Current issue

• 2022 Vol.12 No.5 Published:20 May 2022

  Efficacy of Cyanene·pentazolol Application Methods on Controlling Wheat Scab and DON Toxin ZHANG Haiyan, XU Li, YANG Aiguo, ZHANG Yingui, DONG Fei, XU Jianhong 2022, 12 (5):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0130 Abstract + ( 662 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1176KB )   ( 178 ) The best period to prevent and control wheat scab is on the preliminary stage of flowering. To explore the control efficacy on wheat scab and toxins when missing the preliminary stage of flowering, 13 wheat varieties in Jiangyan were selected for this experiment, and 48% cyanene·pentazolol SC was used to control the wheat scab. We designed three application methods: spraying 48% cyanene·pentazolol SC once after 6 days missing the preliminary stage of flowering, spraying 48% cyanene·pentazolol SC once at the preliminary stage of flowering, and spraying 48% cyanene·pentazolol SC once at the preliminary stage of flowering plus once after 6 days. The controlling efficacy of the 3 treatments against wheat scab, as well as their impact on the content of DON toxin in wheat grain were compared for each wheat variety. The results showed that the average control efficacy on diseased ear rate and the disease index and the reduction effect on DON toxin under spraying 48% cyanene·pentazolol SC once after 6 days missing the preliminary stage of flowering were 15.87%, 21.25% and 35.48% lower than those under spraying once at the preliminary stage of flowering respectively, and were 39.79%, 44.87% and 66.84% lower than those under spraying once at the preliminary stage of flowering plus once after 6 days. Therefore, the optimal first control time for scab is at the preliminary stage of flowering, while spraying 48% cyanene·pentazolol SC once after 6 days missing the preliminary stage of flowering has relatively poor control efficacy on scab and DON toxin. Spraying 48% cyanene·pentazolol SC once at the preliminary stage of flowering plus once after 6 days shows the best efficacy, and the performance trend of all the varieties are consistent.

  Investigation and Detection of the Insect Vector of Sugarcane White Leaf Phytoplasma in Gengma LI Wenfeng, WANG Xiaoyan, CANG Xiaoyan, ZHANG Rongyue, SHAN Hongli, LU Wenjie, WANG Changmi, YIN Jiong, HUANG Yingkun 2022, 12 (5):  6-9.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0137 Abstract + ( 246 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1223KB )   ( 173 ) To investigate the insect vector and dominant population of sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) phytoplasma in Yunnan can enrich the theoretical and technical basis of sugarcane phytoplasma disease control and provide reference for formulating comprehensive control measures for SCWL. The insect vectors of SCWL phytoplasma were investigated using visual search and sweep netting methods and detected by nested PCR in Gengma of Lincang City, Yunnan Province in 2019, where the occurrence of SCWL was the most serious. The investigation and detection results showed that two collected insect vectors Tettigoniella viridis and Clovia conifer were tested positive. They were natural carriers of SCWL phytoplasma, indicating that these two leafhopper species might be the potential insect vectors of SCWL phytoplasma. Meanwhile, the nymph of T. viridis was tested strongly positive and preliminarily identified as the dominant population. In view of the fact that the main transmission ways of SCWL phytoplasma currently are SCWL-infected seedcane and leafhopper insect vector, it is suggested to establish a sugarcane breeding base of disease-free and healthy seedcane and kill leafhopper insect vector in sugarcane planting area in time, so as to control the spread of SCWL from the source and reduce the natural transmission speed in field.

  Density and Spatial Distribution of Frankliniella occidentalisa Population on Kidney Beans CHEN Anping, HU Changxiong, CHEN Guohua, YIN Honghui, XU Tianyang, YANG Jinbo, YANG Hang, ZHANG Xiaoming 2022, 12 (5):  10-16.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0106 Abstract + ( 217 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1351KB )   ( 240 ) This experiment studies the damage of Frankliniella occidentalisa on the kidney beans in Midu County of Yunnan Province, and provides a basis for the control of F. occidentalisa in kidney bean planting. In order to better understand the spatial distribution pattern of F. occidentalisa on leaves of kidney beans, eight kinds of aggregation indicators and Iwao regression equation were used for the analysis. Meanwhile, the spatial distributions of F. occidentalisa were compared during flowering and maturity stages and when the leaves were green and light green. The results show that the spatial distribution pattern of F. occidentalisa on kidney beans is aggregated; Adults mainly distributed in the upper part of the kidney bean, nymphs in the lower part; the number of nymphs is greater than that of adults at each stage, and the population of F. occidentalisa on the maturity stage is generally higher than that on the flowering stage; and the population is larger on green leaves than that on light green leaves. F. occidentalisa on kidney beans has an aggregated distribution, thrips on nymphs and green leaves should be the key in controlling F. occidentalisa on kidney beans in field.

