Current issue

• 2021 Vol.11 No.3 Published:20 March 2021

  Resistance to Registered Herbicides: Gramineae Weeds in Wheat Field in the Coastal Areas of Jiangsu Bian Kangya, Wang Fengliang, Shen Tianhui, Zhu Zhanfei, Wei Yunhe, Gu Huan, Cui Jiahua, Che Jinying, Zhang Yu, Zhang Haibo, Chen Hua, Zhu Jiaping 2021, 11 (3):  1-6.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190900181 Abstract + ( 331 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF ( 1352KB )   ( 385 ) The objective is to regulate the scientific use of herbicides in wheat fields, and to investigate the control effect of common stem and leaf herbicides on the weeds in wheat fields in the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province. The registered herbicides used for stem and leaf removal in the weeds in wheat fields were sorted out, and the control effects of 11 herbicides on weeds in wheat fields were investigated through field efficacy trial. The results showed that within the dosage of registration, the control effect with clodinafop-propargyl alone was only 17.98%, isoproturon increased 25% dosage of registration had control effect of 63.17%, clodinafop-propargyl compounded with isoproturon provided control effect from 55.58% to 89.99% under different doses, pyroxsulam compounded with Clodinafop-propargyl provided control effect of 56.68%, mesosulfuron compounded with isoproturon provided control effect of 63.7%. Within the registered dosage, azoline oxalate had only control effect of 47.38%, but the control effect of fresh weight was 80.46%. As a new herbicide, the control effect of cyclopyrazorone on grass weeds was 99.05%. The conclusion is that herbicides should be compounded to improve the control effect and delay the resistance effect, new herbicides with high efficiency and low resistance such as cyclohexanone should be promoted, meanwhile the registration information of old herbicides should be updated for the better use of pesticide.

  Host Suitable for Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Population Growth and Reproduction: Selection in Fujian Tobacco Area Gu Gang, Lai Rongquan, Zhou Ting, Bai Jingjing, Wu Xiaoting 2021, 11 (3):  7-11.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500035 Abstract + ( 356 )   HTML ( 14 )   PDF ( 1375KB )   ( 258 ) The aims are to select the host suitable for Myzus persicae growth and reproduction in Fujian tobacco area, enlarge the reproduction of Myzus persicae and Aphidius gifuensis, and improve the control effect. The eggplant, oilseed rape, white radish, Chinese cabbage, cowpea, ‘Honghuadajinyuan’ and ‘K326’ were used as materials. The parasitism rates of Myzus persicae and Aphidius gifuensis were detected by pot-culture method. The results showed that the number of M. persicae population in Chinese cabbage and oilseed rape was relatively high, the number in Chinese cabbage was respectively 129.07 (2012) and 109.14 (2017) individuals per plant, and the number in oilseed rape was respectively 110.79 (2012), 99.82 (2017) individuals per plant. The number of M. persicae in cowpea was relatively low, which was 0.27 (2012) and 1.23 (2017) individuals per plant, respectively. The number of M. persicae in Chinese cabbage and oilseed rape had no obvious difference. There were differences after infecting A. gifuensis 7 days and 15 days, but the parasitism rate reached more than 98% after infecting A. gifuensis 30 days and the difference was not obvious. Thus, Chinese cabbage and oilseed rape are the suitable hosts for Myzus persicae growth and reproduction in Fujian tobacco area.

  Winter Wheat in Henan: Drought Index Characteristics and Risk Assessment Yan Yuqian, He Zhaoxiangrui, Zhu Keyun 2021, 11 (3):  12-19.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190400017 Abstract + ( 428 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF ( 1840KB )   ( 353 ) To study the effect of drought on winter wheat yield, evaluate the damage caused by drought, based on data of climate and winter wheat yield of Henan Province, as well as the irrigation data of Shangqiu, we analyzed the meteorological conditions of winter wheat during each development period, and discussed the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of winter wheat drought by Z index, and carried out the drought risk zoning of winter wheat in Henan. The results showed that: (1) the precipitation conditions of winter wheat in abundant and poor years in Henan varied greatly from east to west, the precipitation >263 mm (284 mm) during the whole growth period in the east (west) was conducive to the growth and yield of winter wheat; (2) in terms of time distribution, Z index showed a downward trend in Henan during 1965-2014, tending to drought; in terms of space, it showed a decreasing trend from northwest to southeast; (3) the drought risk in Henan was decreasing gradually from west to east.

