Current issue

• 2018 Vol.8 No.8 Published:20 August 2018

  Difenoconazole·azoxystrobin: Control Efficiency on Anthracnose, Safety and Effect on Crop Quality 2018, 8 (8):  1-4.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17100007 Abstract + ( 1358 )   PDF ( 1071KB )   ( 1134 ) To select effective and safe insecticides to control anthracnose, the authors conducted field trials. The results indicated that after difenoconazole·azoxystrobin were applied for 7d and 14d, its control effect of on bitter gourd was the best. Comparatively, the control effects of difenoconazole·azoxystrobin on strawberry and cucumber were also ideal. The research indicated that difenoconazole·azoxystrobin had better and durable control effect on anthracnose, which was an ideal insecticide against anthracnose in strawberry, bitter gourd and cucumber, in the same time, difenoconazole·azoxystrobin could control diseases, increase production and improve quality in strawberry production. The suggested dosage is 450-600 mL/hm2 in production.

  The Yangtze River Subspecies of Young Microtus fortis: Feeding on Carex brevicuspis 2018, 8 (8):  5-8.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030036 Abstract + ( 881 )   PDF ( 1193KB )   ( 964 ) To know the effect of food on the population of Microtus fortis, the authors studied the feeding of young Microtus fortis on Carex brevicuspis, for providing a foundation for understanding the population growth of M. fortis, and references for the comprehensive management of M. fortis. C. brevicuspis was the main food of M. fortis in beach habitat of Dongting Lake, and was fed to the young M. fortis of 20-30 days of ages and different genders under the condition of artificial feeding. The results showed that: the weight of young female M. fortis decreased significantly (P<0.05), while that of the young male M. fortis increased slightly (P>0.05) after a week of feeding C. brevicuspis; meanwhile, the unit intake and unit excretion of young female M. fortis were higher than that of young male M. fortis, but the differences between them were not obvious (P>0.05). The study concludes that, the requirements for environment and food of young female M. fortis are higher than that of young male M. fortis at the stage of growth and development, single food can cause malnutrition in young female M. fortis.

  Cucumber Downy Mildew: Research Progress and Registered Fungicides 2018, 8 (8):  9-15.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17100019 Abstract + ( 1074 )   PDF ( 1181KB )   ( 1831 ) Downy mildew is an important disease threading cucumber production. In this paper, we reviewed the disease symptoms and pathogen characteristics, infection mechanism and occurrence regularity, host resistance and fungal resistant to chemicals, and its integrated management. Also, we analyzed fungicides registered against downy mildew of cucumber, especially their active ingredients and combination formula，which was of guiding role for development and registration of fungicides against the disease. Characteristics and application techniques of new fungicides registered recent 2 years were introduced. At last, existing problems in research and management of cucumber downy mildew were discusses, and potential future research direction was presented.

  Characteristics of Vegetation Coverage Change in Shaanxi: Based on MODIS-NDVI 2018, 8 (8):  16-21.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090021 Abstract + ( 746 )   PDF ( 1997KB )   ( 652 ) To realize the harmonious development of human and land, and provide a reference for formulation and implementation of ecological construction policy in Shaanxi, based on MODIS-NDVI image and altitude data, the author analyzed the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of NDVI in Shaanxi from 2011 to 2015 by using MVC and linear regression. The results showed that: (1) the distribution of NDVI in Shaanxi was characterized by“high south and low north”; the forest vegetation was thick in southern Shaanxi, as well as in the south area of northern Shaanxi; the vegetation coverage was poor in the north area of northern Shaanxi, which belonged to sandy area; the vegetation coverage was medium in Guanzhong region, which was mainly dominated by crops; (2) from 2011 to 2015, the NDVI value in Shaanxi fluctuated, the overall change tended to be stable and the trend was improving, mainly in Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi; the NDVI value in northern Shaanxi showed signs of degradation; (3) with the increase of altitude, the NDVI value presented a change of “decrease-increase-decrease”. NDVI value was the highest in the range of 2000-2500 m where the vegetation coverage was better, mainly distributed in Taibai mountain area of Qinling mountains.

