Current issue

• 2018 Vol.8 No.5 Published:18 May 2018

  Breeding and Application of Maize Hybrid‘Sheng Yu688’ 2018, 8 (5):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17070018 Abstract + ( 1643 )   PDF ( 1152KB )   ( 849 ) To obtain new maize varieties with high yield, drought resistance, lodging resistance and disease resistance, Research Center of Modern Agriculture of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences combined traditional breeding methods and modern biotechnology to make full use of high-quality American germplasm resources, aiming to improve excellent inbred lines bred by the center. T0725 and T0750 inbred lines were obtained through hybridization and second cycle breeding, associated with molecular assisted resistance identification methods. Then test-cross, variety comparison test and production test in different ecological test sites were conducted to obtain the new maize variety‘Sheng Yu688’which had characters of wide adaptability, good agronomic characters and high yield, and the yield increased by 5% and above compared with that of CK, and had moderate resistance to blight, ear rot and rough dwarf disease. The variety was approved by Shanxi Variety Approval Committee in 2016.‘Sheng Yu688’has high yield, high quality, multi resistance and dense-resistance, with features as follows: the bulk density of 735 g/L, crude protein content of 10%, crude fat content of 3.72%, crude starch content of 72.56%, which indicated that it was a high starch variety; its seed rate is 87.1%, the average yield reaches 11841 kg/hm2. The seed production technology of the variety is simple and convenient, with high yield and reduced production cost.

  Residual Dynamics and Safety Assessment of Dimethoate and Omethoate in Outdoor Celery 2018, 8 (5):  6-9.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17110010 Abstract + ( 995 )   PDF ( 1224KB )   ( 1044 ) To ensure the safe application of dimethoate to celery, the residue dynamics of dimethoate and omethoate in celery are studied. 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate was sprayed at different dosages (600 and 900 g a.i/hm2) during different growth periods, including once in the middle growth stage, twice and three times in the harvest period, and celery samples were collected. Samples were extracted by acetonitrile and determined by UPLC-MS/MS. The results showed that 3 days after one time application of dimethoate in the harvest period, the residue of dimethoate was lower than MRL value, however, the residue of omethoate was over than MRL value. The preharvest interval of 21 days was suggested for omethoate, which could ensure that the residues of dimethoate and omethoate in celery were both lower than MRL value. During the middle growth stage with one time application, the residue of dimethoate and omethoate in celery was lower than MRL value. By twice application of dimethoate during the harvest period, the residue of dimethoate in celery was lower than MRL value at 7 days. By three times application of dimethoate during the harvest period, the residue of dimethoate in celery at low dose spraying was lower than MRL value at 7 days and the residue of dimethoate in celery at high dose spraying was over MRL value at 7 days. For both twice and three times application, the residue of omethoate was over MRL value at 7 days. Repeated spraying of dimethoate can cause excessive omethoate residue, therefore, the application of dimethoate during the harvest period should be prohibited.

  The analysis of Potential Evapotranspiration of Baiyangdian marsh in rencet 41a 2018, 8 (5):  10-14.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17120004 Abstract + ( 864 )   PDF ( 1325KB )   ( 616 ) Based on the daily Meteorological data of AnXin Meteorological Observation Station in Baiyangdian marsh within 1972-2012 years, using trend analysis, standard deviation, Mann-Kendall mutation test and Morlet wavelet analysis method, this article analyzes the potential evapotranspiration variation in Baiyangdian marsh. The analyzation reveals that, in the nearly 41 years, the potential evapotranspiration in Baiyangdian Marshs shows a downward trend, especially when it comes to the inter-annual, spring and autumn. The fluctuation analysis of each season evapotranspiration reveals that the maximum volatility happens in summer, while the minimum in winter. The marsh evapotranspiration sometimes takes mutations reduce processes, like annual potential evapotranspiration decrease in 1988, summer potential evapotranspiration decrease in 2001, fall potential evapotranspiration decrease in 1991. The annual potential evapotranspiration variation takes a 8-10 years cycle, the spring potential evapotranspiration variation a 5-7 years cycle, the summer and autumn a 8 years cycle, and the winter a 10 years cycle.

