,5% of the difference was significant.After re-jointing of water stress,four physiological parameters could be restored to the original level under the short duration of Stress, and there was no significant effect on yield traits. Under the long duration of stress, physiological parameters was not restored to its original state, yield traits fell significantly worse with stress, and reached significant or extremely significant level.

  Cluster Analysis of Fagopyrum tataricum Varieties (lines) 2016, 6 (8):  12-17.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030019 Abstract + ( 1406 )   PDF ( 1230KB )   ( 837 ) In order to reveal genetic differences and group characteristics among Fagopyrum tataricum varieties (lines) intuitively, and to further explore good resources and avoid the blindness of parent selection in breeding, six primary agronomic characters of 45 F.tartaricum varieties (lines) that came from the eleven buckwheat breeding departments all over the country were analyzed with principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the application of principal component analysis simplified six agronomic characters into three principal components, the cumulative contribution rate reached 83%. By using cluster analysis, 45 F.tartaricum varieties (lines) were classified into four types at the 2.76 level: high stalk, medium yield and small grains type, medium stalk, high yield and big grains type, medium stalk, low yield and small grains type, high stalk, medium yield and medium grains type, respectively. Among the four types, comprehensive traits of the second type were better than those of other types. It could be considered as the good varieties (breeding materials). The genetic differences of F.tartaricum varieties had no necessary link with origin and geographical distance. In addition to complementary traits and the geographical distance, genetic differences (different groups) should be taken into consideration when the parents were selected in cross breeding.

  Different Fungicides Against Wheat Scab 2016, 6 (8):  18-22.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16050009 Abstract + ( 1224 )   PDF ( 1271KB )   ( 916 ) In order to screen out the safe and efficient fungicides for wheat scab control, a field experiment of 4 kinds of new fungicides on wheat scab was set up, including 20% triadimefon EC, 70% tebuconazole WG, 50% carbendazim WP, 25% beta suspension. At the same management level, a large area comparative demonstration was conducted in compare with the control group treated with water. Results showed that the yield of water treatment was 7976.01 kg/hm2. Among the 4 treatments, the highest yield was 8455.77 kg/hm2 with 25% beta suspension 1500 mL/hm2, increased by 479.76 kg compared with the control with an increasing rate of 6%. The second-highest yield was 8155.92 kg/hm2 with 50% carbendazim WP 1500 mL/hm2, increased by179.91 kg compared with the control with an increasing rate of 2.3%. 20% Triadimefon EC 750 mL/hm2 and 70% tebuconazole WG 150 mL/hm2 had no significant difference from the control group. It was concluded that 25% beta suspension 1500 mL/hm2 had the best control effect, in the spraying heading to flowering stage, it could effectively prevent the occurrence of scab for a higher yield.

  Feeding and Reproductive Choices of Schwiebea similis (Acari: Acaridae) on Nine Crops 2016, 6 (8):  23-28.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16040001 Abstract + ( 1189 )   PDF ( 1281KB )   ( 809 ) Schwiebea similis Manson, is a new pest mite in grown areas of American ginseng, Panax quinquefolium L., in Liuba County, Shaanxi Province. To explore the potential effects of agricultural control on the pest, feeding and reproductive choice experiment was conducted with 9 food crops under 5 rearing te mperatures to investigate the preference of Schwiebea similis. 2 sets of experiments were conducted with both Latin square and two-factor designs, and parent mites were reared and observed for one generation time, the mites feeding and reproductive choices on the crops were assessed with mean values of parent and filial offsprin g mites on each food tested. Results of the 2 experiment sets showed that the differences among mean values of mites were significant( P < 0.01), and the rank of mean value on food crops from high to low was garlic (Allium sativum, clove), potato (Solanum tuberosum, tuber), Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposite, tuber), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium, taproot), turnip (Raphanus sativus, taproot), carrot (Daucus carota, taproot), spring onion (Allium fistulosum, white leaf-s heath), ginger (Zingiber officinale, rhizome), and wheat (Triticum aestivum, fibrous root). In the extent of test temperatures, significant differences (P<0.01) also existed among mean values of mites. Its living and reproduction temperature was close to optimum at 24.5℃, proper at 15.6- 21.2℃, and less proper at 27.2℃. The target mite did not like feeding on wheat (fibrous roots), which suggested that lower population densities of root mites were in fields with pre- stubbles of wheat or other crops of Gramineae which might be suitable to rotate with American ginseng.