  Photocatalytic Degradation Mechanism of Organic Pesticides: Research Progress 2018, 8 (8):  22-26.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17060007 Abstract + ( 983 )   PDF ( 1114KB )   ( 1041 ) The application of photocatalytic degradation of organic pesticides to reduce the pollution of agricultural environment is a new research subject in the field of environment at present. In this paper, the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation and the research progress of photocatalytic degradation of different kinds of pesticides (organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides, carbamate pesticides and other pesticides) were summarized. The results showed that: organic pesticides could be effectively degraded under the combination effect of semiconductor nanoparticles and photocatalytic system. In this study, the authors put forward the application prospect of photocatalytic degradation of organic pesticides, and gave some suggestions and prospects for the defects of photocatalytic technology, so as to provide reference for further research on photocatalytic degradation of organic pesticides.

  Multi-trace Elements: Effect on Growth and Development and Yield of Tomato 李世莹,,,,,, and 2018, 8 (8):  27-31.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010016 Abstract + ( 661 )   PDF ( 1258KB )   ( 994 ) To clarify the effect of multi- trace elements on increasing yield of tomato, we conducted an experiment in greenhouse with the material of‘Beijing Boshou Huiteng 5’, and studied the influence of different fertilizer proportions on growth development, yield and quality of tomato by using comparison analysis method. The results showed that: under the same levels of NPK fertilization, increasing more medium and trace elements could improve the sugar content of tomato by 6.82%-18.18%, the yield by 1.18%-6.15%, the income by 1.23%- 6.59% ; compared with the control group (T1), the application of the medium application (T3) increased the plant height, stem diameter and promoted the flowering, fruit setting of tomato as well as the yield by 5759.40 kg/hm2 and increased income by 11462.70 yuan/hm2. Taking production, fertilizer and multi-trace elements into consideration, using the potassium sulphate compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 750 kg/hm2 and medium and trace element synergistic package 4.5 kg/hm2 as base fertilizer, the potassium sulphate compound fertilizer (15-5-25) 1350 kg/hm2 and medium and trace element synergistic package 8.1 kg/hm2 as top dressing (6 times application of fertilizer and synergistic package) could improve the yield and quality of tomato, promote flowering and fruit set, early market, and the fertilization formula can be used as the best for tomato production.

  Hail in Weifang: Temporal and Spatial Distribution and Its Influence on Agriculture 2018, 8 (8):  32-37.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17070005 Abstract + ( 773 )   PDF ( 1746KB )   ( 837 ) The paper aims to reveal the occurrence rule and distribution characteristics of Hail in Weifang. According to the hail daily data of 9 meteorological stations from 1971 to 2010, the authors analyed the characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of hail in Weifang by using methods of linear tendency estimation, Mann-Kendall and EOF orthogonal empirical function etc. The results showed that: the hail climate tendency rate was -0.55 times/10 a in Weifang from 1971 to 2010, it showed a decreasing trend, a significant mutation occured in 2008; the hail generally appeared in the March to October, showing a single peak, most hail frequently from May to July, accounting for 77.74% of the total number of hail; the diurnal variation of hail was obvious, mainly in the afternoon type, the number of hail accounted for 52.26% from 14:00 to 18:00; the number of hail occurrence has obvious regional distribution characteristics, descending from southwest to northeast, hail-prone areas were concentrated in Linqu, Anqiu and Zhucheng, the plain area were relatively less; hail was affected by terrain, the number of hail occurrence had the characteristics of spatial coherence, and its distribution was reverse form the southwest to northeast, through the spatial feature vector analysis. According to the investigation, agricultural food, tobacco, fruit trees and agricultural facilities, etc,which were mainly affected by hail disaster in Weifang. Therefore, strengthening hail warning and forecasting and the implementation of artificial hail suppression are the effective means of defense hail disaster.

