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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (8): 81-88.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0052

所属专题： 农业气象

• 农业信息 农业气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

河北省太行山山区中段大枣需冷量界限温度变化特征

梁春旺1(), 张可嘉1, 杨丽娜1, 贾秋兰1, 韩翔洋2, 吴云龙2()   

  1. 1 邢台市气象局，河北邢台 054000
    2 辛集市气象局，河北辛集 052360
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-28 修回日期:2023-05-04 出版日期:2023-08-20 发布日期:2023-08-16
  • 通讯作者: 吴云龙，男，1979年出生，河北辛集人，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事农业气象服务方面的工作。通信地址：052360 河北省辛集市气象局，Tel：0311-83221978，E-mail：xinjiqx@163.com。
  • 作者简介:

    梁春旺，男，1979年出生，河北唐海人，助理工程师，硕士，主要从事综合气象服务方面的工作。通信地址：054000 河北省邢台市桥西区守敬北路76号 邢台市气象局，Tel：0319-2210810，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    邢台市重点研发计划项目“邢台太行山区王不留行气候条件及适宜性研究”(20ZCY036)

The Characteristics of Chilling Requirement and Limit Temperature of Jujube in the Middle Section of Taihang Mountains in Hebei Province

LIANG Chunwang1(), ZHANG Kejia1, YANG Lina1, JIA Qiulan1, HAN Xiangyang2, WU Yunlong2()   

  1. 1 Xingtai Meteorological Bureau, Xingtai 054000, Hebei, China
    2 Xinji Meteorological Bureau, Xinji 052360, Hebei, China
  • Received:2023-02-28 Revised:2023-05-04 Online:2023-08-20 Published:2023-08-16

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摘要：

利用河北省太行山山区中段11个县的1991—2021逐日平均气温数据和2011—2021逐时气温数据，采用趋势分析、皮尔逊系数等统计方法分析了河北省太行山山区中段大枣进入休眠期7.2℃的界限温度以及休眠期间需冷量的变化规律。结果表明：太行山山区中段气温稳定降至7.2℃终日平均日期为11月10日，最早为11月9日，最晚为11月11日，变化不明显。气温稳定升至7.2℃初日平均日期为3月18日，最早3月15日，最晚3月20日，趋势变化为每10年4.2 d，变化明显；气温稳定降至7.2℃持续日数多年平均日数是128.8 d，最少日数为125.1 d，最多日数为132.3 d，趋势变化为5.1 d/10 a，变化明显。气温稳定降至7.2℃终日中，曲阳、阜平一带开始时间最早；气温稳定升至7.2℃初日中，鹿泉、赞皇一带的开始时间最早。气温稳定降至7.2℃期间的持续日数中，鹿泉、元氏西部、赞皇一带的持续日数最少。曲阳持续日数变化趋势为每10 a减少4.0 d，全区域持续天数每10 a减少前后相差1.9 d；气温稳定低于7.2℃期间的需冷量在鹿泉、赞皇、临城一带存在低值区，需冷量由南向北依次递增；气温在0~7.2℃之间的需冷量在曲阳以及阜平北部存在低值区，需冷量由北向南依次递增。该研究可以对河北省太行山山区中段大枣自然休眠的起止日期、持续时长以及需冷量小时数有更清晰的掌握，为该区域不同品种枣树种植提供科学指导。

关键词: 太行山中段, 大枣, 休眠, 需冷量, 变化

Abstract:

Based on the daily temperature data from 1991-2021 of the 11 counties in the middle section of the Taihang Mountains, using the trend analysis and Pearson coefficient, the limit temperature of 7.2℃ for dates entering dormancy and the chilling requirement during dormancy of the jujube in the middle section of the Taihang Mountains were analyzed. The results showed that the average date of the initial day when temperature steadily dropped to 7.2℃ in the middle part of Taihang Mountains was November 10th, the earliest date was November 9th, the latest date was November 11th, and the changes were insignificant. The average date of the initial day when temperature steadily rose to 7.2℃ was March 18th, the earliest date was March 15th and the latest date was March 20th, which was a significant change in trend of 4.2 d per 10 years. The average days of the temperature steadily dropped to 7.2℃ was 128.8 d, the minimum number of days was 125.1 d, and the maximum number of days was 132.3 d. The change in trend was 5.1 d/10 a, which was a significant change. For the temperature dropped steadily to 7.2℃ throughout the day, Quyang and Fuping were the earliest area; among the initial days when the temperature rosed steadily to 7.2℃, Luquan and Zanhuang were the earliest area. The consecutive days which the temperature fell steadily to 7.2℃ were the least in Luquan, western Yuansi and Zanhuang. The change in trend of consecutive days in Quyang decreases by 4.0d per 10a; there was a low value area of the chilling requirement in Luquan, Zanhuang and Lincheng when the temperature steadily dropped to 7.2℃. There was a low value area of the chilling requirement in Quyang and the north of Fuping, when the temperature steadily dropped between 0℃ and 7.2℃. This study can provide a clearer understanding about chilling requirement of the jujube in the middle part of the Taihang Mountains in Hebei Province, which can provide scientific guidance for planting different varieties of jujube trees in this region.

Key words: the middle section of Taihang Mountains, jujube, dormancy, chilling requirement, change