Current issue

• 2016 Vol.6 No.7 Published:18 July 2016

  Trends in Main Ingredient of Varieties in the Spring Maize Regional Trials of Shaanxi Province in recent five years 2016, 6 (7):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010022 Abstract + ( 1329 )   PDF ( 1088KB )   ( 769 ) The study aims to seek the principal components variation trends of the tested varieties in maize regional trials of Shaanxi Province in 2010—2014, and provide a theoretical basis for the reform of maize validation system, maize regional trial and variety certification. The authors selected top three varieties according to yield to participate in the maize regional trials of Shaanxi Province from 2010 to 2014, calculated the average value and selected the principal components according to the year as the unit, and compared the changing trend of principal components of maize varieties during the 5 years. ① Growth period of the tested varieties showed a decreasing trend, reduced by 6.17 days in all, with an average of 1.23 days every year. ② Plant height and ear height showed a decreasing trend, the plant height was decreased by 0.42 m in all, with an average of 0.106 m every year; the ear height was decreased by 0.3 m in all, with an average of 0.0758 m every year. ③ Ear length reduced in twists and turns, it had a trend of about 18 cm; hundred grain weight showed a decreasing trend , decreased by 3.23 g in all, with an average of 0.81 g every year; rows per ear was about 16, kernels per row was about 37. ④ Plant type was mainly compact type, grain type was dent and grain color was all yellow. Therefore, the principal components analysis showed that the tested spring maize regional trial varieties of Shaanxi Province were gradually developed to high yield, lodging resistance, high density and mechanization suitability.

  Effects of Film Mulching and Nitrogen Application on Period、Moisture Consume and Yield of Sorghum 2016, 6 (7):  6-12.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010021 Abstract + ( 965 )   PDF ( 1179KB )   ( 615 ) Abstract: In order to explore the effects of film mulching and nitrogen application on growth period, growth stages,soil moisture content , yield and yield component factors of different sorghum varieties.The experiment with two sorghum varieties ‘JinZa No.34’ and ‘JinZa No.35’ was conducted to investigate the varieties of different cultivation measures (B1:film mulching and B2 no film mulching) and different nitrogen leveles(C1:0kg/hm2N. C2:225 kg/hm2N. C3:450 kg/hm2N) on soil moisture content of different growth stages,yield and its component factors of sorghum in the experimental plot of The Industrial Crop Institute of Shan Xi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.The results showed that film mulching and N fertilizer application amout of 225 kg/hm2 were the reasonable cultivation measure for ‘JinZa No.34’ and ‘JinZa No.35’.The growth period of sorghum was significantly shorted by the film mulching treatment which was firstly shorted and then lengthened with the increasing of N fertilizer.Film mulching significantly increased the spike grain weight and yield pf sorghum.The water consumption of 0—20cm soil layer was more during the whole growth period of sorghum and increasing N fertilizer could enhance the water consumption of 0—20cm and 20—40cm soil layers.The variational laws of growth and development characteristics,soil moisture and yield trait of sorghum under the film mulching and nitrogen application have been obtained by the experiment which would provide a reference for the study of dryland sorghum.

  Grey Correlative Degree Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluationof the different broomcorn millet varieties 2016, 6 (7):  13-18.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030017 Abstract + ( 997 )   PDF ( 1186KB )   ( 670 ) The aim was to discuss high yield breeding through comprehensive evaluation of main agronomic characters of different broomcorn millet varieties. The classification was conducted using cluster analysis methods, and the correlation degree between the main agronomic characters and yield was ranked by the gray correlation degree method. The results showed that the correlation degree between 8 agronomic characters of 18 broomcorn millet varieties and yield was as follows: growth duration> stem height> rates of broomcorn millet> spike weight per ear>number of branches>spike length>1000-seed weight>single ear weigh. 6 of the 18 tested varieties had 20% more yield than that of the control‘Jinshu 4’. Among them, the yield of‘soft grey broomcorn millet (Ansai)’reached 4262 kg/hm2 and ranked the first, which was 31.11% higher than that of the control variety‘Jinshu34’which was 3209 kg/hm2. In order to obtain the high yield of different varieties, the cultivation period should be extended, stem height and branching spike number should be regulated by density to improve the rates of broomcorn millet, and make groups and individual reach the best state in growth and development.

