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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (6): 40-45.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190400016

所属专题： 油料作物

• 土壤肥料/资源环境/生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

潮土区不同品种花生的干物质积累与氮磷钾养分需求的差异分析

司贤宗1, 张翔1(), 索炎炎1, 毛家伟1, 李亮1, 余琼1, 李国平1, 余辉2, 郭玉婷3   

  1. 1 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,郑州 450002
    2 正阳县花生研究所,河南正阳 463600
    3 中化化肥有限公司河南分公司,郑州 450006
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-30 出版日期:2020-06-20 发布日期:2020-07-09
  • 通讯作者:
    张翔,男,1967年出生,河南驻马店人,研究员,硕士研究生,主要从事植物营养与施肥技术研究。通信地址：450002 河南省郑州市花园路116号 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,Tel：0371-65733534,E-mail： 。
  • 作者简介:

    司贤宗,男,1975年出生,河南夏邑人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事经济作物施肥研究。通信地址：450002河南省郑州市花园路116号 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,Tel：0371-65733534,E-mail：sixianzong@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“大豆及花生化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD0201008); 河南省花生产业技术体系耕作栽培岗位(S2012-05-G02); 河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目“花生钙素高效调控关键技术及机理研究”(2018YQ15); 河南省科技攻关计划项目“夏花生磷营养高效利用技术途径研究”(172102110081); 河南省重点科技攻关项目“不同施锌方式下外源磷诱导对花生锌营养的影响及其作用机制”(192102110010)

Peanut Varieties in Fluvo-aquic Soil Area: Dry Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Requirement

Si Xianzong1, Zhang Xiang1(), Suo Yanyan1, Mao Jiawei1, Li Liang1, Yu Qiong1, Li Guoping1, Yu Hui2, Guo Yuting3   

  1. 1 Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resource and Environment, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2 Zhengyang Institute of Peanut, Zhengyang 463600, Henan, China
    3 Henan Branch, Sinochem Fertilizer Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou 450006, Henan, China
  • Received:2019-04-30 Online:2020-06-20 Published:2020-07-09

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摘要：

采用大田随机区组设计,在麦套花生种植区潮土上,研究不同品种花生干物质积累和氮磷钾养分需求的差异,为科学施用氮磷钾肥料提供技术支撑。结果表明,花生干物质的阶段积累量和积累速率呈抛物线变化趋势,花针后期最大,施肥能增加花生不同生长发育阶段干物质的积累量和积累速率,‘豫花9719’的最大,分别为3687.0 kg/hm2、184.3 kg/(hm2·d)。花生氮钾阶段积累量、阶段积累速率呈抛物线变化趋势,‘豫花9326’的磷呈双峰曲线变化趋势,‘豫花9719’、‘豫花9620’的磷呈抛物线变化趋势。每形成100 kg荚果,‘豫花9719’所需的氮(N)、磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)养分量最大,为3.877、1.103、1.456 kg,‘豫花9620’ 所需的氮(N)、钾(K2O)养分量最小,为3.773、1.375 kg,‘豫花9326’所需的磷(P2O5)养分量最小,为1.058 kg;与氮养分相比,‘豫花9620’所需的磷养分比例最大,‘豫花9326’所需的磷养分比例最小,‘豫花9719’所需的钾养分比例最大,‘豫花9620’所需的钾养分比例最小。在N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别为180、120、150 kg/hm2条件下,‘豫花9620’是氮、钾需求量小而磷需求量大的品种,‘豫花9326’是磷需求量小的品种,‘豫花9719’是氮、钾需求量大的品种。

关键词: 潮土, 花生, 品种, 干物质积累, 养分需求

Abstract:

The differences of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium requirement of different peanut varieties were studied by field experiment with randomized block design, aiming to provide technical support for rational application of nitrogen, phosphorus potassium on peanut in wheat-peanut area with fluvo-aquic soil. Results showed that the dry matter stage accumulation and accumulation rate of peanut had a parabolic trend, and those of the late pegging period were the biggest, fertilization could increase the dry matter accumulation and accumulation rate by peanut in different growth and development stages, among the varieties, the accumulation and the accumulation rate of ‘Yuhua 9719’ were the largest, 3687.0 kg/hm2, 184.3 kg/(hm2·d), respectively. The stage accumulation and stage accumulation rate of nitrogen and potassium had a parabolic trend, those of phosphorus of ‘Yuhua 9326’ had a bimodal curve trend, and those of potassium of ‘Yuhua 9719’ and ‘Yuhua 9620’ had a parabolic trend. The average requirement of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (K2O) by ‘Yuhua 9719’ were the largest, 3.877, 1.103 and 1.456 kg, respectively. The average requirement of nitrogen (N), potassium (K2O) by ‘Yuhua 9620’, and phosphorus (P2O5) by ‘Yuhua 9326’ were the smallest, 3.773, 1.375 and 1.058 kg, respectively. Compared with the nitrogen, the average proportion of phosphorus required by ‘Yuhua 9620’ was the largest, the average proportion of phosphorus required by ‘Yuhua 9326’ was the smallest, the average proportion of potassium by ‘Yuhua 9719’ was the largest, and that by ‘Yuhua 9620’ was the smallest. When the application rate of N, P2O5, K2O was respectively 180, 120, 150 kg/hm2 respectively, ‘Yuhua 9620’ was a variety with low requirement for nitrogen and potassium and high requirement for phosphorus, ‘Yuhua 9326’ was a variety with low requirement for phosphorus, ‘Yuhua 9719’ was a variety with high requirement for nitrogen and potassium.

Key words: Fluvo-aquic Soil, Peanut, Variety, Dry Matter Accumulation, Nutrient Requirement

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