  Application and Research Progress of GIS Technology in Agricultural Planting Qin Weinan, Yan Xizhong, Liu Yu, Hao Chi 2021, 11 (3):  20-24.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200200017 Abstract + ( 728 )   HTML ( 27 )   PDF ( 1088KB )   ( 480 ) To discuss the specific application of geographic information system (GIS) in the process of promoting agricultural modernization, this paper briefly summarized the studies and applications of GIS in agriculture, such as crop agricultural climate zoning, evaluation of agricultural soil and crop adaptability, meteorological disaster warning assessment, as well as crop pest risk assessment. Studies suggest that in the process of agricultural IT application and agricultural brand construction, it is particularly important to establish a comprehensive evaluation system for single-crop varieties based on the GIS and databases of soil, meteorology, ecology, pests and diseases. For the famous, special and excellent products with quality as the core characteristic, the use of GIS for suitable zoning can avoid product quality decline caused by blind promotion of planting and thus promote agricultural brand construction.

  Auricularia of Different Varieties and Habitats: A Comparative Study on the Polysaccharides Content Li Zhen, Chen Jiemei, Liu Xianzhao, Tan Lirong, Sun Hongmei 2021, 11 (3):  25-29.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0155 Abstract + ( 462 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF ( 1341KB )   ( 615 ) The paper aims to establish a method for the determination of polysaccharides in Auricularia and compare the polysaccharide content of Auricularia in different varieties and regions. Anthrone-sulfuric acid method was used to determine the content of polysaccharides in Auricularia auricula and Auricularia polytricha from different habitats, and the methodological investigation was conducted. The results showed that: the concentration of dextran had a good linear relationship with its absorbance in the range of 3.27-23.61 μg/mL (R2=0.9993), with an average recovery rate of 101.2% and RSD of 3.5% (n=9). The polysaccharides content of A. auricula from Jiangshan, Benxi and Zhangzhou was 4.1%, 3.0% and 3.5%, respectively; the polysaccharides content of A. polytricha from Jiangshan and Xuzhou was 4.1% and 3.6%, respectively. The method is suitable for the determination of polysaccharides in Auricularia. There was certain difference in the polysaccharides content of A. auricula from different habitats, but not for the A. polytricha. The overall difference in the polysaccharides content between the two varieties was not obvious.

  Application Status of Ground Cover Plants of Five Parks in Wuhu Xiao Weiming, Li Jia, Jin Yingying 2021, 11 (3):  30-35.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000220 Abstract + ( 517 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF ( 2658KB )   ( 300 ) For further clarifying the landscape application of ground cover plants in urban parks, site investigation method was used to record and analyze the application status of ground cover plants in Zheshan Park, Jinghu Park, Jiuliantang Park, Binjiang Park (Phase 1) and Sculpture Park of Wuhu, Anhui Province. The results show that, there are 94 species of ground cover plants, including 41 species of herbaceous plants and 53 species of woody plants, in the five parks. Of the 94 species, seven species of herbaceous plants such as Liriope spicata, and 32 species of woody ground cover plants such as Aucuba japonica are widely used. The application of ground cover plants in waterfront areas of parks should have their own characteristics, and some ground cover plants such as Jasminum nudiflorum and Pyracantha fortuneana could be used more as links. Some suggestions are put forward on the application of ground cover plants of parks in Wuhu.