  Effects of Sublethal Dose of Pyridaben on Acaphyllatheae Watt Population 2016, 6 (8):  29-32.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16040024 Abstract + ( 971 )   PDF ( 1276KB )   ( 664 ) In order to study the sublethal effect of pyridaben on Acaphyllatheae Watt population, leaf disc feeding was conducted indoor, the effect of sublethal dose of pyridaben on the growth and reproduction of Acaphyllatheae Watt populations (F0 and F1) were studied by life table analysis. The results showed that the egg amounts of F0 female adults treated by pyridaben at three sublethal dosages (LC50, LC20 and LC10) were increased by 56.35% , 48.74% and 38.61% , respectively, while there was little effect on the longevity, oviposition duration and female to male sex ratio; the egg stage, larval stage and adult stages had no significant difference compared with that of CK (P>0.05), but adult female longevity was shorter than that of CK; the oviposition duration and egg amount of F1 generation were significantly lower than that of CK, while female to male sex ratio was higher than that of CK significantly (P<0.05); the intrinsic increase rate (rm) , net reproductive rate (R0) an d the mean generation time (T) of F1 were all shorter than that of CK, but population doubling time (Dt) was higher than that of CK, finite increase rate (λ) had no difference from that of CK. The results indicated that the treatment with sublethal doses of pyridaben had no stimulating effect on reproduction and it could reduce the development rate of Acaphyllatheae Watt.

  Countermeasures of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control and Soil Quality Improvement:From a Perspective of Modern Ecological Circular Agriculture Technology Collaborative Innovation in Fujian 2016, 6 (8):  33-40.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030015 Abstract + ( 1267 )   PDF ( 1202KB )   ( 733 ) The development of modern ecological agriculture is an important part of modern agriculture with Chinese characteristics, Its core content include the rational use of natural resources and the space-time structure, building an effective recycling technology model, Full multi-functional role of agriculture, Improving resource utilization, land productivity, labor productivity, pollution prevention and control rate, and then achieving ecological production and living organic unity. Obviously, Vigorously develop modern ecological agriculture, we must grasp the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution and enhance soil quality important part. In this paper, we must take the initiative to enhance the prevention and control of technical measures and soil quality action, It seeks to reverse the passive agricultural nonpoint source pollution control and organic farming support to combine the difficult situation fundamentally, to ensure superior quality to produce excellent high degree of unity, It seeks to ensure food security, food safety and agricultural ecological security point of view and from the fundamental countermeasures.

  Pana xnotoginseng F.H.Chen: Cultivation Techniques Under Different Forests 2016, 6 (8):  41-44.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16040029 Abstract + ( 1270 )   PDF ( 1256KB )   ( 1096 ) To overcome the Pana xnotoginseng F.H.Chen Facility cultivation high cost and the consecutive monoculture problems of cultivated land, to satisfy the market demand, to save the production cost, improve the utilization rate of forest land, increase the income of forest farmers, protect the ecological environment, we has been used Pana xnotoginseng F.H.Chen high quality seedlings in wenshan yunnanthe for carring out cultivation technology research under 4 forests land,Nut forest,China fir forest,Gracp forest,Kiwi fruit forest. The results showed that different forest land cultivation growth of nut forest cultivation of Pana xnotoginseng F.H.Chen, crown diameter, survival rate, three years raw tuber weight were higher than the other three kinds of forests land, China fir forest is better than that of grape and Kiwi fruit forest, grapes forest is higher than the kiwi fruit forest at crown diameter and survival rate, but high growth and tuber weight below the kiwi fruit forest. when we cultivated Pana xnotoginseng F.H.Chen for scale cultivation under forests,we shoule be chice broadleaf deciduous forest because the nut are broadleaf deciduous tree species, forest crown density should be around 0.8, using the leaves a cool environment and rich humus layer under forests, it,s able to save artificial, shade, fertilizer and other costs, and accords with the ecological habit and the growth rule of Pana xnotoginseng F.H.Chen, also it’s can improve production and obtain superior economic efficiency.