  Terrain Factors Related to Hydrology in the Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi Based on DEM WANG Yuanyuan 2022, 12 (5):  17-23.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0097 Abstract + ( 203 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1791KB )   ( 252 ) Hydrological element is one of the significant factors in the study of soil erosion in the Loess Plateau. In order to reveal the correlation rules among the hydrological and topographic factors of the Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi, relevant hydrological and topographic factors were extracted based on the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with 90m resolution, including slope length and slope gradient factor (LS), topographic wetness index (TWI), and gully density. Moreover, the three types of hydrological factors were analyzed. The TWI and the slope value showed the best index fitting performance with the R2 of 0.8168. The LS and the slope value showed the best quadratic polynomial fitting performance with the R2 of 0.993. The gully density and the slope value showed the best polynomial fitting performance with the R2 of 0.0604. The TWI and the LS showed the best index fitting performance with the R2 of 0.8385. The LS and the gully density showed the best quadratic polynomial fitting performance with the R2 of 0.2077. The TWI and the gully density showed the best polynomial fitting performance with the R2 of 0.2801. In conclusion, the condition of actual landform can be reflected by LS, TWI and gully density to a certain degree, and a significant linear correlation relationship can be found between the LS and the slope gradient. The slope gradient is inversely proportional to the TWI, and the gully density is inversely proportional to threshold of conflux value.

  Spatial-temporal Variation of Land Surface Temperature in Shangluo City and Its Influencing Factors LI Liang, LIU Fan, WANG Hua, TIAN Liang, YAN Hongmei 2022, 12 (5):  24-29.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0194 Abstract + ( 243 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF ( 1701KB )   ( 252 ) Based on the daily 0 cm land surface temperature, air temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration observation data from 7 meteorological stations in Shangluo City from 1960 to 2020, the spatial-temporal variation of land surface temperature were investigated by M-K test and wavelet analysis, aiming to response to climate change and guide agricultural production and research reasonably. The results showed that the annual mean land surface temperature in Shangluo City increased gradually from northwest to southeast during 1960-2020. The seasonal mean temperature of land surface exhibited an order of summer > spring > autumn > winter. The land surface temperature was the lowest in January and the highest in July. The climatic tendency rate of land surface temperature was 0.37℃/10 a, and the increasing range decreased from west to east. Spring, winter and annual mean land surface temperature showed a warming trend year by year, and a mutation occurred in 1997. Four oscillation frequencies of land surface temperature (LST) were 6, 10, 14 and 28 years, and 6 years was the first main cycle, and 10 years was the second main cycle of LST variation. Altitude was the main geographical factor that affected land surface temperature in Shangluo City, while air temperature and sunshine duration were the main meteorological factors. The rise of land surface temperature could alleviate the disaster caused by low temperature to agricultural production and is beneficial to agricultural structural adjustment in a certain period of time.

  Changes of Functional Traits of Flue-cured Tobacco: Influence on Nicotine Content HE Jixian, GU Huizhan, YU Xiao, CHEN Liping, YU Yaoying, JIANG Hao 2022, 12 (5):  30-36.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0151 Abstract + ( 229 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1455KB )   ( 170 ) This article aims to reveal the influence of the change of functional traits on leaf nicotine content in flue-cured tobacco. Morphological and biochemical traits of ‘Yunyan 87’ were analyzed based on a field experiment carried out in Guangyuan tobacco area of Sichuan Province. Results show that distinct patterns of biomass accumulation and allocation could significantly affect the nicotine content. Briefly, plants with more total biomass, root biomass, and stem biomass as well as higher stem weight ratio and leaf mass per area have higher nicotine content. However, plants with higher leaf weight ratio have lower nicotine accumulation. In addition, regression analysis shows that the nicotine content is significantly affected by the changes of stem biomass and root weight ratio (R2=0.91, P<0.001) as well as leaf mass per area and the fifth leaf SPAD value (R2=0.987, P<0.001). It can better characterize the change of nicotine content based on the patterns of biomass allocation and the changes of functional leaf traits.