  Research Progress of Ramie Root Systems 2016, 6 (7):  19-23.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas15120016 Abstract + ( 1075 )   PDF ( 1497KB )   ( 711 ) Ramie and its products were specialty and important export product of China. In recent years, with the study in aboveground vegetation part of ramie in depth, research on the roots became more and more attention and concern, in order to provide theoretical reference for the further researches on ramie root systems, the research progress of ramie root systems was summarized in this paper, including the formation characteristics of ramie root systems, the influences of environmental conditions on growth and development of ramie root systems, the main reasons of root-rotten in ramie, the relationship between root systems and above-ground parts and the research status on pharmacological function of ramie root. Then, the authors discussed the researching situation and existing problems, and made an outlook on the researches in the future for the ramie root systems.

  Effects of licorice planting on physical , chemical and biological properties of saline soil 2016, 6 (7):  24-29.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas15120010 Abstract + ( 1054 )   PDF ( 1186KB )   ( 647 ) The study aimed to investigate the effect of planting licorice on physical and chemical properties and microbial community functional diversity in saline soil. In this study bare land(no planting Glycyrrhiza inflate ) were set as control, using conventional methods, an experiment was conducted to investigate the changes of planting licorice on soil physical-chemical properties. Soil microbial community functional diversity was studied using Biolog plates. Results showed that compared with control, the contents of total nitrogen, alkalystic nitrigen and organic matter of planting licorice were significantly increased by 38%, 48% and 33% respectively (P＜0.05), electrical conductivity of soil was significantly decreased by 262% (P＜0.05). The Average Well Color Development (AWCD) indicated the activity of the soil microbial community. The results indicated that AWCD of soil growing licorice was higher than that of bare land (CK). Compared to bare land (CK), AWCD of soil growing licorice was significantly increased by 28% after 72h culture. The utilization of soil microorganism to sugar carbon sources in the licorice plot was significantly increased by 28% (P＜0.05) and the soil microbial diversity higher than bare land (CK) (P＜0.05). Principal component analyses demonstrated that licorice changed the soil microbial community composition. Sugars and amino acids were the primary carbon sources to lead to the difference, followed by the hydroxyl acids and polymers category carbon sources. In a word, planting licorice was help to improve the activity and functional diversity of soil microbial community in saline soil. So licorice cultivation was a reasonable choice for ecological restoration in saline soil.

  Soil Organic Matter of Caragana microphylla Lam. Forest of Different Ages 2016, 6 (7):  30-33.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010013 Abstract + ( 1038 )   PDF ( 1127KB )   ( 737 ) The paper aims to study soil organic matter of different soil depths under different ages of Caragana microphylla Lam. forest, and provide a theoretical basis for further research on soil organic carbon and regional vegetation construction in transition zone between cropping area and nomadic area in north China. The authors combined the methods of field investigation and laboratory analysis, analyzed soil organic matter of different soil layers under different ages (5, 11, 17, 23 and 29 a) of Caragana microphylla Lam. forest in Aohan Banner, Chifeng sandy soil area. The results showed that soil organic matter of the same age forest under different site conditions first increased and then decreased with the increase of soil depth; soil organic matter under the same site condition of different forest ages followed the order of dune-lowland＞ shady-slope＞ sunny-slope; soil organic matter under the same site condition of different forest ages increased with the forest age.