  Seeding Quantity Regulating Device Applied to Big Population Small Individuality No Thinning out Seedlings of Millet Multiple Cropping with Wheat Stubble 2016, 6 (8):  45-49.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16020001 Abstract + ( 1088 )   PDF ( 1300KB )   ( 766 ) In order to effectively solve seeding quantity regulating device applied in big population small individuality no thinning out seedlings of multiple millet cropping with wheat stubble, reduce researching, producing and purchasing costs, and improve seeding efficiency and planting benefit. The technical scheme was designed, applied to small experiment , pilot test and trial production; The seed-metering boxes covered A and B were developed and matching to “Wheat Rotary tillage(no-tillage) sowing and compacting unity machine”, which made of polystyrene foam with advantages of extensive materials, low cost and simple process. The device had characteristics of simple installing and dismantling with “Wheat Rotary tillage (no-tillage) sowing and compacting unity machine”, low production cost, high efficiency and easy operation, and it increased the functions of “Wheat Rotary tillage (no-tillage) sowing and compacting unity machine”.The device accorded with the agro-technique demands of multiple cropping millet of big population small individuality with wheat stubble by application to production demonstration. This study provided technical support of saving cost and easy cultured method for multiple cropping millet with wheat stubble in the Huang-huai wheat producing area.

  Construction of Cucumber Powdery Mildew Early Warning System in Solar Greenhouse Based on Internet of Things 2016, 6 (8):  50-53.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16040015 Abstract + ( 1079 )   PDF ( 1173KB )   ( 725 ) In order to explore the design and construction of cucumber powdery mildew warning system in solar greenhouse, internet of things technology was used to conduct the real- time dynamic monitoring of the incidence of cucumber powdery mildew and cucumber growth environment in solar greenhouse. The growth environment included temperature and humidity of air and soil. Logistic regression model was used to construct cucumber powdery mildew warning model. The results showed that humidity characteristic variable (maximum air humidity) and temperature characteristic variable (maximum air temperature) had significant effects on the incidence probability of cucumber powdery mildew in solar greenhouse. And it was feasible to construct cucumber powdery mildew warning system in solar greenhouse with internet of things.

  Design and Application of Agronomic Traits of Regional Trial Data Entry System Based on Excel VBA 2016, 6 (8):  54-58.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030020 Abstract + ( 1069 )   PDF ( 3033KB )   ( 1085 ) In order to decrease the workload of regional trial data inputing, reduce the error rate and improve the work efficiency, we established the data entry system. (method) Firstly, we construct a fixed data inputing area in Excel that is divided into the original data inputing area and the derived data computing area, then complete the computerized original data calculation through Excel’s powerful function of formula, finally, accomplish the preservation and processing of result data quickly by Excel VBA program. Using the fixed data area as a template to process data can simplify a large number of repetitive operations. (result) An accurate and efficient agronomic traits data entry and sorting system was established based on Excel VBA, in addition, descripting the design and application of the system in this paper, taking soybean agronomic traits data for example. (conclusion)The system is simple, stable and efficient, which can greatly improve the work efficiency, reduce the labor intensity as well as error rate and has a certain value of popularization an application.

  Quantitative Evaluation of the Impact of Science and Technology Journals: A Case Study of Agricultural Outlook 2016, 6 (8):  59-63.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030004 Abstract + ( 1028 )   PDF ( 1172KB )   ( 805 ) Science and technology journal impact is reflected in the journal social value, the degree of concern, as well as academic quality. How to quantify the evaluation of science and technology journal impact, there are still considerable differences. So as a Chinese agricultural core journal, we counted all data of Agricultural Outlook on CNKI from 2005 to 2015, according to the bibliometric indicators of CAJCCR, and analyzed its published articles, downloads, the proportion of the fund papers and citation, and times cited. Through analysis, all above statistics of the journal are expressed as a yearly trend. It shows that the journal has developed rapidly, has a certain academic quality and academic influence. At the same time, researchers are very concerned about the journal, it reflects the journal''s value and social value. In 2009-2011, the Journal has developed rapidly, after 2012, maintained a steady pace of development. It shows that in the past 10 years, the journal’s development has matured. But the proportion of funds of the journal have yet to be improved, still has some room for development. Thus, the quantitative statistical data reflects the peer experts, scholars and readers of the journal degree of concern, reflects the quality and academic influence of academic journals. It has the objectivity, fairness and accuracy.

