Current issue

• 2018 Vol.8 No.7 Published:20 July 2018

  Temperature in Haidong, Qinghai: Variation Trends and Evolution Characteristics During 1961-2015 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030014 Abstract + ( 504 )   PDF ( 1262KB )   ( 542 ) The paper aims to study the characteristics and rules of temperature change in Haidong, Qinghai in 1961-2015. The authors studied monthly temperature data during the 55 years from 5 weather stations in Haidong by using linear trend, Mann Kendall mutation test and accumulative anomaly analysis and so on. The results showed that: the annual average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature had an evident warming trend, their annual growth rates were 0.33℃/10 a, 0.33℃/10 a and 0.43℃/10 a, respectively; from the point of decadal variability, the warming trend of average temperature and minimum temperature (maximum temperature) after 1990 (1980s to 1990s) was obvious; the average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature of the four seasons had an evident warming trend with asymmetrical change characteristics, however, the minimum temperature had the most apparent warming trend, and warming in winter had the largest contribution to the increase of annual average temperature, the strength of warming of the average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature in time and space showed inconsistency; the annual average temperature had mutations from 1996 to 1997, while the maximum temperature had a mutation in 1993.

  Regulation Mechanism of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility and Fertility Restoration Gene in Plants:Research Progress 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17060005 Abstract + ( 594 )   PDF ( 1091KB )   ( 715 ) The aim is to study how cytoplasmic male sterility can cause male sterility of plant by affecting the related genes, and how fertility restoring genes in nucleus act on the sterility genes and restoring the fertility. We reviewed the action mechanism and action model of cytoplasmic male sterility, the regulatory mechanism of fertility restoration and the role that restoring genes played in transcriptional and translational level. We pointed out that the research of CMS was not clear due to the influence of various factors, and the action of CMS/Rf model was uncertain on the retrograde regulation of signal in the mitochondria, for some crops, the research of CMS/Rf was in a circle. Therefore, we proposed suggestions on mechanism research and more sterile lines construction.

  Yield Components of Different Rice Types of‘Tianyouhuazhan’ 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17070025 Abstract + ( 627 )   PDF ( 1118KB )   ( 478 ) This study aims to explore the characteristics of yield components of hybrid rice‘Tianyouhuazhan’ cultivated as early, middle, and late season rice in south China. According to the results of regional trials of ‘Tianyouhuazhan’in early, middle, and late season, correlation analysis between yield and yield components, and among yield components was conducted, and path analysis between the yield and yield components was also carried out. Results showed that: (1) the contribution of per spike grains, spike numbers per hectare, seed setting rate and thousand seed weight to the yield was 55.7%, 22.7%, and 11.3%, and 4.1%, respectively, in early season; (2) the contribution of per spike grains, spike numbers per hectare, seed setting rate and thousand seed weight to the yield was 43.4% , 45.0% , 6.7% and 1.2% , respectively, in middle season; (3) the contribution of per spike grains, spike numbers per hectare, seed setting rate and thousand seed weight to the yield was 44.1%, 16.8%, 29.4% and 3.7%, respectively, in late season. In conclusion, the high yield of this variety could be obtained by breeding big spike in early season, by breeding big spike and abundant spike number in middle season, and by breeding big spike and increasing seed- setting rate in late season, respectively.

  Germplasm Resources and Cultivar Breeding of Codonopsis pilosula: Research Progress 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17080014 Abstract + ( 681 )   PDF ( 1045KB )   ( 609 ) The research progress of Codonopsis pilosula was reviewed, including germplasm resources distribution, germplasm resources genetic diversity and breeding. Although C. pilosula had rich diversity in germplasm resources, but the exploitation and utilization of the germplasm resources was comparatively weak or not systematic. At present, the breeding methods of C. pilosula were mostly a mix of bulk selection and systematic breeding, and the improvement of varieties was limited. It was proposed to investigate the germplasm resources of C. pilosula thoroughly, meanwhile, increase the utilization of elite germplasm to carry out breeding research such as crossing breeding and molecular assisted selection, in order to improve the yield and quality of cultivated C. pilosula and promote the standardization and normalization of the development of Codonopsis industry.

