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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (5): 28-34.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0060

• 农艺科学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

漫灌条件下增施腐殖酸对烤烟产质量的影响

孙兴权1(), 黄鹤鸣2, 刘宏3, 许山河2, 刘羿男3, 卢平2, 袁修堂2, 郑武1, 王柱石1()   

  1. 1云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司，昆明 650106
    2福建中烟工业有限责任公司，福建厦门 361012
    3云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司，云南楚雄 675500
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-23 修回日期:2022-08-17 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-05-16
  • 通讯作者: 王柱石，男，1985年出生，湖北咸宁人，高级工程师，本科，主要从事烟草栽培和调制研究工作。通信地址：650106 云南昆明市高新区海源北路1699号 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司，Tel：0871-68334614，E-mail：wangzs211@163.com。
  • 作者简介:

    孙兴权，男，1985年出生，云南玉溪人，工程师，硕士，主要从事植物营养与烟草栽培相关研究，通信地址：650106 云南昆明市高新区海源北路1699号 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    福建中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“基于秸秆肥料化利用的云南原料基地烟叶品质提升技术研究及应用”(FJZYHZJH2020015)

Effects of Adding Humic Acid on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Under Flood Irrigation Condition

SUN Xingquan1(), HUANG Heming2, LIU Hong3, XU Shanhe2, LIU Yinan3, LU Ping2, YUAN Xiutang2, ZHENG Wu1, WANG Zhushi1()   

  1. 1Yunnan Reascend Tobacco Technology (Group) Co., Ltd., Kunming 650106, Yunnan, China
    2China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361012, Fujian, China
    3Yunnan Tobacco Company Chuxiong Branch, Chuxiong 675500, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2022-05-23 Revised:2022-08-17 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-16

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摘要：

为优化漫灌条件下的烤烟配套施肥措施，提高种烟收益，改善烟叶品质，以基肥的形式增施不同用量的水溶性腐殖酸，研究其对烤烟种植收益、常规化学成分、致香物质和感官质量的影响。与常规施肥相比，增施900 kg/hm2腐殖酸，烤烟产量增加12.35%，产值提高17.16%，净效益提高9.31%，综合经济性状表现最好。腐殖酸增施量与烤烟产量、产值和增施净效益符合二次相关关系，试验最高产量、产值和增施净效益对应的最优增施量分别为924.56、935.94、706.46 kg/hm2。增施腐殖酸使烤烟烟碱含量显著提高21.53%~43.06%，氯离子含量显著降低24.80%~55.20%，显著改善化学成分的协调性。对酮、醇、酸和酯（内酯）类致香物质含量和致香物质总量有提高作用，使烟叶新植二烯与其他类别致香物质总量的比值不同程度降低。增施腐殖酸有利于提高单料烟香气量，增添焦香或干草香韵，但用量高于900 kg/hm2会降低感官评吸质量。在漫灌栽培条件下，添加706~900 kg/hm2的水溶性腐殖酸可兼顾种植收益和初烤烟叶品质，具有较好的推广应用价值。

关键词: 腐殖酸, 漫灌, 烤烟, 经济效益, 品质

Abstract:

To optimize the fertilization practice of flue-cured tobacco under flood irrigation condition, increase the planting benefit and improve the quality, different amount of water-soluble humic acid was added in the form of basal fertilizer to study the effects on yield, conventional chemical composition, aromatic substances and sensory evaluation of flue-cured tobacco. Compared with conventional fertilization, the yield, output value and net benefit were increased by 12.35%, 17.16% and 9.31% respectively when the adding amount of humic acid was 900 kg/hm2. The adding amount of humic acid was in accordance with quadratic correlation on yield, output value and net benefit, the optimal amount corresponding to the maximum yield, output value and net benefit was 924.56, 935.94 and 706.46 kg/hm2, respectively. The addition of humic acid increased the nicotine content of flue-cured tobacco by 21.53%-43.06%, and reduced the chloride content by 24.80%-55.20%, and significantly improved the harmony of chemical compositions, increased the content of ketone, alcohol, acid, ester (lactone) and total amount of aromatic substances, and reduced the ratio of neophytadiene to other aromatic substances in tobacco leaves to different degrees. The adding of humic acid was beneficial to increase the aroma volume of unblended cigarette, adding burnt-sweet or hay-sweet flavor, but the adding amount higher than 900 kg/hm2 could lead to lower sensory quality. Adding 706-900 kg/hm2 water-soluble humic acid could increase the planting benefit and improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco under flood irrigation condition, which has a good value for promotion in flue-cured tobacco cultivation practice.

Key words: humic acid, flood irrigation, flue-cured tobacco, economic benefit, quality