  Water Purification Function and Cultivation Techniques of Water Caltrop: Research Progress ZHANG Zhongwu, HUANG Lin, DENG Zhengchun, WANG Zhongmei, HU Chao, JIANG Wan, ZHANG Yang, PENG Yuanqun, WANG Zhen 2022, 12 (5):  37-41.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0090 Abstract + ( 540 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1052KB )   ( 383 ) Water caltrop is an annual aquatic herb and important economic plant, and it is rich in nutrients. The stems and leaves of water caltrop could be used as feed, and the fruit starch content is high which could be used for feed and wine making. In addition, water caltrop could purify the water quality and improve the environment. This article introduced the bio-ecological characteristics of water caltrop, and summarized the research achievements in its function of water purification, germplasm resources, collection and utilization, cultivation techniques, and etc. The study suggested that the research on breeding and matching cultivation techniques of water caltrop should be enhanced to promote the development of water caltrop industry.

  Aquatic Environmental Pollution: Current Situation and Prevention Strategies REN Xiaoliang, SHI Yulu, LIAO Heting, YANG Xiaoxi, QIAN Xinyu, ZHENG Yao, CHEN Jiazhang 2022, 12 (5):  42-46.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0175 Abstract + ( 309 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF ( 1044KB )   ( 242 ) China has a remarkably long history of aquaculture. At present, aquatic products have become a main way of protein intake for human body under the rapid economic growth, but there are some restricting factors for the sustainable development of aquaculture industry, including the industrialized and high-density breeding mode, unscientific breeding technologies and other external pollution, so the quality of aquatic products cannot be effectively guaranteed. This paper introduced current pollution status of aquaculture, analyzed the source of pollution in detail, and put forward effective countermeasures for achieving the sustainable development of aquaculture and ecology.

  Quality Inspection of Bacteria for Bombyx Batryticatus by Artificial Feeding SUN Pei, YE Xiao, TONG Wen, LONG Yanmei, KUANG Zaiyin 2022, 12 (5):  47-53.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0113 Abstract + ( 318 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF ( 2881KB )   ( 265 ) The aims are to ensure the success of cultured bombyx batryticatus by artificial feeding, establish the method and quality assessment index of bacteria for bombyx batryticatus. Bacteria of bombyx batryticatus from different sources were tested. The blood counting chamber was used for counting sprouted spore and flat colony counting method was applied to determine the number of mixed fungi and Beauveria bassiana. Both the number of sprouted active spore and active spore in plate of bombyx batryticatus bacteria made by liquid-solid dual-phase fermentation were greater than 1010 spore/g, while the number of mixed fungi was less than 105 CFU/g, and the number of mixed bacteria was less than 104 CFU/g. Meanwhile, both the number of sprouted active spore and active spore in plate of bombyx batryticatus bacteria produced by nature were less than 1010 spore/g, while the number of mixed fungi was greater than 105 CFU/g. and the number of mixed bacteria was greater than 108 CFU/g. The test method for bombyx batryticatus bacteria is feasible. The index of bombyx batryticatus bacteria made by liquid-solid dual-phase fermentation is better than that by nature, and could be popularized in the culture base of bombyx batryticatus by artificial feeding.

  The Synergistic Mechanism of Agricultural Science and Technology Achievement Transformation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei: An Empirical Study Based on Agricultural Science and Technology Personnel in Tianjin LIU Wei, WANG Lijuan, SONG Bin, QIAN Chunyang, WANG Ning 2022, 12 (5):  54-59.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0101 Abstract + ( 161 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1310KB )   ( 302 ) The transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is the basis for consolidating agricultural development, and agricultural technicians are the main body of the transformation of science and technology achievements and play an important role in enhancing the efficiency of the transformation. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted with agricultural science and technology personnel in Tianjin, and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the main behavior and influencing factors of science and technology personnel’s participation in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, with the aim of identifying synergistic mechanisms to promote the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. The results show that scientific and technological personnel are very willing to participate in the transformation of achievements, but at this stage, the collaborative transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei still lacks relative supporting policies and sharing platforms, and the existing management system and incentive mechanism are not perfect, which could hinder the process of transformation of achievements to a certain extent. It is suggested that the synergistic mechanism should be built from four aspects: improving the system, innovating the incentive mechanism, building a synergistic transformation platform and cultivating professional talents.