  Change Characteristics of Phosphorus Accumulated Form in Different Types of Vegetable Soil 2016, 6 (7):  34-40.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16040009 Abstract + ( 815 )   PDF ( 1143KB )   ( 751 ) Long-term application of chemical fertilizer and livestock and poultry manure can lead to the accumulation of phosphorus in soils, and thus influence soil phosphorus bioavailability and mobility. The bioavailability and mobility of phosphorus in soils are related to chemical forms of phosphorus in the soils. To understand the evolution of chemical forms of phosphorus accumulated in vegetable soil, five kinds of soils with different properties and chemical components, including bole soil (allite soil), quaternary red clay (allite soil), pale fluviogenic loamy paddy soil (neutral soil), desalting muddy polder soil (neutral soil) and waxy brown limestone soil (calcareous soil), were collected for the experiment. Chemical fertilizers or organic manure were added to the soils to build a series of soils with different phosphorus accumulation. Chemical speciation and release potential of phosphorus of the soils were characterized by Hedley phosphorus fractionation. The results showed that accumulation of phosphorus in all soils had greatest effects on relative increase of the H2O-P and NaHCO3-IP, as compared with control soils without addition of phosphorus. In neutral and calcareous soil, phosphorus accumulation can significantly promote the formation of HCl-P, but the effect on NaOH-IP was smaller. In the allite soils, phosphorus accumulation is beneficial to the formation of NaOH-IP, but has little effect on the formation of HCl-P. For both application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer, P accumulated in the soil was mainly inorganic, application of phosphorus had little contribution to formation of organic phosphorus. With the continuous accumulation of soil phosphorus, phosphorus accumulation effect on H2O-P and NaHCO3-IP is more obvious.

  Analysis of Ecological conditions and Quality of tobacco in Daxian Flue-cured tobacco-growing areas 孙艳,郭仕平,杨兴有,李浩,靳冬梅,陈志华,曾宪鹏 and 李广永 2016, 6 (7):  41-45.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas15120020 Abstract + ( 844 )   PDF ( 1143KB )   ( 635 ) The climate factors, soil nutrient status and the quality characteristics of flue-cured tobacco leaves in Sichuan Province Dazhou were analyzed. results showed that,Dazhou flue-cured tobacco growing areas was humid subtropical monsoon climate, had the characteristics of mild climate, moderate rainfall, adequate light, heat is rich, air humidity. It showed that the ecological conditions of Dazhou flue-cured tobacco growing areas were suitable for the growth of tobacco. The soil in Sichuan Province Daxian was suitable, organic matter content in the most suitable medium, the CEC of soil was suitable, most of nutrition element content in soil were rich or appropriate, natural selenium in soil was rich, phosphorus and potassium were insufficient, zinc was lack, boron was extreme lack. The physical characteristics and chemical composition were suitable, the style characteristic of flue-cured tobacco was obvious, sensory quality was better.

  Fertilization index system for rapeseed in the area along the Yangtze River of Jiangsu province——based on Jiangdu strict of Yangzhou city 2016, 6 (7):  46-51.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16020006 Abstract + ( 708 )   PDF ( 1179KB )   ( 637 ) In order to solve the problem of the reasonable amount of N, P and K in winter rapeseed along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province,based on N, P and K fertilizers with different dose in 2012-2015 years of Jiangdu district in Yangzhou City, the study was conducted about the fertilization index system of winter rapeseed by using the fertilizer effect function model. The results showed that the rational N, P and K fertilizers could increase the growth of rapeseed, and increase obviously yield of rapeseed. Using Single-factor and linear plus platform model, the optical recommendation of N fertilizers were 277-308 kg/hm2, with average 292.5 kg/hm2, and the optical recommendation of P, K fertilizers were 70 kg/hm2, 98 kg/hm2, respectively. These were improvement for fertilization index system for rapeseed in the area along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu province.

  Nitrariaceae in Xinjiang: A Research Review 玉苏甫BbBb买买提 2016, 6 (7):  52-54.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030011 Abstract + ( 726 )   PDF ( 1100KB )   ( 656 ) The paper aims to provide theoretical and scientific basis for a comprehensive development of Nitrariaceae plants distributed in Xinjiang in windbreak and sand fixation, saline and alkaline land improvement, and ecological environment protection. The authors reviewed the classification, ecological benefit and comprehensive development and utilization of Nitrariaceae plants and elaborated the biological control measures of Nitraria species in Xinjiang, for achieving the ecological benefits in windbreak and sand fixation, saline and alkaline land improvement and oasis protection. Besides, the development and application of Nitrariaceae plants in medicinal and nutritional health products was also discussed. The results can provide references for the utilization of Nitrariaceae plants in Xinjiang.