  Quality Safety Survey of Strawberry in Changping District in 2017 张宏雨,陈利平,, and 2018, 8 (5):  15-20.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090024 Abstract + ( 785 )   PDF ( 1237KB )   ( 608 ) To investigate the quality safety of strawberry in Changping district, 459 strawberry samples were selected randomly from January to May in 2017, covering 78 scale production bases and 303 farmer households in Changping. Several tests were conducted on 6 heavy metal elements including mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, copper and chrome, as well as 35 kinds of pesticide residues including organic chlorine, pyrethroid, carbamate, etc. Results showed that 11 pesticides were detected without excessive residue samples, and according to the actual usage of pesticide in strawberry production in Changping, isoprocarb, chlorothalonil and procymidone were classified as the medium risk pesticides; excessive cadmium was found in one sample, so cadmium was also classified as the medium risk element; test results of pesticide residue and heavy metal pollution in scale bases were better than that in farmer households. By analyzing testing data, the study indicates that Changping strawberry is still under certain risks which can be reduced by increasing test items, introducing test instruments, optimizing test methods and more monitoring with scientific management in strawberry production.

  Effects of Pruning Methods on Yield and Price of Thick-skinned Melon in Guanzhong Area 杨团应 and 武云霞 2018, 8 (5):  21-24.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17080024 Abstract + ( 676 )   PDF ( 1105KB )   ( 586 ) In this paper, the effects of pruning methods on thick-skinned melon output value are discussed, the pruning method suitable for thick-skinned melon is determined, to provide a basis for the development of efficient cultivation techniques. In early spring greenhouse having 4-layer plastic film covering at Guanzhong area of Shaanxi, three thick-skinned melon cultivars,‘Jiaoxue 6’,‘Xitian 4’‘Jiaoxue 8’were treated with three different pruning methods, to explore the effects of pruning methods on yield, price and output value. The results showed that, compared with the output value of double-vines pruning (150000, 155500, 160500 yuan/ hm2) and three- vines pruning (103500, 111000, 126000 yuan/hm2), the output value of all three melon cultivars reached the highest by single vine pruning (196000, 203000, 209000 yuan/hm2). The difference of output value among three cultivars reached significant difference level. Therefore, in early spring greenhouse having 4-layer plastic film covering at Guanzhong area of Shaanxi, the suitable pruning method for the three thick-skinned melon cultivars is single vine pruning.

  Safflowers in Yunnan: Research Progress 2018, 8 (5):  25-30.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17120012 Abstract + ( 873 )   PDF ( 1151KB )   ( 893 ) The current development situation of safflower in Yunnan Province is reviewed. The main distribution of safflower, the types of germplasm resources and the status quo of its collection, conservation and utilization were briefed. We summarized the description specification and data standard, the identification and evaluation of germplasm resources, the present situation of excellent safflower germplasm resources, the breeding and cultivation technologies, the comprehensive utilization, and the research achievements, etc. The analysis showed that safflower production in Yunnan still had the problems of low overall level, lack of indepth research and insufficient technical innovation. We propose that basic research, hybrid breeding and medicinal safflower research should be strengthened, to provide variety and technical support for promoting the sustainable development of safflower industry in Yunnan Province as well as the whole country.

  Different Thinning Quantities Affect Spring Shoot Growth and Mineral Elements Distribution of Oil-tea Camellia 2018, 8 (5):  31-34.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030046 Abstract + ( 682 )   PDF ( 1221KB )   ( 611 ) The paper aims to clarify the response of oil-tea Camellia to thinning treatment and provide a theoretical basis for pruning of oil-tea Camellia. The authors studied the effect of different thinning quantities on spring shoot growth and mineral elements distribution of oil-tea Camellia. The results showed that: the number of spring shoots were influenced significantly by different thinning treatments; the higher the thinning quantity, the less the spring shoots germinated; the length of spring shoots was increased and the ratio of spring shoots with different length was affected by different thinning treatments; high quantity thinning treatment increased the proportion of long spring shoots (>10 cm) and decreased the proportion of short spring shoots (<5 cm). In addition, the different thinning treatments changed the content and distribution of mineral elements in different tissues and increased the ratio of N, P, K content in spring shoot and branch to some extent. To sum up, 1/4 thinning quantity is the best treatment to promote the spring shoots germination, keep the balanced length of shoots and improve the content of mineral elements in shoots.