  Study on the Agrometeorological Indexes and Suitable Sowing Time of ‘Biyu’ Radish in Field LIU Yan, LIU Fan, WANG Zixuan, ZHAO Xiang, LIU Xinsheng 2022, 12 (5):  60-64.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0182 Abstract + ( 319 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 2496KB )   ( 183 ) Based on the meteorological data of daily average temperature and daily average relative humidity in Xianyang from 1991 to 2020, and combined with the production data of ‘Biyu’ radish in field in Weicheng in southern Xianyang and Xunyi County in northern Xianyang in 2020, the agrometeorological indexes and suitable sowing time of ‘Biyu’ radish in field planting were studied, aiming to provide theoretical reference for the rational and efficient use of climate resources to develop the planting scale of cold climate vegetables in Xianyang. The results showed that (1) daily mean temperature and daily mean relative humidity were the main agrometeorological indexes affecting the vegetative growth stage of radish; (2) the optimal daily average temperature of radish was 11.1-24.9℃, and the optimal daily average relative humidity of radish was >47%. (3) in northern Xianyang, the optimum sowing time of radish in Changwu, Xunyi and Chunhua was from April 14 to August 5; the optimum sowing time in Binzhou and Yongshou was from April 4 to May 16 and from July 28 to August 12; (4) the optimum sowing time of radish in the southern counties (Weicheng, Sanyuan, Xingping, Ganxian, Wugong, Jingyang and Liquan) was mainly from March 17 to April 13 and from August 15 to 24. There was a significant correlation between the earliest sowing date of ‘Biyu’ radish in Xianyang and altitude (P<0.01), and the earliest sowing date of radish was delayed with the increase of altitude.

  The Impact of Meteorological Conditions on Agricultural Production of Xianyang in the Winter of 2020/2021 LIU Fan, GAO Meng, LIU Yan, LV Yang 2022, 12 (5):  65-69.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0201 Abstract + ( 351 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1165KB )   ( 207 ) Based on the observation data of 12 national weather stations in Xianyang City in the winter of 2020/2021 (from December to February of the following year), and compared with the climatic standard values of winter from 1959 to 2019, the agrometeorological conditions in the winter of 2020/2021 in Xianyang and their impact on major crops and facility agriculture were analyzed. The results showed that the winter temperature in 2020/2021 was relatively high, the negative accumulated temperature in the north was insufficient, the precipitation was more, and the sunshine was less. During the winter, there were large-scale low-temperature cold waves, few sunshine and other agricultural meteorological disasters. The average temperature, the daily maximum temperature and the daily maximum precipitation broke through or were close to the historical extreme values. Generally speaking, the meteorological conditions in the winter of 2020/2021 had more harm than good to agricultural production. (1) The high temperature was conducive to the increase of tillering of winter wheat, but the wheat could not get cold hardening and was prone to freezing damage. (2) The lack of negative accumulated temperature in the north made winter wheat and rapeseed be more sensitive to the low temperature in spring, delayed the dormancy period of fruit trees and reduced the fruit setting rate of apple trees. (3) Less sunlight and more cloudy and overcast days caused low temperature in greenhouses and slowed the growth of greenhouse vegetables which had falling flowers and fruits. In cold wave weather, freezing injury could easily affect the yield and quality of vegetables. (4) At the same time, cold wave weather in winter was beneficial to killing insect eggs and reducing pests and diseases. (5) The first through-moisture rain in late February increased soil moisture and laid a good foundation for agricultural production in spring.

  The Integrated Development Mode and Mechanism of Agriculture, Forestry, Culture, Tourism and Health Industry from the Perspective of New Industry Form and New Function——Taking Zezhou County of Shanxi Province as an Example WANG Wenlei, LI Qian 2022, 12 (5):  70-76.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0114 Abstract + ( 368 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1167KB )   ( 224 ) To further promote the transformation and upgrading of county level agricultural economy, optimize agricultural structure and increase farmers’ income, based on the combination of agriculture, forestry, culture, tourism and health industry, this study focused on the organizational form of the differentiation, convergence and integration of agriculture, forestry, culture, tourism and health industry, and constructed the new industry form and new function of the organizational form. The integration of agriculture, forestry, culture, and tourism and health industry is the mutual penetration, intersection and integration among agriculture, forestry, cultural industry, tourism industry and health care industry. The integration among the five industries could promote the development of the new industry form and new function. This study took Zezhou County of Shanxi Province as the research object, based on the county’s resources and terrain characteristics, established the development modes of ‘plain + modern agriculture’, ‘hilly area+ cultural tourism’ and ‘mountain area+ forest health’ from the perspective of the new industry form and new function, as well as the cultivation mechanism of new agricultural business entities, the strengthening mechanism of interest connection, the guarantee mechanism of policy and the expansion mechanism of industrial development. This study could have a practical role in promoting the development of the new industry form and new function of the integration of agriculture, forestry, culture, and tourism and health industry.

