2种抗蒸腾剂对秋季大棚黄瓜长势、产量和品质的影响

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0046

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为筛选设施黄瓜适用的抗蒸腾剂,提高抗旱能力,以‘北农佳秀’和‘津优35号’为材料,采用田间试验方法,选择腐植酸型国光抗蒸腾剂和成膜型神润抗蒸腾剂,分别设置国光抗蒸腾剂稀释1000倍(T1)、国光抗蒸腾剂稀释500倍(T2)、神润抗蒸腾剂稀释20倍(T3)、神润抗蒸腾剂稀释40倍(T4)4个处理,以喷施清水作为空白对照(CK),在坐瓜后进行叶面喷施,研究不同抗蒸腾剂对黄瓜长势、生物量和产量品质的影响。结果表明,‘津优35号’叶片喷施抗蒸腾剂后,9月11日T1、T2和T3处理的叶片SPAD值比CK分别提高了4.8%、7.4%和9.4%,T1、T2、T3、T4地下部含水率分别比CK提高6.4、17.2、7.1和3.7个百分点;T2处理黄瓜Vc含量比CK提高了25.76%,可溶性蛋白提高了11.54%。‘北农佳秀’叶片喷施抗蒸腾剂后,T4整个生育期叶片SPAD值平均比CK提高1.1%,地上部鲜重提高84.6%,单株产量提高27.2%,可溶性蛋白含量提高50%。研究表明,‘津优35号’黄瓜选择国光抗蒸腾剂稀释500倍、‘北农佳秀’黄瓜选择神润抗蒸腾剂稀释40倍叶面喷施效果较好。

关键词: 抗蒸腾剂, 黄瓜, 长势, 品质, 产量

Abstract:

To select the suitable antitranspirant for facility cucumber, ‘Beinongjiaxiu’ and ‘Jinyou 35’ were used as materials, and a field experiment was conducted. Humic acid type Guoguang antitranspirant and film-forming Shenrun antitranspirant were selected, four treatments were set as Guoguang antitranspirant diluted 1000 times (T1), Guoguang antitranspirant diluted 500 times (T2), Shenrun antitranspirant diluted 20 times (T3), Shenrun antitranspirant diluted 40 times (T4), and water spray was taken as CK, to study the influence of different antitranspirants on the growth, biomass, yield and quality of cucumber. The results showed that compared with CK, for ‘Jinyou 35’, the SPAD value of leaves under T1, T2 and T3 increased by 4.8%, 7.4% and 9.4%, respectively, and the water content of underground part under T1, T2, T3 and T4 increased by 6.4, 17.2, 7.1 and 3.7 percentage points, respectively; the Vc content under T2 increased by 25.76% and the soluble protein increased by 11.54%. For ‘Beinongjiaxiu’, the SPAD value of leaves under T4 increased by 1.1% on average, the fresh weight of the aboveground part increased by 84.6%, the yield per plant increased by 27.2%, and the content of soluble protein increased by 50%. In general, 500 times dilution of Guoguang antitranspirant could be selected for ‘Jinyou 35’ cucumber, 40 times dilution of Shenrun antitranspirant could be selected for ‘Beinongjiaxiu’ cucumber.

Key words: antitranspirants, cucumber, growth vigor, quality, yield

郭芳, 岳焕芳, 王铁臣, 祝宁, 赵鹤, 孟范玉, 安顺伟, 胡潇怡. 2种抗蒸腾剂对秋季大棚黄瓜长势、产量和品质的影响[J]. 农学学报, 2022, 12(2): 47-53.

GUO Fang, YUE Huanfang, WANG Tiechen, ZHU Ning, ZHAO He, MENG Fanyu, AN Shunwei, HU Xiaoyi. Effects of Two Antitranspirants on Growth, Yield and Quality of Cucumber in Autumn Greenhouse[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2022, 12(2): 47-53.

图/表 9

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处理	Vc/(mg/100 g)	可溶性固形物/(g/100 g)	可溶性糖/(g/100 g)	可溶性蛋白/(mg/g)	亚硝酸盐/(mg/kg)
T1	8.15±0.17b	3.33±0.03a	2.48±0.02a	0.28±0.01ab	0.17±0.01bc
T2	8.74±0.12a	3.17±0.03b	2.31±0.05b	0.29±0.00a	0.34±0.03a
T3	7.33±0.17c	3.03±0.03b	2.21±0.04b	0.19±0.00c	0.16±0.00cd
T4	7.41±0.22c	3.03±0.03b	2.10±0.09b	0.20±0.01c	0.22±0.01b
CK	6.95±0.21c	3.13±0.07b	2.16±0.03b	0.26±0.01b	0.11±0.01d

处理	Vc/(mg/100 g)	可溶性固形物/(g/100 g)	可溶性糖/(g/100 g)	可溶性蛋白/(mg/g)	亚硝酸盐/(mg/kg)
T1	8.15±0.17b	3.33±0.03a	2.48±0.02a	0.28±0.01ab	0.17±0.01bc
T2	8.74±0.12a	3.17±0.03b	2.31±0.05b	0.29±0.00a	0.34±0.03a
T3	7.33±0.17c	3.03±0.03b	2.21±0.04b	0.19±0.00c	0.16±0.00cd
T4	7.41±0.22c	3.03±0.03b	2.10±0.09b	0.20±0.01c	0.22±0.01b
CK	6.95±0.21c	3.13±0.07b	2.16±0.03b	0.26±0.01b	0.11±0.01d

处理	Vc/(mg/100 g)	可溶性固形物/(g/100 g)	可溶性糖/(g/100 g)	可溶性蛋白/(mg/g)	亚硝酸盐/(mg/kg)
T1	7.26±0.03b	3.37±0.03a	2.58±0.17a	0.22±0.00a	0.19±0.01b
T2	8.19±0.03a	3.20±0.06ab	2.27±0.04a	0.18±0.00b	0.22±0.01b
T3	8.18±0.30a	3.13±0.03b	2.22±0.02a	0.23±0.01a	0.23±0.01b
T4	8.40±0.32a	3.33±0.07ab	2.27±0.02a	0.18±0.01b	0.34±0.02a
CK	8.23±0.23 a	3.17±0.03ab	2.42±0.03a	0.12±0.00c	0.11±0.01c

处理	Vc/(mg/100 g)	可溶性固形物/(g/100 g)	可溶性糖/(g/100 g)	可溶性蛋白/(mg/g)	亚硝酸盐/(mg/kg)
T1	7.26±0.03b	3.37±0.03a	2.58±0.17a	0.22±0.00a	0.19±0.01b
T2	8.19±0.03a	3.20±0.06ab	2.27±0.04a	0.18±0.00b	0.22±0.01b
T3	8.18±0.30a	3.13±0.03b	2.22±0.02a	0.23±0.01a	0.23±0.01b
T4	8.40±0.32a	3.33±0.07ab	2.27±0.02a	0.18±0.01b	0.34±0.02a
CK	8.23±0.23 a	3.17±0.03ab	2.42±0.03a	0.12±0.00c	0.11±0.01c

处理	单株平均结瓜条数/个	畸形瓜率/%	单株产量/kg
T1	2.8	48	1.01
T2	5.6	37	1.16
T3	1.9	33	0.86
T4	3.4	42	0.90
CK	5.6	25	1.16