  A Fungus from Rice: Species Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis Li Yunfei, Hua Chenyi, Zong Kai, Sun Juanjuan, Sheng Xuan, Yu Xiaofeng, Wang Manman, Chen Yu, Yao Jian 2021, 11 (3):  36-40.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500034 Abstract + ( 482 )   HTML ( 15 )   PDF ( 1404KB )   ( 379 ) Fungal disease is one of the important obstacles for high and stable yield of rice. In order to study the occurrence of fungi in rice seeds, the phylogenetic analysis and functional evaluation of a fungus isolated from rice seeds were carried out. On the basis of morphological identification, the target fungal sequence was amplified by PCR with ITS1/ITS4, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by neighbor-joining (NJ) and analyzing the sequence. The morphological characteristics of strain S-51 were very similar to those of Microdochium nivale in the literature, and the sequence alignment showed that the target fungi were similar to M. nivale, and the similarity rate was 100%. M. nivale and M. musae had the closest genetic relationship on the same branch as the strain of snow mold leaf blight. Sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree construction based on ITS fragments and combined with morphological characteristics could identify S-51 strain isolated from rice seeds as M. nivale.

  The Operation Mechanism of Agricultural Information Marketization Communication:Taking Dali-mode as an Example Zang Yiming, Ma Jing, Ma Jing 2021, 11 (3):  41-45.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000240 Abstract + ( 357 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF ( 1139KB )   ( 290 ) Dali County of Shaanxi Province has organically integrated the public welfare service and the operating service in agricultural information service, and constructed a new type of science and technology service system (abbreviated as Dali-mode), which is a beneficial exploration of the agricultural information dissemination model in China. Taking the Dali-mode as an example, this paper analyzes the operating mechanism of the Dali-mode through the on-the-spot investigation of its construction. It is found that the safeguard mechanism is an important component of Dali-mode operation mechanism, and the benefit distribution mechanism is the core part. Through the financial and material support of enterprises, the system and policy support of the government, and the technical support of experts, Dali-mode ensures the efficient operation of agricultural information service system and arouses the enthusiasm and creativity of all parties.

  Research Status of Continuous Cropping Obstacles in China from 1989 to 2018:Based on Bibliometric Analysis and Knowledge Mapping of CNKI Xia Meimei, Zhong Wanling, Ouyang Lishan, Sun Zhirong, Zhang Zilong 2021, 11 (3):  46-54.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190800167 Abstract + ( 525 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF ( 3042KB )   ( 647 ) The paper aims to understand the research progress of continuous cropping obstacles in recent years in China. Based on the publication of relevant articles in CNKI from 1989 to 2018, this paper analyzed the age, journals, institutes, funds, authors, objects and topics of these articles by bibliometrics, and used CiteSpace V software to establish a knowledge mapping of keywords. The results showed that: the number of articles was positively correlated with the annual variation; a total of 2678 articles were funded by various funds, accounting for 42.28% of the total amount of articles, among them, the National Natural Science Foundation of China supported the largest number; these articles were mainly published in agricultural journals, and the research institutes were mainly agricultural and forestry universities and research institutes; Mao Z Q, Xu Y L and Han X Z were the main authors who made more achievements in this field; the main research objects were grain crops, vegetable crops, fruits (trees), cash crops and medicinal plants; the research hotspots mainly focused on the soil microorganism, soil enzyme, soil-borne diseases, allelopathic autotoxicity, autotoxic effect and other aspects, and a scientific research team was formed with Han L M, and Zhang C Y as the core. Nowadays, more and more scholars begin to devote themselves to the study of continuous cropping obstacles in China, and the level of scientific research and academic influence in this field have been greatly improved compared with before. However, there is still much room for development in many fields of crop continuous cropping obstacles research in China. Based on the perspective of soil micro-ecological environment change, exploring the mechanism of prevention and control of continuous cropping obstacles is the main direction of future research.

  IT Application in Breeding Under the Background of Big Data Yang Lijuan, Wang Shikun, Li Yang, Yan Yuxin, Zhang Xu, Li Dong, Ma Huaping 2021, 11 (3):  55-69.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190700103 Abstract + ( 468 )   HTML ( 21 )   PDF ( 1039KB )   ( 377 ) IT application is the mainstream trend and inevitable choice of breeding. In order to promote the information construction of crop breeding, under the big data, the IT application in crop breeding was discussed from germplasm resource management, data collection, genealogy analysis, test design, trial process management, genetic analysis and physiological analysis and variety industrialization promotion, and the implementation steps and key points were proposed. Taking Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Henan Province as an example, the important steps were mapped out, such as software application, scientific research management, talent training, hardware update and information sharing. The main problems of IT application in breeding are as following: not widely accepted by breeders, technology needs to be improved, and obstacles in data sharing. The prospect of IT application in breeding is also discussed.