  Haze Days in Pukou: Influence Factors on the Mutation 2018, 8 (8):  38-43.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18040002 Abstract + ( 537 )   PDF ( 1416KB )   ( 541 ) The paper aims to find the abnormal change reasons of the haze days and to analyze the effects of the change of criteria, the use of automatic observation of visibility and human activities on haze days. The author analyzed the data of haze days from 1981 to 2017 by the methods of linear tendency, accumulative anomaly, M-K test, and slide t test. The results showed that: there were 5 obvious mutations of haze days in Pukou since 1981, which were 1988, 2000, 2007, 2011 and 2016; except 2016, all the other mutation points were related to the change of influence factors of haze day. Before 2007, the main factors affecting mutation were human activities and the change of observed environment; thereinto, the data of haze days had no use value due to the influence of human factors during 1988-1999; the change of haze criterion and the automatic visibility observation had the most obvious effect on haze days at the beginning of 2007; before 2016, the mutation points of haze days coincided with the change time of the influence factors, indicating that the effects of different factors on haze days in different time periods were more significant than that of meteorological conditions and air quality.

  Grafting Technology of Tilia 2018, 8 (8):  44-47.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010011 Abstract + ( 760 )   PDF ( 1215KB )   ( 794 ) The paper aims to improve the survival rate of grafting and scion utilization of Tilia. We took 1-year- old shoots of 7 different tree species of Tilia from different provenances (Tilia mandschurica, Tilia amurensis, Tilia europae, Tilia platyphylla, Tilia cordata, and Tilia tomentosa, Tilia mongolica) as materials, the two-year-old seedlings of Tilia amurensis as rootstocks, adopted splitting and sprouts method, and studied grafting techniques of Tilia. The results showed that: different tree species had different affinity with rootstocks, resulting in significant differences in the survival rate of the grafting, the survival rate of Tilia platyphylla, Tilia cordata, Tilia mongolica, Tilia amurensis, Tilia mandschurica, Tilia tomentosa and Tilia europaea was 63.30%, 75.75%, 81.25%, 62.10%, 62.11%, 62.50% and 65.80%, respectively. The survival rate of the two kinds of grafting methods was also different, the survival rate of sprouts was more than 50.00%, and the survival rate of splitting was different due to different scions.

  Rare Tree Species Interplanted in Low Yield Forest of Pinus massoniana: Benefit Analysis 2018, 8 (8):  48-51.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18050020 Abstract + ( 561 )   PDF ( 1252KB )   ( 509 ) The paper aims to improve the forestry appearance and comprehensive benefit of low yield forest of Pinus massoniana. The author tracked and monitored 2 models of Taxus chinensis and Phoebe interplanted in the low yield forest of Pinus massoniana, and carried out the benefit analysis through the adaptability and effectiveness of rare tree species, the influence on the growth of Pinus massoniana and on the soil fertility. The results showed that: the growth indexes of Taxus chinensis and Phoebe interplanted in the low yield forest of Pinus massoniana were relatively good, interplanting was a feasible method for the transformation of low yield forest of Pinus massoniana; and the mode could significantly promote the growth of Pinus massoniana, while the interplanting of Phoebe had better effect; both Taxus chinensis and Phoebe interplanted in low yield forest of Pinus massoniana could effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, while the interplanting of Phoebe had better effect.

  Impact of Branch Amount on Physiological Characteristics of‘Fuji’Grafted on ‘Y-1’Dwarfing Interstock 2018, 8 (8):  52-56.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17070020 Abstract + ( 586 )   PDF ( 1307KB )   ( 578 ) The paper aims to provide a theoretical basis for the optimal branch amount of‘Fuji’grafted on‘Y-1’ dwarfing interstock at high spindle system. In this study, ‘Fuji’ on ‘SH1’ dwarfing interstock were taken as materials, and the effects of branches 30, 35 and 40 on growth and fruit yields were studied. The results showed that, the tree height and stem diameter increased with the increase of branch amount, but there was no significant difference on tree height, stem diameter, crown diameter, shoot length and roughness under different treatments. The photosynthetic radiation of branch amount 35 and 40 was significantly higher than that of branch amount 30, and there were extremely significant difference on the leaf area index among the three treatments. The leaf area index of branch amount 35 was 3.78 and 3.43 under the crown and between the trees respectively, belonging to the optimum leaf area index range of apple cultivation. The fruit yields increased with the increase of branch amount, but the effect was not obvious in the full bearing period. The high quality fruit rate of branch amount 35 was significantly higher than that of the other two treatments, meanwhile, the single fruit weight, soluble solid content and fruit hardness were significantly higher than that of the other tw treatments, the fruit quality was excellent with the lowest acid content. Considering the factors such as the tree growth potential, light energy utilization, fruit yields and quality, practical management and so on, branch amount 35 is the appropriate amount for high- spindle- shaped tree of‘Fuji’grafted on‘Y- 1’dwarfing interstock.