  Organic Agriculture Development: At Home and Abroad 2016, 6 (8):  64-69.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16020004 Abstract + ( 1284 )   PDF ( 1105KB )   ( 1082 ) China is the fourth in the world in organic agriculture area certified , but overall level is relatively lower. The main problems: small size in organic unit, low industrialization level and added value is small; simply focus on product safety and hygiene quality, while ignoring the ecological harmony, theory and practice of environment friendly; modern biological controling technologies, biological fertilizer, weeding technologies and promotion lag, cannot satisfy the requirement of scale development of organic agriculture, the production cost is high; soil and water loss problem in organic agriculture in mountainous areas, soil and atmospheric pollution bring new security risks; domestic organic certification has not in line with international standards yet, lack of international competitiveness. The strategies: as an important part of the construction of ecological civilization education and publicity, organic agriculture; state of organic agriculture projects to focus on supporting the development of organic agriculture; characteristic scale base planning at the national level; improve the professional standard of organic food identification, professional qualifications, the establishment of credit system of organic agriculture, organic agriculture major; related institutions and production enterprises should strengthen cooperation, promote the integration of organic agriculture research and extension of organic agriculture industry chain; pay attention to the problem of soil and water conservation in organic agriculture, strengthen the prevention and control and early warning of regional organic agricultural soil and atmospheric pollution; develop organic agriculture standard system with international standards, feasible, and promote international organic certification accreditation, improve the international competitiveness of China organic products.

  Development and Utilization of Winter Agriculture in Duchang County 2016, 6 (8):  70-74.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030002 Abstract + ( 1106 )   PDF ( 1148KB )   ( 947 ) Comprehensive development and utilization of agricultural resources in winter has been the concern of all sectors of society, the focus is how to increase the incomes of farmers and achieve the harmonious and sustainable development of agriculture, countryside and farmers. Farmers’enthusiasm is low in developing agriculture in winter in Duchang County, which was observed through random interviews with farmers, face to face communication with the agricultural science and technology promotion personnel and large scale grain production households, and questionnaire survey. The fallow field area was averagely 45.61% a year in winter. Except for special years, the year-to-year fluctuation of planting area of winter agriculture was relatively stable, with an average -0.24% a year, but the year-to-year yield of winter crops had a large increasing range, which was averagely of 3.79% a year. The yield increase was mainly benefited from the increasing input level of agricultural materials, agriculture and agricultural technique. There were 4 main factors affecting the development of winter agriculture: firstly, the poor agricultural economic benefit and low enthusiasm of farmers; secondly, the lack of labor force and agricultural production capacity in rural areas; thirdly, the less prominent geographical and regional advantage, and undeveloped large-scale mechanized production; fourthly, simple planting structure and low coordination between industries. At last, there were 4 ways and countermeasures for developing and utilizing winter fallow field and increasing farmers’income: introducing relevant policies to mobilize farmers’enthusiasm; unifying planning and step-by-step implementation; increasing the intensity of investment and developing scale cultivation; extending agricultural industry chain and realizing the integration development of agricultural industry chain.

  Benefit Sharing Mechanism of Rural Tourism in Beijing 2016, 6 (8):  75-80.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.casb16030134 Abstract + ( 968 )   PDF ( 1271KB )   ( 770 ) In order to promote the development of rural economy and broaden the channels for increasing peasants’ income, questionnaire survey method was used to research benefit sharing mechanism of rural tourism in Beijing. The research showed that through long-term development, Beijing rural tourism gradually becomes a new growth point of suburb tourism of Beijing. With the development of multilateral participation and cooperation, conflicts appeared among different stakeholders because of their different benefit demands. Therefore, a balanced benefit distribution mechanism was needed to be built up for the reasonable distribution and sharing of benefits of rural tourism tourism. Based on the above situation and the previous researches, the status and functions of different stakeholders were summarized, and relationships among the stakeholders were analyzed according to the sources of their benefits. Finally, with consideration to the defect of the current benefit sharing mechanism, corrective methods and suggestions were put forward to promote the healthy development of rural tourism and achieve the reasonable sharing of rural resources and benefit.