  Effect of Climate Change on Climate-induced Potential Productivity of Natural Vegetation in Heilongjiang Tian Baoxing, Gong Lijuan, Yang Fan, Chen Jing, Zhai Mo, Zhang Yang 2021, 11 (3):  60-67.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190900204 Abstract + ( 375 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF ( 1672KB )   ( 235 ) To understand the distribution rule and change trend of climate-induced potential productivity of natural vegetation and its response to climate change in Heilongjiang from 1970 to 2014, the authors used the Miami model, wavelet analysis and EOF to analyze the variation characteristics of the climate-induced potential productivity of natural vegetation based on observation data of 80 meteorological stations. The results showed that: the four types of climate-induced potential productivity (air temperature, precipitation, evapotranspiration and standard climate-induced potential productivity) had increased since 1970, however, there were hidden dangers in food security from 2000 to 2014. The standard climate-induced potential productivity (W) and evapotranspiration climate-induced potential productivity had similar interdecadal variation. The major periodic of the four types of climate-induced potential productivity was 26 to 31 years. The W presented alternate positive and negative variations in space, and it was positively correlated with the air temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration, the air temperature was the main restriction factor. Warm-wet climate is beneficial to W, and the potential productivity will increase within a range of 7.41% to 14.82%. The results could provide a basic method for optimizing agricultural distribution, improving the utilization of agricultural climate resources and promoting stable and high yield production of grain crops.

  Meteorological Factors of Quality Formation of Baojing Gold Tea at Different Altitudes: A Preliminary Study Xiao Jian, Liu Hui, Zheng Fuwei, Shuai Xiqiang, Liu Song 2021, 11 (3):  68-73.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0077 Abstract + ( 360 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1170KB )   ( 307 ) To determine the relationship between the quality of Baojing gold tea at different altitudes and meteorological factors, this paper established a calculation model for the polyphenol content and amino acid content of Baojing gold tea by applying correlation analysis. The results show that: tea polyphenols of Baojing gold tea are negatively correlated with the average temperature and daily temperature range before picking, and positively correlated with the accumulated rainfall. The most influential period and meteorological factors are the average temperature of 14-22 days before picking, the daily temperature range of 16-24 days before picking, and the accumulated rainfall of 4-27 days before picking. Amino acid content is positively correlated with average temperature, daily temperature range and accumulated rainfall. The most influential period and related factors are the average temperature of 18-28 days before picking, the daily temperature range of 9-14 days before picking, and the accumulated rainfall of 12-23 days before picking. According to the model calculation, the phenol ammonia ratio of Baojing gold tea at 360 m in 2019 is close to the actual measured value, and the error is within 10%. The model can be used to evaluate the meteorological conditions of Baojing gold tea quality.

  Agricultural Development Through an ECO Way in Both Sides of the Taiwan Straits: An Academic Review of the Youth Forum on Agricultural Green Development and Rural Revitalization Across the Taiwan Straits Ma Jing, Wei Zheng, Du Yong, Wang Hongwei, Liu Rongzhi 2021, 11 (3):  74-77.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0011 Abstract + ( 497 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF ( 1021KB )   ( 276 ) Agriculture is the vital area and key hub in the cooperation and exchanges across the Taiwan Straits. In response to the increasing communication and cooperation need, in November 5thof 2020, the China Association of Agricultural Science Societies held a Youth Forum on Agricultural Green Development and Rural Revitalization across the Taiwan Straits, in Fuzhou City. In this forum, young and outstanding academicians and experts from Chinese mainland and Taiwan made thematic reports on the new outcomes of agricultural green science and technology development, the new explorations of rural industrial revitalization, and the new trends of agricultural integration development across the Straits. The forum could boost the communication and innovation of the future development of both agricultural science and industry to a new stage in both sides of the Straits.