  Combined Container Greening: Application to Roof Greening of Old Buildings in Xianyang Urban Area 2018, 8 (5):  35-40.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010004 Abstract + ( 541 )   PDF ( 1238KB )   ( 704 ) The paper aims to explore the feasibility of the combined roof container greening on old buildings which were not designed to provide the load for gardening. Sedum lineare Thunb, Sedum sarmentosum Bunge, Viola philippica, Zephyranthes candida were planted in different planting containers formed from plastic pots and wooden pots of different sizes and shapes to compose the combined container roof greening, and the authors determined the increased roof load, temperature, noise reduction, water storage and drainage values, then evaluated the greening effect. The results showed that: the increased load of the combined roof container greening was lower than the temporary load, and its cooling and noise reduction effects were obvious, the ability to accumulate rainwater and delay runoff peaks was strong, and the greening effect were significant. On the roof of old buildings which were not designed to provide the load for gardening, the combined roof container greening could be used because its safety is guaranteed, meanwhile, building roof greening has good environmental benefits, such as cooling, reducing noise, relieving the urban drainage pressure and so on, and is worth being promoted in large areas.

  Fruit Body Development Controlling for Oyster and Phoenix Mushroom Cultivation Using Mulberry Branch Sawdust as Substrate 2018, 8 (5):  41-47.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17010023 Abstract + ( 611 )   PDF ( 1264KB )   ( 904 ) The paper aims at the edible fungi production problems of fruiting time concentration and nutrient remaining after harvesting. The authors took oyster and phoenix mushroom as experimental materials, and used natural storage and second intermittent fruiting to study the regulation and controlling of harvest times. The results showed that, the biological efficiency of normal fruiting for oyster mushroom cultivation ranged from 41.923% to 129.1% and there was a difference of more than three times; the biological efficiency of normal fruiting for phoenix mushroom cultivation ranged from 64.31% to 78.77%, and there was little difference. From the aspect of experimental result of fruiting time controlling, the biological efficiency of oyster mushroom variety‘831’was reduced from 50.312% for normal fruiting to 46.591% for delayed controlling fruiting, the biological efficiency directly reduced by 3.721 percentage points and 7.4%; the biological efficiency of phoenix mushroom variety‘195’was also reduced from 69.4% for normal fruiting to 28.99% for delayed controlling fruiting, the biological efficiency was reduced more than half. The intermittent secondary fruiting experiment with oyster mushroom variety of‘803’showed that the two treatments of‘thin box planting’and‘direct wholly- skinned’had the highest yield of mushroom fruit body, the biological efficiency was 12.42% and 16.08% respectively, and the biological efficiency for other fruiting methods was only about 1%. Therefore, oyster and phoenix mushroom is suitable edible fungi species for the fruit body fruiting time controlling, and have important values in mushroom production, but the intermittent secondary fruiting technique has little production significance due to the large amount of labor used and low yield.

  Influence of Different Fertilizers and Silage Additives on Alfalfa Silage 2018, 8 (5):  48-54.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17080007 Abstract + ( 763 )   PDF ( 1346KB )   ( 646 ) An experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of different fertilizer and silage additives on nutrition and fermentation quality of alfalfa silage. The experiment included two factors, one was different fertilizer treatments, including three fertilizer treatments based on organic and inorganic compound fertilizer [with earthworm powder (A), wood vinegar (B) and (C)], Bio char treatment (D), diammonium phosphate treatment (E) and without fertilizer as control (F); and the other was different silage additives treatments, including methanoic acid, wood vinegar, and the control replaced with the same amount of distilled water. The results showed as follows: (1) the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer with increased the crude protein and decreased the lignin content of alfalfa significantly (P<0.05), while organic and inorganic compound fertilizer with wood vinegar increased the crude fat and lactic acid and decreased the pH value significantly (P< 0.05), and the chemical fertilizers- diammonium phosphate significantly reduced the lignin content (P<0.05), and all the three treatments had positive effects on nutrition and silage quality of alfalfa silage; (2) alfalfa silage adding methanoic acid could significantly reduce the protein hydrolysis of alfalfa (P<0.05), effectively preserve the nutrition quality through inhibiting the fermentation process, while adding wood vinegar improved the fermentation quality of alfalfa silage through increasing the lactic acid content significantly (P<0.05); (3) there was no significant interaction among different fertilizer and silage additives on the comprehensive nutrition and fermentation index of alfalfa silage (P>0.05). It is concluded that the application of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer with Bacillus or wood vinegar liquid and chemical fertilizer-diammonium phosphate in alfalfa cultivation, and adding methanoic acid or wood vinegar liquid in alfalfa silage process, can improve the nutrition and fermentation quality of alfalfa silage.