  Research Advances on the Cultivation of Medicinal Plant Platycodon grandiflorus 韩金龙 and 王志芬 2016, 6 (7):  55-59.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030021 Abstract + ( 964 )   PDF ( 1050KB )   ( 880 ) The research advances of the distribution planting, the germplasm resources innovation, the cultivation, the key technology of the planting and the valve medicinal of the Platycodon grandiflorus were summarized. And the demand of the Platycodon grandiflorus was forecasted in the future. With the change of the way of life, the medicinal plants as the Platycodon grandiflorus which the medicinal plant is used to food and medicine will become a new hot spot. The demand of the marked would be big and the benefits of the social would be well. And the cooperation of the Chinese medicine and the modern medicine will guide the new development of the industrialization on traditional Chinese medicine.

  Optimum Thickness of Covering Soil over Plastic Films Technology of Potato Cultivation in Northwest China 杨来胜,王程,何培洪 and 2016, 6 (7):  60-63.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030005 Abstract + ( 987 )   PDF ( 1103KB )   ( 671 ) High- ridge and soil cover on the plastic films for potato planting is a new potato cultivation technique popularized in these years, it has the advantages of high mergence rate, high yield and less weeds. The thickness of soil over the films is one of the key factors for natural emergence of potato. Five thicknesses (0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 cm) were set up to study the optimum thickness of covering soil. The results showed that the optimum treatments were 3 cm and 5 cm, which had the emergence uniformity of 91.7% and 91.4%, the yield increase of 28.83% and 27.72% over that of CK, the commodity rate improvement of 47.77% and 49.64%, and a decrease of weeds under the films of 44.74% and 84.21% respectively. Meanwhile, the recovery of plastic films was more completely.

  High-yielding Cultivation Technical Regulation of Short Season Cotton in Hubei Province 2016, 6 (7):  64-66.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16030003 Abstract + ( 901 )   PDF ( 967KB )   ( 727 ) The regulation of wheat (rape) short season cotton continuous cropping cultivation is beneficial to optimizing cropping pattern and increasing crop and cotton yield for a bumper harvest. The authors summarized experiment and demonstration results, and verified the results in field. According to the requirements of normalized high- yielding cultivation technique, the technical regulation was elaborated in terms of yield quality index, growth index, variety, sowing date, planting density, simplified fertilization, chemical control, integrated pest management, decapitation ripening and so on. The results solved the problems of high labor intensity, high production cost and low planting benefit. The rules could regulate field management for farmers in Hubei Province, and could be an effective way to stabilize the cotton production and enhance the economic income of farmers.

  Effect of Inoculated Funneliformis mosseae on Root Rot Pathogen Flora Structure in Soybean Continuous Cropping 2016, 6 (7):  67-76.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas15120018 Abstract + ( 859 )   PDF ( 1808KB )   ( 719 ) In this study, the bioremediation method was applied to preventing the root rot in soybean continuous cropping in order to reduce the occurrence of root rot and enhance the quality of soybean. Three soybean varieties were selected and inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae in the trial. The root rot pathogen community structure of the root system and rhizosphere soil in soybean continuous cropping were measured by PCR-DGGE. The results showed that the abundance and diversity index of root rot pathogen of the soybean root system and rhizosphere soil samples in the treatment groups were significantly lower than that in the control groups after inoculated with F. mosseae, and F. mosseae had different effect on different soybean cultivars. The results of cluster analysis also verified that F. mosseae affected the occurrence and distribution of root rot pathogen in soybean continuous cropping.