  Breeding and Characteristics of a New Pepper Variety‘Fukang 8’ 2018, 8 (8):  57-60.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18040013 Abstract + ( 593 )   PDF ( 1426KB )   ( 1456 ) The aim is to breed new pepper variety with high yield and strong disease resistance, and provide sound varieties for pepper production in southern China and other regions. The innovated inbred line 362 was used as female parent, inbred line 577 was used as male parent, and the two cultivars were crossed to obtain hybrid F1. The combining ability was measured, and the comparative trails and regional tests were carried out. Compared with the control variety‘Maoqing 5’in the comparative trials, total yield of‘Fukang 8’increased by 11.0% in spring (31.91 t/hm2) and significantly by 17.8% in autumn (53.81 t/hm2). The cultivar was highly resistant to phytophthora blight and medium resistant to bacterial wilt under artificial inoculation. It showed resistance to cold and drought, and moderate tolerance to heat and waterlogging, and was approved by Guangdong Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2016. The new variety‘Fukang 8’has wide adaptability, mid- resistance to bacterial wilt, resistance to phytophthora blight and high yield, and is suitable to be cultivated in open field in southern China in spring and autumn.

  Germplasm Resource Evaluation Based on Fruit Quality Variation of Chinese Dwarf Cherry 2018, 8 (8):  61-68.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17120003 Abstract + ( 598 )   PDF ( 1392KB )   ( 438 ) The appearance characters, the contents of sugar and acid as well as vitamin C were determined and analyzed by using fruits of 30 germplasms of Chinese dwarf cherry. The results showed that the variations of fruit quality of different germplasms were large, the variation coefficient order was vitamin C content (46.81%)> sugar-acid ratio (37.67%)> titratable acid content (30.88%). Correlation analysis showed that seed weight was positively correlated with longitudinal diameter and fruit shape index. Sugar-acid ratio and solid acid ratio were positively correlated with each other, while the contents of total soluble sugar and total soluble solid were positively correlated with each other. The germplasms of Chinese dwarf cherry could be clustered into three types: the first was medicinal and processed type, which was characterized by larger fruit, higher single fruit weight and higher pit weight; the second was higher nutrient type, which was characterized by higher vitamin C content; the third was the sweet type, which was characterized by higher soluble solids content, higher total soluble sugar content, higher solid acid ratio and higher sugar- acid ratio. Three representative germplasms of Chinese dwarf cherry were selected from the three types, respectively, No.22 (Dajiao of Jiang County, Shanxi Province), No.12 (Zhangshanying of Yanqing County, Beijing) and No.6 (Zhangwu County of Fuxin City, Liaoning Province).

  Green Development Goal of Greenhouse Strawberry and Key Technology of “Double-reduction”and Synergism 2018, 8 (8):  69-74.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17080017 Abstract + ( 684 )   PDF ( 1192KB )   ( 865 ) In order to develop green food, reduce the use of chemical fertilizer and reduce the use of pesticide, realize "double-reduction" and synergism, that can improve safety and quality of products, protect the ecological environment and promote the healthy and steady development of strawberry industry. Build on the experience of research and practice in production, and coupled with production experience of Japan and other countries, the author summarized the green development goal of greenhouse strawberry and the key technology of "double-reduction" and synergism, then technology goals were established. Six key technologies were discussed in the paper, include the technique of healthy seedling cultivation, soil amendments for the remediation of soils with continuous cropping obstacle, ecological control technique in agriculture, trapping and killing pests utilizes technology of physics and chemistry, biological control, and chemical control of low remain.