  Comprehensive Renovation of Mu Us Sandyland: Present Situation Analysis and New Ideas 2018, 8 (5):  55-59.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17050026 Abstract + ( 658 )   PDF ( 1000KB )   ( 764 ) Rapid urbanization and infrastructure construction have resulted in a sharp decrease in arable land, endangering the national food security, and the development of supplementary farmland is an important way to ensure the red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land. Mu Us sandy land has wide area and great potential for development. It is an important reserve resource for cultivated land. Under this background, through literature and combined with years of technical experience in land consolidation, firstly summarizes the research progress in governance at home and abroad, has carried on the discussion and Analysis on the current situation of Mu Us sandy land comprehensive improvement and the problems, then to carry out the feasibility and urgency of Mu Us land consolidation are analyzed, and finally put forward a new idea of Mu Us sandy land comprehensive renovation. This study is expected to provide reference for the comprehensive improvement of Mu Us sandy land.

  Climate Change and Its Impacts on Tourism in Yantai 姜会飞 and 臧克民 2018, 8 (5):  60-66.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010009 Abstract + ( 951 )   PDF ( 1321KB )   ( 1147 ) To quantitatively study the influence of climate change on tourism industry, this paper analyzed climate change characteristics of Yantai in recent years by climatic propensity analysis. The climate comfort degree was evaluated by the climate comfort level, the correlation of climate comfort degree and tourist online attention was measured by the statistical methods. The results showed that the annual average precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed showed decreasing rends year by year, and the tendency rate was 5.77mm/(10a), 0.56%/(10 a) and 0.25 m/(s·10 a), respectively, the annual average temperature increased by a rate of 1.18℃/(10 a). As for the tourist seasons, May, June, September and October are the best tourist months in one year, April, July, August and November are suitable travel periods, however, January, February and December are not suitable for tourism. In terms of relevance, the climate comfort degree is significantly related to the tourists online attentions, with the correlation coefficient of 0.986 and the climate resilience coefficient of 0.128%. The research shows that the meteorological elements of Yantai are changing in recent years, and the climate comfort degree has a significant impact on tourism. With the climate comfort degree of Yantai changing by 1 units, the monthly degree of tourist online attention would increase or decrease by 0.128%.

  Livelihood Demands of Poverty Stricken Population: Investigation Based on Endogenous Development in Ningwu and Dai, Shanxi 2018, 8 (5):  67-72.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17040032 Abstract + ( 517 )   PDF ( 1193KB )   ( 587 ) The paper aims to eradicate poverty effectively in poverty stricken areas and meet the livelihood demands of the poverty stricken population. According to the sampling survey in Ningwu and Dai, which are located in northwestern Shanxi, the authors analyzed the livelihood characteristics and demands of the poverty stricken population. The results showed that: the livelihood of the poverty stricken population showed a certain vulnerability and uniqueness in Ningwu and Dai; the livelihood demands of the poverty stricken population were manifested in 7 aspects, including the resources and potentialities, employment and income enhancement, household participation in development, basic living standard, application of suitable technology, the level of infrastructure construction and the construction level of beautiful and livable villages. The performance of the livelihood demands of the poverty stricken population determined the corresponding countermeasures. According to the livelihood problem of the poverty stricken population, this paper constructs the research content which is the combination of endogenous development and the livelihood demands of the poverty stricken population.

  Evaluation of Agricultural Economic Development and Its Spatial-temporal Distribution in Contiguous Dire Poverty-stricken Areas of Lvliang District in Shanxi 张潇月 and 马丽 2018, 8 (5):  73-80.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17040024 Abstract + ( 496 )   PDF ( 1848KB )   ( 819 ) In this research, based on the survey data from thirteen national-level poverty-stricken counties of Lvliang City, for the agricultural economy poverty as the point of penetration, we use the principal component analysis to evaluate the status of agricultural economy development from 2007 to 2014. We also discussed the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of agricultural economy development. The results showed that: in Lvliang District, agricultural machineries and chemical fertilizer were overused. This induced environmental degradation in the soil. Then the poverty in this District was aggravated. The development of agricultural economy showed a trend of increment first and then decrement at the spatial scale in this District. The small values were in the northeast and southeast of this District. The great values were in the central of this District. The status of agricultural economy development was better in the middle parts of this district. These results are wished to be referred by studies on changes of future environment quality and on development of agricultural economy at poor areas in Shanxi Province.