  Effect of 60Co-γ Radiation on Salt Resistance of Glycyrrhiza glabra Seed 2016, 6 (7):  77-82.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010008 Abstract + ( 750 )   PDF ( 1289KB )   ( 736 ) The purpose of the study was to select the optimal irradiation dosage, which was very important to improve the salt resistance of Glycyrrhiza glabra seed, and provided guidance for the development of artificial cultivation of the licorice in saline-alkali desert soil. Radiation induced mutation technology was used to investigate the germination pattern of Glycyrrhiza glabra seeds under severe salt stress after 60Co-γirradiation with different doses. Comparing the seed germination rate, cumulative germination rate and germination index under high concentration of Na2SO4 stress environment were compared with control. The results showed that a negative correlation between salt concentration and the Glycyrrhiza glabra seeds germination rate which without irradiated, with the increased of salt concentration, the germination rate significantly decreased, initial germination time delayed, and extended the time to get maximum germination rate. The seed which is treated by 100 Gy and 300 Gy 60Co-γ irradiation the germination rate was significantly higher than the seed which is no irradiation, and the germination time was significantly shorter under Na2SO4 stress environment. The appropriate doses of 60Co-γirradiation treatment could effectively improve the seeds germination of Glycyrrhiza glabra under severe salt stress conditions. In conclusion, seeds should be treated under certain doses of 60Co-γaccording to the concentration of Na2SO4 in soils before sowing.

  Pollution Control Planning for Swine Production in Shanghang County 叶夏,,白丽月 and 2016, 6 (7):  83-89.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010007 Abstract + ( 742 )   PDF ( 2790KB )   ( 642 ) In order to accelerate the comprehensive management of non-point source pollution of swine production in Shanghang County, as well as provide the basis for the development of swine pollution prevention and control planning, based on a field investigation of Shanghang County, this study analyzes the development status and pollution situation of large-scale swine production industry in Shanghang County. The results indicate a number of problems including unreasonable breeding layout, incomplete system and mechanism, large number of total swine production and small environmental capacity, simple pollution treatment technology and low treatment level, weak environmental awareness, useless pollution treatment facilities and so on. This paper proposes a suggestion on effectively solving the pollution problem through the transformation and upgrading of large-scale piggery and includes the following specific measures: (1) Upgrade water-flush floor to slatted (half-slatted) floor; (2) Strengthen previous treatment facilities and improve the collection rate of solid waste; (3) Moderately construct supporting organic fertilizer plants and realize the standardized utilization of solid waste; (4) Strengthen the construction of facilities for the innocent treatment of sick and dead pigs and prevent the spread of epidemic diseases. These measures will significantly reduce the total discharge of pollutants, decrease the environmental risks, and improve the river environment.

  Scant Light on Strawberry in Greenhouse 2016, 6 (7):  90-95.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16020009 Abstract + ( 723 )   PDF ( 1255KB )   ( 644 ) Strawberry cultivar‘hongyan’was chosen to undergo a scant light experiment of artificial control light combining with natural weather conditions, and the photosynthesis parameters, chlorophyll content, fruit number, fruit sugar content and external form of strawberry were measured under different sunlight shortage treatments. The results showed that: the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and the transpiration rate of strawberry leaves were significantly lower than that under the natural sunlight, but the intercellular CO2 concentration changed oppositely. The behavior of chlorophyll content slightly increased initially then sharply decreased as the scant light time went on. The strawberry growth, fruit number and fruit quality would be significantly affected if the scant light continued for more than 7 days. The scant light disaster indicators of strawberry in greenhouse were identified on the basis of comprehensively analyzing the experimental results: the duration of 1-6 days’scant light could be regarded as mild disaster (grade Ⅰ), the duration of 7-10 days’ scant light could be regarded as moderate hazard (grade Ⅱ), and 10 days or more as severe disaster (grade Ⅲ). The results can provide sc

  Agricultural Project Management Mode of Farmers’Professional Cooperatives 2016, 6 (7):  96-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010012 Abstract + ( 645 )   PDF ( 1033KB )   ( 717 ) Supporting farmers’ professional cooperative to undertake agricultural project is to support the development of farmers’ professional cooperatives, is also the important way to support agriculture development and peasants increasing income. Through investigating deeply 20 agricultural project methods of farmers’ professional cooperatives efficiency, we Sum up four types of cooperative agricultural project management model and evaluate all of them. Combining with project management related theory and the particularities of agricultural project, we build a new scientific project management mode, which has a certain realistic guiding significance to improve the project management level of farmers' professional cooperatives and the effect of project construction.