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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (5): 20-23.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0069

• 农艺农学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

烟田行间不同生草模式的控草效果及其对烟草农艺性状的影响

胡勇1(), 陈仕红2, 聂忠扬1, 叶照春2(), 刘红峰1, 宋泆洋1, 王博1   

  1. 1 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司，贵阳 550000
    2 贵州省农业科学院植物保护研究所，贵阳 550006
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-07 修回日期:2024-07-12 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-19
  • 通讯作者:
    叶照春，男，1980年出生，贵州贵阳人，副研究员，硕士，主要从事农田杂草研究与防控。通信地址：550006 贵州省贵阳市花溪区农科院内 贵州省植物保护研究所，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    胡勇，男，1978年出生，贵州开阳人，农艺师，学士，主要从事烤烟管理与研究工作。通信地址：550000 贵州省贵阳市南明 区富源南路350号 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司重点研发项目“烟田生草控草及还田培肥技术研究与应用”(20220041)

Effects of Weed Control Under Different Weed Growth Patterns in Tobacco Field and Its Effects on Agronomic Traits of Tobacco

HU Yong1(), CHEN Shihong2, NIE Zhongyang1, YE Zhaochun2(), LIU Hongfeng1, SONG Yiyang1, WANG Bo1   

  1. 1 Guiyang Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550000
    2 Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang 550006
  • Received:2024-04-07 Revised:2024-07-12 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-05-19

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摘要： 探索以草治草的烟田杂草生态控草技术，以期为烟田杂草防治寻求绿色防控之路。通过在贵州省开阳县开展烟田试验，设计三叶草（播种量11.24 g/m2）、马蹄金（播种量10.50 g/m2）、黑麦草（播种量4.50 g/m2）、鼠茅草（播种量4.50 g/m2）、花生（10.50 g/m2）、清耕对照区（按贵州当地种植制度进行人工除草）、自然生草处理区（不进行任何除草管理）等7个处理，生草植物成坪后20、60 d调查各处理控草效果，并于烟草打顶前调查各处理对烟草株高、叶片数、叶长和叶宽的影响。结果表明：黑麦草控草效果最佳，其成坪速度快，控草效果90%以上，且控草时间长；三叶草和鼠茅草处理次之；花生和马蹄金处理相对较差，但对杂草的生长也有一定的抑制作用。黑麦草、鼠茅草、三叶草处理烟草的株高、叶长和叶宽均高于清耕和自然生草处理，且叶宽有极显著差异。研究发现，在烟草生产上可选用黑麦草、三叶草和鼠茅草进行生态控草。

关键词: 烟草, 生草, 控草效果, 农艺性状, 黑麦草, 绿色防控, 生态控草, 贵州

Abstract:

The use of grass control methods to explore ecological weed control techniques in tobacco fields is studied, with the aim of seeking new green prevention and control paths for weed control in tobacco fields. In this study, ryegrass, clover, lemongrass, peanut, horseshoe clover and other grass were selected for the experiment. Through the field plot experiment, the grass control effect of each treatment was investigated 20 and 60 days after the grass became turf, and the effects of each treatment on tobacco plant height, leaf number, leaf length and leaf width were investigated before tobacco topping. The results showed that ryegrass had the best control effect, with fast turf formation speed, over 90% control effect, and a long control time; the treatment of clover and thatch followed, while peanut and horseshoe clover were relatively poor, but they also had a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of weeds. The plant height, leaf length, and leaf width of tobacco treated with ryegrass, thatch grass, and clover grass were higher than those treated with tillage and natural grass, and there was a highly significant difference in leaf width. Ryegrass, clover, and thatch can be selected for ecological grass control in tobacco production.

Key words: tobacco, herbage, weed control effect, agronomic traits, ryegrass, green prevention and control, ecological grass control, Guizhou Province