  Personnel Development in State-owned Units of Agricultural and Rural System: Trend Research Based on Data Analysis Wu Junze, Guo Jingru 2021, 11 (3):  78-83.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0167 Abstract + ( 395 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1181KB )   ( 215 ) As the national team of "Sannong" (agriculture, rural areas and farmers), state-owned units of the agricultural and rural system shoulder an important mission of implementing rural revitalization strategy. Grasp the status quo of personnel and talent development in state-owned units of agricultural and rural systems, and analyze the change trend of institutions, personnel structure and staff salaries, could provide guidance and principles for fully understanding the "Sannong" work team, and formulating the “14 th five-year” agricultural and rural personnel construction and development plan. By comparing the personnel and labor statistics of state-owned units of agricultural and rural system from 2009 to 2019, we elaborated the changing trend of organizational structure, employees and staff salaries. It is found that with the development of China’s "Sannong" issues, the number of state-owned units of agricultural and rural system is continuously streamlined, the quality of employees is constantly optimized, and the staff salaries and welfare are improved, providing a strong organizational guarantee for the sustainable development of “Sannong” issues and realizing the strategy of rural revitalization. In the face of the new development challenges, the study puts forward policy suggestions on personnel development of state-owned units of agricultural and rural system, such as strengthening organizational structure, optimizing the personnel policy setting, and forming a sound mechanism of salary increase.

  The Development Path of High-Quality Rice Industry in Hubei Province Cao Peng, Zhang Jianshe, Cai Xin 2021, 11 (3):  84-88.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500052 Abstract + ( 371 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF ( 1153KB )   ( 366 ) Rice is the most primary food crop in Hubei Province. Promoting high-quality development of rice industry has great practical significance for ensuring food security, building a strong agricultural province and realizing rural revitalization. In the study, we summarize the achievements and major progress of the rice industry development in Hubei, and point out that currently rice varieties cannot effectively meet the production needs, the production technology cannot effectively ensure the integration of machine and cultivation techniques, the rice products cannot effectively satisfy the consumption demand, and the rice brands cannot effectively support the high-quality development of the industry. Under the background of deepening structural reform on the supply side of agriculture, we put forward the basic idea of developing the "five adjustments and five changes", summarize measures such as actively promoting the "four upgrades", focusing on building the "four special zones" and strengthening of the "four supports" to fully develop the rice industry in Hubei Province.

  Thoughts on Improving Food Security Risk Management in China Yang Yunlong 2021, 11 (3):  89-92.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0280 Abstract + ( 593 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF ( 1018KB )   ( 376 ) Risks, such as Less arable land per capital, large population base, weak fertility of farm land, natural hazard, environment pollution and so on, have threatened China's grain self-sufficiency and food security for a long time. Food security risk management has always been a hot issue in the field of agricultural risk management. Previous researchers have conducted in-depth research on this issue. The main factors affecting food security include resource risk, climate risk, market risk and so on. In the author's opinion, there are not only consciousness problems, but also system and mechanism problems, such as the awareness of risk management subject needs to be improved, the risk prevention and control system and institutions need to be established and improved. Therefore, it is suggested that we should strengthen the awareness of risk management based on prevention, lay a solid foundation for grain production, and establish a risk management system for grain production, so as to continuously improve the level of food security risk management in China.

  Miscellaneous Grain in Hebei Province: Production Status and Production Layout Outlook Liu Meng, Liu Fei, Zhao Yu, Xia Xueyan, Li Shunguo 2021, 11 (3):  93-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200300040 Abstract + ( 432 )   HTML ( 20 )   PDF ( 1310KB )   ( 475 ) Hebei Province is the major producer of miscellaneous grains and has a wide range of varieties. In order to stabilize the development of grain production in Hebei and further adjust the planting industry structure, this paper summarizes the historical production status of miscellaneous grains in Hebei, including the area, yield per unit area, total yield and the production distribution in various cities of Hebei. This paper attempts to explore the production layout and trend of miscellaneous grains. At the same time, according to the historical change trend of yield per unit area in Hebei, the causes of yield per unit area change were analyzed, and some suggestions were put forward. Finally, the prospect of the distribution of miscellaneous grain production in Hebei is discussed, and the distribution of miscellaneous grain production in Hebei is divided into three functional areas: the dominant main producing area, the strategic promotion area and the steadily developing area.