  Plant Transformation Methods with Domestic Independent Intellectual Property Rights in China: Research Progress 2018, 8 (8):  75-83.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18030016 Abstract + ( 634 )   PDF ( 1361KB )   ( 584 ) The aims are to understand the current status and existing problems of domestic research on plant transgenic methods and explore their future development direction and prospects. The authors summarized all plant transformation methods with independent intellectual property rights in China, reviewed their research achievements in cotton, rice, papaya, corn and other crops, and analyzed the trend and benefit of the industrialization of transgenic products. The problems existed in this field were put forward, mainly including less quantity of technology patents, poor connotation and quality of some patents and slow pace of industrialization of domestic transgenic products. The authors think that improving the management and supervision of plant transgenic research system, building a crucial technical team, encouraging industryuniversity- research cooperation, setting up a platform of sharing the scientific research achievements, promoting extensive plant transgenic science popularization, and realizing the industrialization of genetically modified staple crops as soon as possible can provide theoretical and technical support to future plant transgenic research in China.

  Construction of Characteristic Agricultural Research System in Yunnan Plateau 2018, 8 (8):  84-88.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090022 Abstract + ( 603 )   PDF ( 1143KB )   ( 660 ) To promote the circular economy of characteristic agriculture, extend the industrial chain, accelerate the construction of agricultural characteristic industry and brand of agricultural products in county and township, then to obtain the industrial integration of agriculture, industry and service industry in Yunnan Plateau, this study pointed out that in the development of Yunnan characteristic agriculture, the agriculture business entity was weak, the innovation of characteristic agricultural science technology was vulnerable, and the local policy supporting industrial integration and development was insufficient. We propose to build a characteristic agricultural research system that stresses the business entity, the relative technical support, industrial policy and industrial development model.

  A Combination Mode of Ecological Poverty Alleviation and Economic Poverty Alleviation: Taking Industry Development of Cerasus humilis as an Example 2018, 8 (8):  89-93.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17050011 Abstract + ( 593 )   PDF ( 1372KB )   ( 733 ) Innovate precise poverty alleviation work has risen to national strategy under the new normal. It is important to explore the co-existence mode of the “Green water, Green hill” and “Golden hill, Silver hill”, particularly to the poverty alleviation in western China with fragile ecology. The new combination mode of “ecological poverty alleviation” and “economic poverty alleviation” was discussed by taking the industry development of psammophyte Cerasus humilis as an example. The biggest characteristic of C. humilis is strong resistance, and significant ecological function. On the other hand, economic benefit of C. humilis is remarkable attribute to its higher comprehensive utilization of fruit, kernel, leaf, root and flower. C. humilis industry relates to food, health care products, cosmetics, medicine, tourism and other fields. Deep excavation of comprehensive value and industry development of C. humilis, is not only the growing enlarged health needs of people, but also the needs of poverty alleviation and sand industry development. The paper suggests that the “economic poverty alleviation” guided by “ecological poverty alleviation”, is the essence of precise poverty alleviation.

  Ancient Village Tourism Planning Based on Heritage Activation Theory: A Case of Changyucheng Village in Beijing 2018, 8 (8):  94-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010013 Abstract + ( 654 )   PDF ( 1449KB )   ( 917 ) At present, the development of ancient villages in China is facing a contradiction, lacking of protection while being over- exploited. How to achieve coordination in tourism development and planning protection of ancient villages has become a hot topic of current research. The paper proposes the idea of tourism planning of ancient villages under the guidance of heritage activation theory. Guided by the theory, this paper takes Changyucheng village in Changping District of Beijing as the research object, analyzes its tourism resources, determines the theme and layout,and designs the tourism projects. Based on the work done above, by creating diversified tourism products, the Changyucheng tourism development layout of "one tourist route, two important nodes, three functional areas, and four themes sightseeing gardens" is reasonably determined. Introducing the theory of heritage activation in tourism planning of ancient village is an inevitable trend that can achieve the balance, coordination and sustainable development of ancient village heritage protection and tourism development.