  Application Mode of Landscape Crops Based on the Integration of Agriculture and Tourism in Lishui, Zhejiang Province 潘建义,范飞军,张君媚 and 潘江南 2016, 6 (8):  81-86.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16040012 Abstract + ( 1096 )   PDF ( 2109KB )   ( 1089 ) In order to explore the functions of crops besides production. Lishui City in Zhejiang Province was taken as an example to discuss the application modes of landscape crops in this article. The concept of landscape crop was given and the aesthetic values of crops including the beauty of color, shape, fragrance，Seasonal and culture. In addition, the categories of landscape crops were classified and application modes were discussed. Then examples including terraces in Yunhe County, Damushan tea garden for riding in Songyang County and Jianchuan flower sea in Jinyun County were analyzed. Finally, combined with the development plan of constructing the beautiful village in Lishui, the design principles and ideas of landscape crops were put forward to explore the values of production, life, ecology and aesthetics of crops, and provide reference for promoting the combination of the primary, secondary and tertiry industry, integration of agriculture and tourism and the construction of beautiful China.

  Investigation and Analysis of Agricultural Science Quality Evaluation and Training Requirement of New Professional Farmers: A Case Study of Rural Development Leaders in Yantai 王冠奇 2016, 6 (8):  87-91.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16020013 Abstract + ( 1093 )   PDF ( 1202KB )   ( 744 ) In order to explore the evaluation method of the qualities of agricultural science and technology on the new professional farmers and the training demand and fill the blank of relevant research. Based on the questionnaire survey and grading method, the new professional farmers’ quality of agricultural science and technology was evaluated and analysis. The results showed that the peasants’ quality of agricultural science and technology was at only medium level. It needs further improvement. Farmers are most interested in knowledge is "agricultural practical technology" and "agricultural knowledge management". The farmers rely on scientific and technological progress to increase income for the future is confident. They access to agricultural science and technology knowledge and selling agricultural products need to be further widened. In land management scale and land operation income and the quality of agricultural science and technology are characterized by a very significant positive correlation. The respondents said they would like to attend the training on the new professional farmers. They require the flexibility and variety of training content and training methods.

  Quality Supervision System of Evaluation of Agricultural Talents with Practical Skills 2016, 6 (8):  92-96.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030013 Abstract + ( 1232 )   PDF ( 1149KB )   ( 709 ) In order to make the quality supervision system better serve the evaluation of agricultural talents with practical skills, improve the quality of agricultural occupational skill evaluation, perfect the evaluation system and enhance the training, quality supervision system of the evaluation of agricultural talents with practical skills was studied. The connotation, establishment and development and the supervising, driving, standardizing and promoting function of quality supervision system of the evaluation of agricultural talents with practical skills were briefly introduced. Then the current situation of the quality supervision system and the innovative modes of supervising elsewhere, quality inspection and evaluation, quality system certification were reported. Meanwhile, the existing problems were analyzed objectively. Finally, the suggestions which could perfect the quality supervision system were put forward to realize the whole process of supervision, reinforcement of the information management level and quality supervision of the key points. The future development trends of the quality supervision system should be standardization and socialization and the supervision professionals’team should be specialization.

  Research on the Origin and Development of Chinese Agricultural School 2016, 6 (8):  97-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030006 Abstract + ( 986 )   PDF ( 1063KB )   ( 1030 ) Chinese agricultural school was formed in the warring states period. As an independent school ,Chinese agricultural school famed out after the warring states period. This paper studies the origin and development of Chinese agricultural school with the method of historiography. The academic thought of Chinese agricultural school originated from legend of monarch and agricultural official in ancient times. Chinese agricultural school can be divided into Houji sect and Shennong sect according to the origin and the academic thought. Chinese agricultural school developed as the forms of official expression of stressing agriculture thoughts, specialized the summarizing of agricultural experience and melted into other schools in the end of warring states period.