  Land Use in Jiaocheng, Shanxi: Present Situation and Sustainable Utilization Countermeasures 2018, 8 (5):  81-84.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090012 Abstract + ( 600 )   PDF ( 1160KB )   ( 640 ) To make good use of land resources in Jiaocheng and promote the sustainable development more vigorously, the authors analyzed the main land use types and the problems existed in the process of land use from the county status and the present situation of land use. The results showed that Jiaocheng had poor farming conditions, limited reserved cultivated land resources, unreasonable layout and structure of construction land, water resource shortage and serious soil and water loss, and ecological system function attenuation was the main problem in the process of sustainable development. Important measures to land sustainable development in Jiaocheng are protecting arable land, moderate exploitation, adjusting agricultural structure, developing ecological agriculture, controlling population growth, cultivating new professional farmers, promoting land ecological construction, and realizing land recycling.

  SWOT Analysis of the Development of Selenium Rich Agriculture Industry in Guangxi Under the Background of Functional Agriculture 2018, 8 (5):  85-90.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090025 Abstract + ( 851 )   PDF ( 1233KB )   ( 684 ) The study aims to clarify the development of selenium-rich agriculture industry in Guangxi under the background of functional agriculture, and promote the development of selenium-rich agriculture industry. On the basis of literature research, field investigation, we used SWOT analysis method of economics to analyze advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of current selenium-rich and functional agriculture industry in Guangxi. The results showed that the development of selenium-rich and functional agriculture industry in Guangxi had its inimitable advantages of rich resources and unique geographical location. Meanwhile, there were some disadvantages including lack of talents, short industrial chain and lack of brands, etc. While having the support of the local government and a vast potential market, the development of seleniumrich agricultural industry still faced the challenges of similar structure of selenium products in other areas. Based on the SWOT matrix, the authors suggest that the development of selenium- rich and functional agriculture industry in Guangxi is a systematic work, which should be based on the SO strategy, while using the WO and ST strategy as the core strategy and also taking WT strategy into consideration. At the same time, good performance should be coordinated by the government, with personnel training, brand building, industry chain extension, etc.

  Development Competitiveness of Rural Financial Industry in Jiangsu: Based on Factor Cluster Analysis 2018, 8 (5):  91-94.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18040007 Abstract + ( 541 )   PDF ( 1123KB )   ( 519 ) To analyze the competitiveness of the rural financial industry in Jiangsu, the author conducted factor analysis and cluster analysis on its development in 30 counties. By establishing an evaluation index system, the empirical study was carried out after the original data were processed. The results indicated that the development level of rural financial industry competitiveness in Jiangsu was 0.316, which was at a relatively low level. Based on the cluster analysis which divided the 30 counties into 4 categories of regions, it can be observed that the development levels in various regions differed sharply, and the overall rural financial industry competitiveness throughout the province remained to be improved. At last, the author proposes some measures to improve the development level of rural financial industry competitiveness in Jiangsu, such as developing non- bank financial institutions, reforming the management system in rural credit association as well as strengthening the supervision and management of rural financial credit.

  Research on New Model of Family Farm Industry Development in Beijing 2018, 8 (5):  95-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010007 Abstract + ( 553 )   PDF ( 1189KB )   ( 795 ) Since the first mention of The family farm as scale management of new agricultural management main body, is one of the effective ways to solve the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Beijing family farm is still in the pilot stage, so industry selection and development plays an important role. By defining the connotation of the family farm in Beijing, it analyzes the advantages and main problems of industrial development, builds Beijing family farm industry development mode of . The former includes food crops, vegetables, flowers and fruit trees , that are respectively integrated with services. The latter also includes two types. In order to further promote the construction of the Beijing family farm industry development mode, it puts forward with the countermeasures and suggestions ,such as industrial layout, industry positioning, financial support, basic facilities construction, technical support and services, and so on.