  Rural Population-Land-Industry in Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone: Spatial-temporal Differentiation of the Coupling Coordination Degree LIU Chang, ZENG Yi, CAI Xueqi, ZHAO Kuangwei 2022, 12 (5):  77-84.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0126 Abstract + ( 310 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1932KB )   ( 183 ) The rural area is a complex and giant system formed by the organic combination of core elements such as population, land and industry. In order to explore the interaction between rural population, land and industry, this paper used these three elements of rural development to construct the evaluation index system of the coupling coordination degree based on the county panel data of the Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone. Then, the paper adopted the coupling coordination degree model to deeply portray the spatial-temporal differentiation of the coupling coordination of rural population-land-industry in Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone. Results showed that the development of the subsystems with rural population, land and industry in the Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone was generally very different and unbalanced; the development of rural population-land-industry in most counties was in the stage of coupling coordination, forming a spatial pattern centered on the developed area of Yueyang City in the east of Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone and gradually spreading outward in the form of circles, which showed an overall upward trend year by year. The coupling coordination degree had four types: bare coordination, primary coordination, intermediate coordination and good coordination. The rural population-land-industry coupling coordination degree as a whole showed the characteristics of increasing from primary coordination to intermediate coordination in the study area.

  Exposure Degree Evaluation of Urban Fringe in Hangzhou XUE Siwen, XIE Xuefeng, WU Tao, YU Hongmei, ZHOU Qi 2022, 12 (5):  85-90.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0069 Abstract + ( 167 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1968KB )   ( 162 ) The exposure degree theory is a bridge to analyze the process of human-land interaction. This paper considered the impact of rapid urbanization as the main interference, and selected the streets under the jurisdiction of Hangzhou’s urban fringe as the basic unit. The distance from the city center, patch density, Shannon’s diversity index, landscape segmentation index, construction land proportion and maximum patch index were used as indicators to establish exposure index system, and the entropy method was applied to clarify the spatial differentiation characteristics of the exposure degree and its influencing factors in urban fringe of Hangzhou. The results showed that (1) the overall distribution of exposure degree in the urban fringe of Hangzhou was not gradually decreasing from east to west, but showed a high, middle and low grade alternate arrangement; (2) combined with the current social and economic data of Hangzhou, it was found that the spatial differentiation and the difference of urban system transition stage had certain impact on the exposure degree in the urban fringe of Hangzhou.

  The Cultivation Strategy of High-quality Farmers from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization—A Case Study of Weifang City HUANG Linnan, TAN Qing 2022, 12 (5):  91-95.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0184 Abstract + ( 251 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1164KB )   ( 173 ) High-quality farmers have played a vital role in implementing the Rural Revitalization Strategy in the new era, and can provide strong talent support for consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and accelerating the development of agricultural and rural modernization. From the perspective of rural revitalization, this study comprehensively sorts out and interprets the cultivation policy of high-quality farmers, and analyzes the cultivation status of Weifang City in Shandong Province. The results show that in the current practice, there are some problems in the cultivation of high-quality farmers, such as imperfect policies and systems, large individual differences among farmers, contradictions between training and working affecting the systematization of training, and the disconnection between training content and demand. Finally, in view of the current problems, countermeasures are put forward from four aspects: accelerating the reform of urban-rural dual structure system, accurately implementing the cultivation of high-quality farmers, improving the training mechanism and building a local training curriculum system.

  The Construction Strategies of Rural Tourism Destinations in the Era of Mobile Internet ZHOU Hui 2022, 12 (5):  96-100.  DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0200 Abstract + ( 252 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1091KB )   ( 208 ) In the pre-digital era when the mobile internet has not yet become popular, a set of relatively fixed rules and traditions have been formed on the construction strategy of rural tourism destinations. However, with the advent of the mobile internet era, numerous rural tourism destinations, as important potential regions for rural revitalization and industrial support, urgently need to be guided by construction ideas that conform to the logic of the new era. At present, the lack of integration with the needs of the internet era has led to unclear construction countermeasures, which has become one of the important reasons for the lack of enthusiasm for rural tourism destinations. Under the opportunity of a new round of policy support and rapid development of new media technology, this study starts with the regular characteristics of tourism communication in the mobile internet era, deeply interprets the new characteristics of rural tourism development such as ‘beauty face-based economy, web celebrity phenomenon, and data dominance’, and puts forward the construction strategies of strengthening the construction of traditional rural landscapes and scenes, trying more new elements of rural industries, and advancing the construction of rural smart facilities like data collection and management platform, in order to promote the development of rural tourism and rural revitalization.