  Residue Coefficient of Agricultural Mulch Film and Its Influencing Factors in Linyi 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17080016 Abstract + ( 600 )   PDF ( 1082KB )   ( 549 ) Mulch film, as an important means of increasing agricultural production, has brought remarkable economic benefits, but more and more attention has been paid to plastic film pollution, The authors used field surveys and spot sampling, conducted a field survey of the main crop and the typical agricultural mulching film, on different types of soil covered 3 main crops, set up monitoring sites the sampling analysis, find out the main factors affecting the initial and variation of residual plastic film. Findings from this study, all monitoring plots in farmland soil mulch residues were lower than that in 1990s the Ministry of agriculture in 17 provinces (city) the average residue level of 60 kg/hm2 survey, did not exceed GB/T 25413-2010 "farmland mulch residue limit in film pollution value and test room" of a standard; the same cropping system when the season in different years of plastic film residue coefficient difference is not obvious, and the annual mulch residues increased; cropping system, soil type, age, film and plastic film recycling habits have great influence on the quality of plastic film residue.

  Rural E-commerce Mode in Jilin Province: Based on Cloud Computing 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090002 Abstract + ( 435 )   PDF ( 1230KB )   ( 511 ) Rural E-commerce is not only the problems that Chinese new type farmers have to face in the information society at present stage, but also the important and indispensable means to improve the existing situation of rural residents and speed up the circulation of commodities. E-commerce brings the rural commodity market circulation to a new high in the background of cloud computing. We should build suitable different regional rural e-commerce online modes to adapt to the rhythm of the development of information society. And according to different rural markets, proposing solutions which is consistent with new modes of logistics, information, capital and other aspects is necessary.

  Classification Difficulties of Willows: Based on the Research Status of Chinese Willow 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090008 Abstract + ( 449 )   PDF ( 1030KB )   ( 518 ) On a world scale, classification of willows is a recognized problem. Up to now, there is still no authoritative verdict, and different countries and regions accept different classification system. We summarize researches of last 50 years in China, based on natural distribution, cross breeding condition and geography dispersed introduction and domestication of salix, to discus and find reasons of the uncertain classification.

  Production Performance of 10 Alfalfa Varieties in Ili Valley 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090009 Abstract + ( 443 )   PDF ( 1209KB )   ( 452 ) Aiming at the production performance of alfalfa in Ili Valley, ten alfalfa varieties were selected as materials, the phenological period, plant height, grass yield, leaf-stem ratio and dry-fresh ratio were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the ten alfalfa varieties were able to complete their life history in the test area, the growth rhythm change was consistent, the high-yield period appeared in the second year; the plant height and grass yield decreased gradually with the increase of cutting times. In the second year, after three cutting times, the dry yields of‘Bingchi’,‘Cavaliers’,‘Warrior’,‘Sanditi’,‘Barricade’were all above 11500 kg/hm2, and they had the characteristics of high plant, high yield and high dry- fresh ratio, the comprehensive performance was better, and they were suitable for popularizing. The indexes of‘Ladino’, ‘5010’,‘FY310’and‘Rugged’were medium, which could be used as supplementary candidates for promotion;‘Aohan’showed worse performance in the test area, which was not suitable for promotion in Ili Valley.

  Breeding and Cultivation of Rapeseed Varieties with Early Maturity and High Oil Content:‘Yuhongyou 3’and‘Yuhongyou 4’ 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17090014 Abstract + ( 506 )   PDF ( 1151KB )   ( 546 ) To breed rapeseed varieties with early maturity and yield stability for the mountain area in Yunnan Province, and to promote the sustainable development of agricultural production, the domestic excellent varieties were introduced and crossed with the local elite varieties with good quality, high yielding and high level resistance. Two new rapeseed varieties of‘Yuhongyou 3’and‘Yuhongyou 4’with early maturity, high oil content and yield stability were developed and released at provincial level in Yunnan using multiple generation selection and quality analysis. In this study, the breeding process of the new rapeseed varieties of ‘Yuhongyou 3’and‘Yuhongyou 4’was elaborated. Furthermore, the suitable cultivation techniques of these two varieties were provided. The breeding process and cultivation techniques are important for the rapeseed breeding in Yunnan, and the application of these two new rapeseed varieties plays a significant role in promoting the development of rapeseed industry in Yunnan Province.

