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农学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (1): 21-27.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2018-1-021

所属专题: 农业学科与产业发展 现代农业发展与乡村振兴 园艺

• 农业学科发展篇 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国蔬菜育种科学技术的发展与展望

方智远   

  1. 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-06 修回日期:2017-11-22 出版日期:2018-01-20 发布日期:2020-04-22
  • 作者简介:方智远,男,1939年出生,湖南衡阳人,中国工程院院士,研究员,博士生导师。研究方向:蔬菜遗传育种。主编或参编科技著作10余部,包括《甘蓝栽培技术》(1991年),《中国蔬菜抗病育种进展》(1996年),《蔬菜优质高产栽培的理论基础》(1999年),《蔬菜学》(2004年),《中国蔬菜育种学》(2017年),先后在《Euphytica》、《中国农业科学》、《园艺学报》、《中国蔬菜》等刊物上发表论文100余篇。

Development Progress and Future Perspectives of Vegetable Breeding Sciences and Technologies in China

Fang Zhiyuan   

  1. Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2017-11-06 Revised:2017-11-22 Online:2018-01-20 Published:2020-04-22

摘要:

蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,蔬菜产业在国民经济中占有重要地位。20世纪50年代特别是改革开放以来,中国的蔬菜产业实现了快速发展,在产值、出口量等方面均位居农作物首位,已成为中国农民增收、农村发展的支柱产业,这其中离不开蔬菜育种科学技术的快速发展和强力支撑。当前,中国蔬菜产业正面临实现转型升级的关键时刻,继续大力发展蔬菜育种科学技术、推进科技创新、促进种业发展是其必由之路。本文回顾了中国蔬菜育种科学技术的发展历程,总结了20世纪50年代以来中国蔬菜育种取得的成绩,如不断壮大的科研队伍和取得的一批重要科研成果,以及迅速发展的种业企业等;文章还对中国蔬菜育种科学技术的未来进行了展望,根据中国蔬菜育种目前存在问题及市场的需求,提出了今后应重点做好的工作,包括建立新型蔬菜育种技术体系、加强基础研究和应用基础研究、做好种质创新工作、规范蔬菜种业市场和保护育种者的知识产权等等。

关键词: 中国, 蔬菜育种科学技术, 发展历程, 未来展望

Abstract:

Vegetables are indispensable non-stable food for people, and vegetable industry plays an essential role in national economy. Since 1950s, especially after the reform and opening up, vegetable industry in China has developed fast, with both output value and export volume ranking the first of all crops. Vegetable industry has now become the pillar for increasing the farmer’s income and developing of the rural area, which relies greatly on the rapid development and strong support of vegetable breeding sciences and technologies. Currently, China vegetable industry is faced with the crucial period of transformation and upgrading, while sparing no efforts on boosting vegetable breeding research, encouraging science and technology innovation and promoting the development of the seed industry is the inevitable course. This paper reviews the development history of vegetable breeding sciences and technologies in China, and summarizes the progress made since 1950s, including the growing research team and their significant scientific achievements, as well as the booming seed industry. This paper also looks forward to the prospects of vegetable breeding sciences and technologies in China, and based on the existing problems and market demands, the future work emphasis is discussed, including building a new system for vegetable breeding sciences and technologies, strengthening both the fundamental and applied research, attaching importance to germplasm innovation, regulating seed market behavior, and protecting the intellectual property right for the breeders.

Key words: China, Vegetable Breeding Sciences and Technologies, Development Progress, Future Perspectives

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