  Effect of Different Carbon Sources on Mycelia Growth of 3 Kinds of Morchella esculenta 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17120006 Abstract + ( 575 )   PDF ( 1172KB )   ( 526 ) To obtain the wild resources of Morchella esculenta, and discuss the optimal carbon sources, we selected QYY, XF and JJZ Morchella esculenta as the tested materials, and mycelium growth, density, uniformity, mycelium growth rate and mycelium growth index as the indexes, to study the effect of seven kinds of carbon sources on the mycelia growth of three kinds of Morchella esculenta. The results showed that the mycelium of the 3 kinds of Morchella esculenta could utilize the 7 kinds of carbon sources, indicating that the utilization spectrum of Morchella esculenta for carbon sources was wide. The utilization of carbon source of Morchella esculenta from different places was different. The optimal carbon sources of QYY, XF and JJZ Morchella esculenta were soluble starch, mannitol and glucose. The mycelium growth rate was 7.28, 8.22, 3.94 mm/d, respectively, and the mycelium growth index was 36.39, 41.11 and 15.78, respectively.

  Rainfed and Irrigation: Effects on Yield Formation and Quality of Black Kernel Wheat 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010018 Abstract + ( 593 )   PDF ( 1187KB )   ( 714 ) To clarify the response mechanism of black kernel wheat to water stress, the field experiment method is used in this study. The black kernel wheat‘Shannong Purple Wheat 1’is taken as the material, two treatments (rainfed treatment and irrigation treatment) are set up. The accumulation and translocation of dry matter, grain filling characteristics and quality are studied. The results showed that under rain-fed condition, the peak value of grain filling formation rate appeared earlier, grain filling duration was shortened, and the average grain filling rate decreased obviously. Meanwhile, rainfed treatment increased the proportion of dry matter in grains at the mature stage, decreased the accumulation ability of dry matter after flowering and the total amount of dry matter, and reduced the ratio of dry matter in grains after flowering. Rainfed treatment mainly decreased the grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight of black kernel wheat, and obviously reduced the yield, while rainfed treatment did not affect the spike number per area significantly. Compared with irrigation treatment, protein content of grain, wet gluten content, gluten index, sedimentation value, dough formation time and stability time under rainfed treatment increased by 13.68%, 18.83%, 14.02%, 34.10%, 68.57% and 120.29% , respectively, the differences were significant. There was no obvious difference of soakage between the two treatments. Drought stress could decrease the yield by reducing the grain number per spike and 1000-seed weight of black kernel wheat, but it could improve the grain quality of black kernel wheat.

  Design and Operation of Agricultural Materials’Supervision and Service Platform in Panyu District, Guangdong 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010024 Abstract + ( 429 )   PDF ( 1312KB )   ( 454 ) The agricultural material market of Panyu has the problems of counterfeit and shoddy products and low regulatory level. Using the participants of agricultural materials’ circulation as the study object, technology and equipment of POS terminals and GPRS wireless communication were adopted to design the regulation and service platform of agricultural materials, realizing the IT application in agricultural material management, thus to enhance the safety level of agricultural materials’ consumption, improve the government supervision efficiency, regularize the agricultural materials’market and promote the agricultural industrialization.

  Analysis on Researches of Bee Pollination on Facilities Crops Based on Bibliometrics in China 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18010029 Abstract + ( 439 )   PDF ( 1201KB )   ( 491 ) To understand the research status and dynamic change of bee pollination on facilities crops in China, the data reference were provided for researchers and deciders. By the principles and methods of bibliometrics, the years, authors, institutions, journals, research content and foundations of the special documents on the researches of bee pollination on facilities crops in China from 1988 to 2017 were counted and analyzed with China periodical full-text database’of CNKI as data source. 220 papers on 77journals by 167 authors were searched. The dynamic changes and basic states on the researches of this field during 29 years were revealed. The number of papers of bee pollination on facilities crops in China was less from 1988 to 2004 in slowly development, later occurred a wave of growth trend, peaked in 2015 and 26 references. The level of published for article was not high. Research institutions were widespreading, the institutions which can high yield were less. The core authors did not form. Research content was plentiful. The researches for Gamasoidea should be enhanced in China. It is suggested that there is still much research in this area of space, and the further study were need to do.

  Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Young Leaf Segments of Sorghum bicolor 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18020007 Abstract + ( 352 )   PDF ( 1750KB )   ( 481 ) To establish a sorghum tissue culture system with young leaf segments as explants, eight sorghum restorer lines commonly used in breeding are selected, and young leaf segments are used as explants for callus induction and plant regeneration. The effect of 2,4-D concentration on primary callus induction is studied. The callus induction and differentiation frequency are recorded, and the callus morphology is also observed. The results showed that 2,4-D was the key factor inducing callus of young leaves. No callus could be produced in medium without 2,4-D. The suitable 2,4-D concentration was 2 mg/L. Genotype had a significant effect on callus quality and morphology, and the callus induction and differentiation rate of these eight genotypes were very different. Three genotypes,‘Sanchisan’,‘R111’and‘8643 bian’, were selected after screening for their performance of higher callus induction rate, excellent morphology and higher differentiation rate.

  County Competitiveness Study Under Targeted Poverty Alleviation: A Case of Dabie Mountain Area 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18040003 Abstract + ( 414 )   PDF ( 1444KB )   ( 510 ) The county competitiveness level in Dabie Mountain area was comprehensively measured, and the weaknesses in the county competitiveness were clarified, aiming to provide references for finding the poverty alleviation focuses. The regional growth, industrial structure and competitiveness of Dabie Mountain area were analyzed by shift-share analysis, the county competitiveness index system was established, and the county competitiveness was evaluated and sorted. The results showed that the county competitiveness was the most important factor restricting the regional economic development. The Dabie Mountain area had weak competitiveness in 5 principal components of finance and monetary, economic aggregate, rural life, industrial structure benefit and lives of urban residents. Based on the specific situation of each county’s weak competitiveness, we propose suggestions on targeted poverty alleviation like improving the lives of residents and narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, adjusting the industrial structure, coordinating the development of various types of education, formulating fiscal policies and expanding financing channels, establishing inter-provincial coordination mechanisms and enhancing innovation.

  Landscape Ecological Assessment of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park in Daixian Based on GIS 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18040006 Abstract + ( 431 )   PDF ( 2700KB )   ( 681 ) The purpose is to apply GIS technology to construct a forest park landscape ecology assessment system, and guide the planning and development of forest parks. Through the analysis of the landscape influence factors of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park, the native landscape, visual sensitivity, landscape suitability degree, and health degree were selected as evaluation indicators to construct a forest ecological assessment index system. By using factor superposition method and AHP, combined with GIS technology, we analyzed the weight of each evaluation index, established a forest park landscape ecology evaluation system, and conducted an ecological evaluation of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park. The results showed that the index weight was 0.3971 for the suitability degree, 0.2726 for the visual sensitivity, 0.1232 for the original degree, and 0.2071 for the health degree. The highest value of landscape ecological assessment data of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park was 3.0655, the lowest value was 1.2071, and the overall landscape ecological condition was good. Based on the results of the landscape ecological assessment of Zhaogaoguan Forest Park, the corresponding protected areas are divided according to the actual condition of the park, and the human activities in each area are controlled to varying degrees, and countermeasures are proposed for the development of the park. Based on the evaluation and zoning, we put forward an optimized strategy for park planning, aiming at the transformation of the planning from a traditional extensive model to a scientific and ecological model.

  Agricultural Science and Technology Award Declaration: Discuss on the Key Links 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18040017 Abstract + ( 361 )   PDF ( 994KB )   ( 564 ) To boost the outstanding agricultural science and technology achievements, give full play to the incentive and guiding function of science and technology awards, the authors discussed the key common issues on improving the award rate of agricultural science and technology achievements from three aspects: the choice of award type, the quality of recommendation material, and the performance of project defense, combined with the management experience of the agricultural science and technology award for years. Then, the authors put forward 6 key links for preparing the award declaration, analyzed the writing skills of the declaration materials, and discussed how to make a good reply in the project defense. This paper could provide a reference for the agricultural science and technology award declaration.

  Study on Farmers’Income in Gansu Province 2018, 8 (7):  .  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18050001 Abstract + ( 476 )   PDF ( 1211KB )   ( 546 ) The 19th CPC National Congress put forward the idea of‘New Era’, in which the goal of the party and the nation is to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Agriculture is the basis of the national economy, vigorously developing agricultural and rural economy and striving to improve farmers'' income level are the concrete manifestations of winning the poverty alleviation battle and building a well-off society in an all-round way. Western China, as the underdeveloped region, is the focus of China’s poverty alleviation. Taking in to consideration the basic situation and characteristics of farmers’income in Gansu, we used the comparative analysis to analyze the restricting factors of farmers’ income, put forward countermeasures like comprehensive management of the ecological environment, eradicating the dual system of urban and rural areas, and optimizing the agricultural industrial structure.